Calcium, phosphorus and magnesium metabolism during pregnancy was observed with preimigravida albino rats of Wister strain about 180g body weight fed on the basal diet.
1. The results of analysis of ash of 47 new born rats were summarized on Table 3, mean value of calcium, phosphorus and magnesium of the new borns were 14.7mg, 15.9mg and 12.3mg respectively.
2. In the late period of pregnancy, the amount of calcium retention and the calcium absorption rate not increased, and the amount of calcium retention (13, 4mg/day) was lower than that of calcium requirement (20mg/day) of fetuses. Therefore the pregnant rats themselves were in negative balances.
3. Phosphorus absorption rate was almost constant during Pregnancy. In late pregnancy, the retention was increased but the Ca/P ratio was decreased. It is regarded that phosphorus metabolism is different from that of calcium.
4. The magnesium metabolism, it resembled to that of calcium, however did not found negative balance.

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Amino groups of κ-casein were succinylated at pH 8 to various degrees ranging 4.8 to 93.2 percent. Those modified κ-caseins were used for α_s-casein stabilizing test in 0.02 M calcium chloride. The ability of κ-casein to stabilize α_s-casein did nct change up to 8.8 percent succinylation, but decreased gradually as the modification reaction proceeded further until 32.3 percent succinylation at which the α_s-casein stabilizing ability of κ-casein completely disappeared. The initial succinylation of amino groups occurred on the specific residues rather than in a random fashion among all the free residues. The κ-casein components which have their isoelectric points at 5.8 and 6.1 in 6 M urea were, in the early stage of succinylation at pH 8, modified more rapidly than the rest which have their isoelectric points at more acidic side. It indicates that the, κ-casein components with their pIs around pH 6 are located in the external hydrophilic region of κ-casein complex, and that they probably play important roles in the interaction with α_s-casein which brings about the stabilization of α_s-casein in the presence of calcium chloride. As previously reported, κ-casein lost its ability to stabilize α_s-casein when the isoelectric point moved to pH 5.0-5.2, that of α_s-casein, in 6 M urea as a result of succinylation.

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According to the paper chromatographic test on the kidney bean's (Phaseolus vulgaris, cultiva. Kintoki) extracts, it was found that the orange red colour was due to four kinds of anthocyanins. For the identification of these anthocyanin pigments, Kintoki beans were treated as follows.
Kintoki beans were macerated with 1% methanolic hydrochloric acid and the filtered extracts were concentrated under reduced pressure. To remove nonpigment constituents water extracts of pigments were applied to ion exchange resins (Amberlite CG-50). The pigments were eluted from the resins with methanol containing small amount of HC1. After concentration of the eluates, four pigments were separated from each other by cellulose coloum chromatography. After purification on mass paper chromatographic method, each pigment (A, B, C and D) was crystallized from 1% methanolic HCl.
The aglycone and the sugar obtained by acid hydrolysis of each purified anthocyanin were determined by paper chromatography. In order to determine the position and number of sugar residues in the anthocyanins, the partial acid hydrolysis method was used. Rf values and the spectrophotometric data of the anthocyanins were compared with the authentic specimens.
From these cumulative evidence, it was concluded that the anthocyanins in Kintoki beans were pelargonidin-3-monoglucoside, cyanidin-3-monoglucoside, pelargonidin-3, 5-diglucoside and cyanidin-3, 5-diglucoside.

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The effect of aging and vitamin A on the pattern of hyaluronic acid, heparitin sulfate, chondroitin sulfate and heparin in rat skin was studied.
The content of non-fat material in skin was increased from 3 months old to 6 months old, and 21 months old rats showed lower values than those in 6 months old rats.
The total mucopolysaccharide has increased from 3.6 mg to 5.0 mg per g of defatted skin when 3 months old rats were fed for additional three months. And no measurable change was observed in the value in 21 months aged rats. The dificiency of vitamin A did not affect the total mucopolysaccharide content in defatted skin of 3.5 months old rats.
The content of chondroitin sulfate and heparin in defatted skin of rat has decreased while that of hyaluronic acid and heparitin sulfate increased as the aging advances. The deficiency of vitamin A showed similar pattern in the distribution of mucopolysaccharide as the effect of aging except heparin which increased in deficient rats.

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In an attempt to investigate enzyme-catalyzing degradation of lipid peroxide in the living body, methyl linoleate hydroperoxide (MLHP) was tested as a substrate for peroxidatic reaction catalyzed by a commercial hepatocatalase (E. C. 1. 11. 1. 6.), Caperase.
Autoxidized methyl linoleate was further fractionated on a cellulose-powder column with n-hexane then with methanol, and MLHP in the latter eluate was applied on the enzyme assay.
The approximate reaction constant, k1, was calculated from the linear relationship of substrate concentration and the maximum velocity on the color development of the excess amount of guaiacol as a hydrogen donor.
Although MLHP did not react with the intact enzyme at all, partial alkali-denaturation within the close pH range between 11.0 and 11.3 made it possible to catalyze the decomposition of both H₂O₂ and MLHP at approximately the same rate of the order of 10² sec. ^-1, mole^-1, with higher value on MLHP than on H₂O₂, provided that one mole of hydroperoxide is contained per mole of MLHP.

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The calcium, phosphorus and magnesium metabolism in rats during lactation and mineral requirement of suckling were investigated.
On the average the content of calcium in the body is found to increase from 14.7mg at birth to about 217.4mg at 17th day; and of phosphorus from 15.9mg to about 168.6mg, of magnesium from 1.2mg to about 8.0mg respectively; these elements obtained by the suckling are derived from dams milk.
No direct correlation was found between the mineral content of sucklings reared and the magnitude of the balance of dams during the lactation period. Calcium balance of dams indicated positive value, however the amounts absorbed was lower than the requirement for growth of suckling. Therefore the dams themselves were in negative balance.
As for the phosphorus and magnesium metabolism during lactation, their metabolism resemble calcium, but in contrast to calcium, their balance of dams indicated prositive value.

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The roots of root crops such as radish with thick xylem and carrot with thick phloem were divided into four or six vertical sections in order to determine the amount of vitamin C contained in each section respectively. The histological distribution of vitamin C were also ascertained. The results obtained were as follows.
1) The distribution of vitamin C had a large vertical difference. With regards to the materials of the harvesting season, the largest amount of vitamin C was contained in the cusp part where the cell division is active as well as in the upper part which is nearest to the leaves; the amount contained in the lower part adjacent to the cusp part came next; and in the middle part only a small amount was contained. The order of amount of dehydroascorbic acid contained in these parts was similar to that of the total vitamin C, showing a remarkable difference of distribution. These regional distribution of vitamin C, however, changed as the harvesting season passed into the stage of seed stalk development: the amount of vitamin C contained in the part adjacent to the cusp decreased, while the amount contained in the upper part of root increased.
2) Speaking of various parts of root of radish and carrot of harvesting season, the largest amount of vitamin C was contained both in the cortex and in and around the vascular bundle including the cambium where the cell division is active, while only a small amount was contained in the parenchyma which forms the main part of the flesh of root crops. The former two also contained a large amount of dehydroascorbic acid.
These observations indicate the fact that the vitamin C of root crops is abundant where the vital phenomenon is vigorous.

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[in Japanese]

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