To determine the iodine requirement of growing rats, it was examined iodine balance. Iodine content in urine, expressed as the ratio to creatinine, were taken as a criterion to predict whether iodine intake is adequate or not. The significant correlations was observed between the iodine content in 24 hour urine and the iodine-creatinine ratio[(iodine mg/ml) / (total creatinine g/ml)]. The iodine-creatinine ratio in rats fed an iodine-free diet was about 0.1. This value was comparable with the figure, 0.13, observed in patients with endemic goiter.

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The commercial red pepper is often infected with mold, and its pungent taste is decreased during storage. Several different causes were conceivable; the action of ultraviolet rays, simple chemical changes and action of enzyme present in red pepper. To explain the decrease of the pungent taste, the relation between infecting mold and pungent substances of red pepper, capsaicin, was studied. The growth of Aspergillus niger was inhibited along with increased capsaicin concentration. But at the low concentration of capsaicin as low as 0.3mg%-0.5mg%, the growth of Asp. niger was rather stimulated and the pungent taste in the medium was disappeared during the growth. When capsaicin was added at the low concentration of 10mg% in the medium, the residual capsaicin in the culture medium of Asp. niger was reduced as half as much after 3 days culture, and almost completely disappeared after 2 weeks.

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Effect of hypocholesterolemic substance of SHIITAKE, mushroom Lentinus Edodes, on the cholesterol content of plasma, liver and adrenal, and the excretion of sterol and bile acids was observed.
With feeding of hypercholesterolemic diets containing 7% dried SHIITAKE for 29 days to rats, the experiment showed significant reduction in plasma and adrenal cholesterol, and increase in fecal excretion of bile acids.
With feeding of eritadenine, hypocholesterolemic substance of SHIITAKE, at 8mg% level for one week to the rat, it caused significant reduction in plasma cholesterol, but no significant effect on fecal excretion of bile acids.

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In order to examine the effect of dietary sugars and oil on serum cholesterol and serum triglyceride levels of male rats, four groups of Wistar strain rats were fed identically in all respects except for the different kinds of carbohydrate for groups I, II and III and for the elimination of oil from group IV. For groups I, II and III, corn starch, white sugar and black sugar with 5% of oil (soybean oil 4: liver oil 1) were fed respectively, and white sugar without oil was fed to the group IV.
Rats given white (granulated) sugar without oil (IV) had the highest serum level of cholesterol, showing 118mg/dl. Rats given white sugar with oil (II) had 89mg/dl, and those that were fed black sugar (III) had 74mg/dl. Rats given corn starch (I) had the lowest, showing 71mg/dl. The reason for this result is that the sucrose content of white sugar is higher than that of black sugar, and this sucrose content level may have played an important role to rise the serum cholesterol. On the other hand, the addition of oil to black sugar acted as a redusing factor, lowering the cholesterol. However, there may be other components of black sugar which may have led to this result.
In regard to the serum triglyceride levels, rats that were fed white sugar with oil (II) were the highest, showing 152mg/dl, and the groups III, IV and I followed in decreasing order.
The effect of sucrose content of the diet to the serum level of triglyceride was not as significant as that of oil.

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The present paper describes the photosensitization of rats fed on the pickled green. The rats, which were fed on salted Nozawa-na and salted Taka-na and fed throwing light on, showed such a tendency of photosensitization as decrease in body weight, death and necrosis of skins.
After the materials were prepared by picking up pigment in the pickled green and graduating it by 15% hydrochloric acid, and seperating fluorescent pigment. The rats were injected interaperitoneally or administered orally it and were irradiated. By the experiment the rats were immediately exposed to give up its breath. Over 5-10mg in body weight 100g showed fatal effect. The material of cause of photosensitization were supposed to be Pheophorbide a by paper chromatography and absorption spectrum.

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Brown rice examined contained 2.6% of lipids, in which proportion of neutral lipid, glycolipid and phospholipid was 77.3: 9.8: 11.5. Triglyceride was predominant among at least 11 kinds of neutral lipid. More than 10 were detected as the glycolipid, among which acyl sterylglycoside, sterylglycoside and cerebroside were in the majority. Among at least 9 phospholipids, principal were phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylinositol. Lipids of brown rice possessed about 9 kinds of fatty acid as the constituent. In case of the total lipids, the main fatty acids were oleic, linoleic and palmitic in the decreasing order.

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The extensive use of white rat for blood studies in the field of nutrition and physiology makes it highly desirable to have a method for following changes in the blood volume of this animal. It is obvious that such a method as to sacrifice the animal in measuring the blood volume is of little value in blood studies where it is desired to follow changes in the blood volume over a period of time.
Thus, the author modified and made it easier to measure the plasma volume of the rat by the plasma-dye method which has been so successfully used in the case of the larger animals and human subjects. An accurately measured volume of Evans Blue (T-1824) is injected into blood stream through a tail vein which is exposed by cutting a small portion of the skin surgically. After exactly 4 minutes, the blood is drawn by the heart puncture for analysing the concentration of the dye in the plasma.
Values obtained by this method are compared with the previous available data on volume studies in the rat and are found favorable agree with them.
The results varied with the body size of the rats, but the unit plasma volume which is expressed in ml per surface area is almost constant among the entire group of this study.
Thus, a formula to predict the blood volume of the normal rat is constructed on the basis of the data obtained and, is as follows:
Plasma volume (ml) =3.61S-1.78
S: surface area calculated by Lee's formula

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The preservative, dehydroacetic acid, lowers the activity of diastase and α-amylase by 40 to 50% against 1% soluble starch solution and potato starch solution, and also lowers the activity of lipase around 12% against emulsified solution of olive oil and commercial salad oil. Dehydroacetic acid has no effect on the activity of pepsin against the protein, edestin.
The tar dye for food, Acid Violet 6B, also lowers the activity of diastase and α-amylase about 20% against the same starch solutions and has a marked effect on pepsin, lowering its activity about 85% against the protein, edestin.

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Effect of iodine supplementation to the children were observed in Kaisawa elementary school, Sawauchi-village, Iwate prefecture by comparing the ratio of iodine to creatinine [(iodine mg/ml) / (total creatinine g/ml)] excreted in urine.
The ratio less than 0.3 to be known as effective in preventing endemic goiter was observed in twenty five percent of the children.

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Five kinds of hard biscuits, containing 0-7.2% of the petroleum yeast and other materials such as wheat flour, margarine enriched with vitamin A and D, sugar, common salt and calcium carbonate were prepared. Feeding experiment of young albino rats fed on these biscuits was carried on. The growth ratio and feed efficiency of each group of animals have increased parallel with the content of the yeast. The digestibility coefficient of each biscuit was determined by using albino rats. About 97% of the organic matter and 86% of the protein in the biscuits containing 7.2% of the yeast were digested.

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