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Volume 91, Issue 6
Displaying 1-16 of 16 articles from this issue
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TETSUYASU HIRATA, TORU SEKITANI1988 Volume 91 Issue 6 Pages 835-846,985
Published: June 20, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: October 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSForty-four patients with vestibular neuronitis were investigated serologically. The serum viral antibody titers were examined for the following viruses: herpes simplex virus (HSV), varicella-zoster virus (VZV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), EB virus (EBV), rubella virus, adenovirus, influenza virus A, influenza virus B, parainfluenza virus 3, mumps virus, measles virus and mycoplasma. The methods for measuring serum viral antibody titer in this study were complement fixation test (CF), hemagglutination inhibition test (HI), neutralization test (NT), indirect fluorescent antibody technique (FA) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
The sera from all 44 cases were measured twice. Of these, 36 cases were treated as so-called “paired sera” in serological statistics. In 27 cases (61.4%) we performed a first serum examination within 2 weeks after onset of vertigo. Seventeen among the 36 paired cases showed significant change (four-fold of higher rise) in serum viral antibody titer (HSV: 2 cases, CMV: 1, EBV: 7, rubella: 2, adeno.: 2, influ. A: 1, influ. B: 2). HSV 1 IgM (ELISA) was detected in only one case, in serum of the acute stage. We assumed that the detected viruses played some role in the onset of vertigo in each case.
During the follow-up significant chages in serum viral antibody titer were observed in several cases including the cases investigated long after the initial onset, but none showed a recurrent vertigo attack or aggravation of dizzy sensation.
Twenty-one patients (47.7%) showed some symptoms of upper respiratory infection or inflammatory findings prior to or during vertiginous attack. Most of these patients demonstrated significant changes in serum viral antibody titer.View full abstractDownload PDF (973K) -
NOBUHISA TERADA, AKIYOSHI KONNO, HIDEKI ANDO, EIKO ITO, KIYOSHI TOGAWA ...1988 Volume 91 Issue 6 Pages 847-855,985
Published: June 20, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: October 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOur previous study showed that the increased density of cholinergic muscarinic receptors (muscarinic receptors) in the nasal mucosa of subjects with nasal allergy is induced secondarily by some pathophysiological changes in the nasal mucosa which is related intimately with the development of hyperreactive nasal symptoms.
The present study was designed to elucidate the mechanism of an increase in the density of muscarinic receptors. Guinea pigs were sensitized intraperitoneally using 20μg ovalbumin and 10mg of aluminum hydroxide in 1 ml of normal saline 7 times every 2 weeks. After that, transairway sensitizations was performed by ultranebulization of 3ml of 0.01% ovalbumin in normal saline consecutively for 5 days. One week later, nasal provocation was performed daily for 7 days by nasal instillation of 50μl of 1% ovalbumin in normal saline, which caused typical hyperreactive nasal symptomes in most guinea pigs. Then the effect of anti-allergic drugs to cholinergic receptors was studied.
After provocation, DSCG (4mg/body) or flunisolide (50μg/body) was administered by nasal instillation. And azelastine (2mg/body), clemastine (2mg/body) or tranilast (300mg/body) was given orally daily for 4 weeks. During administration of drugs, nasal provocations were continued 3 times for a week.
The increased density of muscarinic receptors was reproduced in the nasal membrane of guinea pigs which was provocated repeatedly with antigen after trans-airway sensitization. On the other hand, no significant change was observed in the nasal membrase of guinea pigs sensitized with ovalbumin without nasal provocation. All of anti-allergic drugs studied suppressed an increase in the density of muscarinic receptors. However, no significant change was observed in the density of muscarinic receptors when azelatine or cremastine was administered to normal guinea pigs. There were no significant changes in the affinity of muscarinic receptors in the nasal mucosa between corresponding groups.
Above results indicate that an increase in the density of muscarinic receptors observed in the nasal mucosa of subjects with nasal allergy has been induced secondarily by some of chemical mediators which have been released by antigen antibody reactions. Chemical mediators, besides causing nasal allergic symptoms, may act as an aggravating factor in vicious cycle promoting hyperreactivity of the nasal mucosa by increasing density of muscarinic receptors.View full abstractDownload PDF (5257K) -
1. SCREENING OF 1-YEAR-6-MONTH-OLD CHILDREN IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE PHYSICAL EXAMINATION OF THE MINISTRY OF HEALTH AND WELFAREKEIKO NISHIOKA, YOSHIHIRO NAITO, KAZUMI OKANO, MASAKI KIGUCHI, CHISATO ...1988 Volume 91 Issue 6 Pages 856-864,985
Published: June 20, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: October 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSScreening for hard-of-hearing children by questionnaire was conducted along with the physical examination of 1-year-6-month-old children performed under the auspices of the Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare. The questionnaire was given to 1, 011 parents and guardians (mostly mothers), of whom about 70% responded.
The response rate to individual questions was examined. Most of the questions concerned the reactions to sound and the developement of hearing and speech. The frequency of “I don't know” as a response to these questions was very low and more than 90% of the respondents replied “yes” or “no” to questions was 5, 8, 10, 12, 13, 15 and 18, which dealt with observations on reactions to sounds, and questions 19-21 and 23, which dealt with speech development and language comprehension.
Past methods of screening for hard-of-hearing children were introduced and compared with the present method. The applicability of the present method to screening was discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (786K) -
RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN NASAL BLOOD VESSELS AND LUNG RECEPTORSSHIGEKI NISHIHIRA1988 Volume 91 Issue 6 Pages 865-871,985
Published: June 20, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: October 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effect of stimulation of vagal afferent fibers on the reflex control of nasal blood vessels was studied in 36 cats. Volume change of the nasal capacitance vessels were measured by plethysmographic balloons inserted into the nose of the cat. Electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve produced a vasodilatation of nasal mucosa. Pulmonary stretch receptor stimulation by veratrum alkaloid and progressive lung inflation in open chest cats also produced a vasodilatation of nasal mucosa. These phenomena were not observed after the sectioning of the vagus nerves. Pulmonary irritant receptor and J-type receprors were also stimulated by histamine dehydro chrolide and phenyldiganide respectively, but no significant changes were noticed after sectioning of the vagus nerves.
These results suggest a reflex arc between the lung and nasal capacitance vessels arising from pulmonary stretch receptors.View full abstractDownload PDF (573K) -
JUN-ICHI MATSUSHIMA, KUNIHIRO TAKAHASHI, CHIHIRO HARADA, TADASHI YOSHI ...1988 Volume 91 Issue 6 Pages 872-878,987
Published: June 20, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: October 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWe developed extracochlear stimulating electrode using the teflon coated platinum-iridium wire whose tip is covered with polyvinylalcohol gel for single channel cochlear implant. As polyvinylalcohol gel containes 85% saline in it, its current-conductibility is the same as the tissue. Since this electrode was less current-dependant than platinum-iridium electrode in impedance, it was easier for electrode with polyvinylalcohol gel to control the stimulating current.
From intracochlear recordings it was shown that there was no differences of cutoff frequency between the electrodes with and without polyvinylalcohol gel. We showed from recordings in scala tympani of basal and apical turn that the current applied through the round window membrane spreaded from the basal turn to the apical turn without any decrease of the current.
We were able to record compound Aps in the cochlear nerve bundle, which were evoked by electrical stimuli using the electrode with polyvinylalcohol gel applied to the cochlea. Since polyvinylalcohol gel is elastic and safe in man, it was concluded that the electrode using polyvinylalcohol gel is suitable for extracochlear stimulating electrode on the round window membrane.View full abstractDownload PDF (746K) -
YOUICHI HATANO, AKIYOSHI KONNO, YOSHITAKA OKAMOTO, SHIGERU HANAZAWA, K ...1988 Volume 91 Issue 6 Pages 879-886,987
Published: June 20, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: October 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTwelve patients with the mucosal malignant melanomas of the head and neck had been treated in our department during 15 years from 1972 to 1987. Among these 12 cases, 7 melanomas were found either in the nasal cavity or paranasal sinus, 3 melanomas in the oral cavity, and 2 melanomas in the pharynx (nasopharynx or oropharynx).
These cases were classified as Stage I, II and III by the criteria of the National Institute of Health. The number of the cases of each Stage were 7, 4 and 1 respectively. Any particular relationship was not observed between primary tumor site and its Stage.
Although radical operation has been proposed as the best therapy for the mucosal melanoma, for the head and neck lesion, it has seldom been performed because of extensiveness of the tumor and anatomical difficulties.
For these reasons, all our cases were treated by combined therapy consisting of operation (including cryosurgery), radiation, chemotherapy and immuno-therapy. In spite of the combined therapy, the prognosis was very poor. A three year survival rate was 48.9% and a five year survival rate was 12.2%.
Since the difinite therapy has not been found especially for advanced cases, it is necessary to perform a systematic survey to find the effective way to treat this pathologic condition.View full abstractDownload PDF (1205K) -
TOORU KIKAWADA, YASUHIRO SERIZAWA, KAZUMOTO SUZUKI, ATSUSI YAMADA1988 Volume 91 Issue 6 Pages 887-894,987
Published: June 20, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: October 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFor the purpose of regaining speech after a total laryngectomy, we have designed a new pharyngo-tracheal (cutaneous) fistula, the inner surface of which is lined with skin taken from the patient's forearm, and have made a new mechanical voice prosthesis that may be inserted into the fistula as a reed fistula method.
According to this method, the patient can regain a greater clarity of speech than is permitted by other currently available methods without taking the risk of pneumonia caused by leakage of saliva or food particles from the pharynx through the fistula into the trachea.View full abstractDownload PDF (5125K) -
HISTOPATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS AND THERAPEUTIC METHOD IN 3 CASESMASAHIRO KAWAIDA, HIROYUKI FUKUDA, SHIGERU KANO, KAZUAKI OKI, KOICHI K ...1988 Volume 91 Issue 6 Pages 895-900,987
Published: June 20, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: October 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThree cases of large epiglottic cyst were reported. Histopathological examination revealed epidermoid cyst in 2 cases and retention cyst in the other.
The removal of the cysts was accomplished by use of a snare for tonsillectomy and a newly designed direct laryngoscope, the right wall of which was kept open from the tip to base, thus showing a C-shaped cross section. The scope readily allowed the insertion of the snare through the opening.View full abstractDownload PDF (5640K) -
MASAHIRO TAKAHASHI, NOBUKAZU YAMAMOTO, REIKO YAMAMOTO1988 Volume 91 Issue 6 Pages 901-906,999
Published: June 20, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: October 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to clarify the status quo and problems of sinus surgeries, we sent out questionnaires to 854 ENT specialists and analysed 723 cases of rhinological surgeries in our department in the past five years. The questionnaire indicated that 69% of the responders (591 specialists) experienced serious complications, 64% and 31% of which were composed of injuries to the optic organs and injuries to the intracranial space, respectively. Blind procedures and less sufficient knowledge of surgical anatomy were pointed out by the majority as the causes of serious complications. Howerer, we would like to add three factors from the present study, that is, rhinological surgeries being regarded as merely one step of the postgraduate training rather than a special division, lack of reliable methods to instruct safe sinus surgeries, and operations under direct vision with naked eyes. Since the incidence of postoperative maxillar cyst was much high as a sequela of commonly practiced sinusectomies, Caldwell-Luc operation should be less commonly done if possible although the postoperative cyst was regarded as not related to the surgical techniques by the initial sinusectomies in the minority of the questionnaires.View full abstractDownload PDF (664K) -
NAOKI INAMURA, YOSHIHIRO SHIBAHARA, MOTOAKI ISHIGAKI, TOMONORI TAKASAK ...1988 Volume 91 Issue 6 Pages 907-914,999
Published: June 20, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: October 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAtmospheric pollen grains of Cryptomeria Japonica in Sendai City were collected by Durham's pollen trap and Burkard's one from 1983 to 1987. Analyzing the relationship between pollen count data and meteorological data in detail, we could obtain the following results. The total count of Cryptomeria Japonica pollen of the following season is closely dependent upon the mean humidity, temperature and sunshine duration in August using double regression analysis. It is possible to predict the total pollen count in the following pollen-season utilizing these data in August obtained from the Japan Weather Association. Furthermore both data atmospheric pollen collected by Burkard's trap and an hourly data of weather obtained from the Japan Weather Association made our understandings on various meteorological conditions of pollen dispersion clearer. Pollen count forecasts on Cryptomeria Japonica will be started in Sendai soon.View full abstractDownload PDF (614K) -
LONG TERM FOLLOW UP OBSERVATION IN THE MIDDLE EAR OF CATEIZOU YAMANAKA1988 Volume 91 Issue 6 Pages 915-925,999
Published: June 20, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: October 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe author have conducted a series of experimental studies, using cats, to clarify the biocompatibility of Hydroxyapatite (HA) with the middle ear tissue in the cat. Partial ossicular replacement prosthesis of 99.5% of density was designed for the experiment. After removing the incus, the prosthesis was placed between the stapes and the malleus to reconstruct the ossicular chain.
Postoperative hearing was assessed by measurment of the threshold of auditory brainstem response. Histological specimens of the middle ear after the operation were made using a cutting band saw at various postoperative periods. The maximum duration was 450 days. The specimens served for light microscopic observation. In addition, the HA prosthesis with surrounding tissue was observed by a scanning electron microscope and by a microradiography.
The hearing threshold returned to certain level and remained stable within a month after the surgery, in all cats except for one, when the postoperative inflammation was well controlled. Fifteen days after the surgery, a fibrous tissue grew in layers around the ossicle in contact with HA. The HA prosthesis and the ossicles in the middle ear cavity were wholly covered with a connective tissue, 30 days after the surgery. Furthermore, the scanning electron microscopy revealed that the surface of the HA was quite promptly covered with the fibrous tissue mainly consisting of collagen fibers. This indicated the high affinity of the HA to middle ear tissue. On the face of junction between the HA and the ossicles the growth of thin layer of the connective tissue was evident and no osseous ankylosis which disturbed the mobility of the ossicular chain was recognized.
Throughout the postoperative course, neither absorption, resolution nor disfigurement of the HA was found. The foreign body giant cells were hardly found under the microscopic observation. From the assessment of both hearing tests and histological findings, it can be said that the HA prosthesis is stabilized in the middle ear cavity within a month. The present experimental study confirmed the high grade of biocompatibility of HA and presented an important information for the clinical application of HA as the ossicular replacement prosthesis.View full abstractDownload PDF (6017K) -
MEASURING BY METHACHOLINE INHALATION TESTYOUKO TAKEYASU1988 Volume 91 Issue 6 Pages 926-932,999
Published: June 20, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: October 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHyperresponsiveness of the nasal mucosa seems to be consisted of sensitivity and reactivity. These two factors can be analyzed by means of Asthograph. We investigated the difference and the change of hyperresponsiveness of the nasal mucosa by sex and age. In patients with allergic and vasomotor rhinitis over 20 years of age, we examined the nasal hyperresponsiveness by directly-writing the dose-response curve of respiratory resistance through the nose during the continuous inhalation of methacholine. Three parameters were obtained from the dose-response curve as follows: initial nasal respiratory resistance (Rrs. N. cont), indicator for the sensitivity of the nasal mucosa (Dmim), and indicator for the nasal reactivity (Sd). Dmin and Sd were significantly correlated to age when logarithmically transformed and Rrs. N. cont was not correlated to age. Dmin became larger and Sd became smaller by aging. The significant sex-difference was observed in thirties for Dmin and Sd.
In this study, we obtained the result that the hyperresponsiveness of the nasal mucosa decreased with age. There was the sex-difference for nasal hyperresponsiveness in thirties.View full abstractDownload PDF (619K) -
1988 Volume 91 Issue 6 Pages 933-952
Published: June 20, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2010
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1988 Volume 91 Issue 6 Pages 953-961
Published: June 20, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2010
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1988 Volume 91 Issue 6 Pages 961-970
Published: June 20, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: December 22, 2010
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[in Japanese]1988 Volume 91 Issue 6 Pages 972-975
Published: June 20, 1988
Released on J-STAGE: October 22, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (230K)
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