ソシオロジ
Online ISSN : 2188-9406
Print ISSN : 0584-1380
ISSN-L : 0584-1380
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45 巻, 2 号
通巻　139号
選択された号の論文の15件中1～15を表示しています
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論文
  • ハビトゥス概念の批判的検討
    『プラチック理論の概要』のテクストから
    倉島 哲
    2000 年 45 巻 2 号 p. 3-19,182
    発行日: 2000/10/31
    公開日: 2016/11/02
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14959/soshioroji.45.2_3
    ジャーナル フリー
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    　This paper critically examines Pierre Bourdieu's Outline ofa Theory of Practice in order to clarify his ambiguous definition of habitus and to reveal the theoretical assumptions inherent in the concept. It will be shown that the exact retracing of Bourdieu's break from structuralist epistemology will render the habitus incapable of conceptualizing social change, hence contradicting Bourdieu's own definition.
    　Habitus is depicted as having two contradictory aspects. In the first chapter of Outline, it is presented as a generative principle of strategic practices that are predisposed for profit. In the second chapter, however, habitus is presented as the principle of regularized practices that are predisposed to suit the objective economic structure. The contradiction between the two aspects is not to be dismissed as a mere reflection of practices in real life, since a careful examination of the text reveals an exact correspondence between the property of the practice which the habitus engenders, and the property of the structure with which the habitus interacts. That is, Boudieu seldom emphasizes the strategic aspect in relation to the economic structure, and he seldom emphasizes the regulatory aspect in relation to the symbolic structure.
    　The arbitrariness of emphasis is epistemologically unacceptable, and must be overcome by abolishing the boundary between the first and second chapters. Since Bourdieu grants habitus the ability to strategically utilize the symbolic structure in pursuit of economic profit, to the extent that the symbolic structure exists only so far as it is utilized by the habitus, the same must be applied to habitus in chapter two. However, when it comes to utilizing economic structure, there is no other structure with which to define "profit". Therefore, profit must be defined self-referentially by the economic structure itself, thus logically confining habitus to its mechanistic reproducer; or else economic structure is nonexistent.
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  • 「配慮」の構図
    たばこ論における「健康」、「他者」
    亀山 聖未
    2000 年 45 巻 2 号 p. 21-37,181
    発行日: 2000/10/31
    公開日: 2016/11/02
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14959/soshioroji.45.2_21
    ジャーナル フリー
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    　In this paper, we will deal with social relations on tobacco-issues. Through the keyconcepts "health" and "others", we will find out the delicate balance of "consideration".
    　On tobacco-issues, there are three turns. First, tobacco is a private matter. If one doesn't stop smoking, he/she would be criticized because of his/her ignorance or weak-will. But smoker can choose his/her taste over own health.
    　Second, tobacco is a matter of manners. In connection with a new word "Ken-en-ken", which asserts veto on smoking, manners become an important problem. The major part of smokers is adult-men, so people attack them. Here, the form of dispute is like this: "social majority vs. minorities (women, children, patients and the old) ".
    　Third, tobacco is a matter about others' health, when "Ken-en-ken" links up with medical opinion. Especially, people take notice to "passive smoking". Now, nonsmoker's health is more important than smoker's. Smoker is demanded to consider not own but others' health. "Others" means social minorities, so the demand will be a justice and steadfast.
    　By the way, on tobacco-issues, there is another matter of "woman's smoking". On man and woman's smoking, the problem is different. His problem is a manner or consideration to others; her problem is just smoking. Whether the woman is pregnant or not, she must consider future's baby-child's health. The reason is just she is a "youngwoman". She is demanded to consider her own and others' health. It's a double-consideration.
    　Tobacco-issues, it is a matter not only private but also social. There is a demand to consider, which consists of delicate balance. When we deal with social relations, "health" and "others" are important factors.
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  • 夫婦ライフスタイルに関する個人的選好
    その実現についての一考察
    片岡 佳美
    2000 年 45 巻 2 号 p. 39-54,180
    発行日: 2000/10/31
    公開日: 2016/11/02
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14959/soshioroji.45.2_39
    ジャーナル フリー
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    　The purpose of this paper is to consider how husbands and wives carry out their own preferences in marital lifestyle using the research data in 1998. Today people are pursuing the marital lifestyle based on their own preferences. However, marital lifestyle is not chosen by one partner essentially. Both husband and wife ought to have rights to choose marital lifestyle equally. In spite of this, some people often cannot carry out their own preferences.
    　I measured husband's and wife's power as the ability to carry out their own preferences in marital lifestyle by comparing the desirable ways of decision-making between husband and wife with the actual decision-making ways. By means of this, I tried to assess how husband and wife can accomplish their own marital lifestyle on the way of decision-making.
    　As a result, the preferences for traditional patterns, such as husband-dominant decision-making pattern, are carried out just because of the fact that existing norm and practice are still well. Therefore another factor to carry out such preference cannot be developed. As the usual norm and practice weaken, it may become difficult to carry out traditional preference in near future. On the other side, the preference for new pattern that the opinions of both partners are respected equally is carried out when there is much communication between husband and wife. Through communication, husband's and wife's own preferences in marital lifestyle are cared about by their partner. Such caring about the partner's preference will become important resource for power as the ability to carry out any preference - either traditional one or new one.
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  • 外国人ムスリムと日本人女性の結婚
    結婚満足度の規定要因の分析から
    竹下 修子
    2000 年 45 巻 2 号 p. 55-68,179
    発行日: 2000/10/31
    公開日: 2016/11/02
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14959/soshioroji.45.2_55
    ジャーナル フリー
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    　The purpose of this study is to examine the relation between the marital satisfaction of religious intermarriage couples and two aspects: the wives' adaptability to Islamic way of life and the connection with their relatives. The wives' adaptability to Islamic way of life contains her worship, Ramadan, diet and veil. The connection with their relatives includes opposition to their marriage from the wife's parents, opposition to their marriage from the husband's parents, the wife's parents' acceptability to Islamic way of life, the wife's attendance at Buddhist funerals and the wife's displeasure at her husband's aid to his relatives.
    　The data was obtained through a survey which I conducted from October to November in 1999. The subjects of the survey were 61 religious intermarriage couples (foreign Muslim and Japanese women) living in Japan.
    　According to the result of multiple regression analysis, when a wife worships 5 times a day, the couple's marital satisfaction is higher than when a wife doesn't worship. Also, when a wife always wears a veil, the couple's marital satisfaction is higher than when a wife doesn't wear a veil. Both the wives' worship and veils are connected with the husbands' marital satisfaction more than the wives'. It means that the wives' adaptability to Islamic way of life is more important to the husbands. Furthermore, when a wife feels displeasure at her husband's aid to his relatives, the couple's marital satisfaction is lowered. It means that when a wife doesn't feel displeasure at her husband's support to his relatives, she understands Islamic principle, and is considerate to her husband and her in-laws.
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  • 慢性疾患における医療者―患者関係の考察に向けて
    崎山 治男, 三井 さよ
    2000 年 45 巻 2 号 p. 69-86,178
    発行日: 2000/10/31
    公開日: 2016/11/02
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14959/soshioroji.45.2_69
    ジャーナル フリー
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    　The aim of this paper is to reconsider the relationship between medical professionals and patients in chronic illness through analyzing the nurse-patient relationship in B hospital.
    　For that purpose, we aim at analysis of coordination of works between patients and nurses. As Strauss says, it is important for chronically ill patients to regulate of works and have positive self-concept. However, he says that patients must do so without the help of medical professionals. Is it true? As we show, medical professionals in B hospital support patients to regulation of works and have positive self-concept. The process of supports is below.
    　First, patients recognize the need of regimen, however, they sometimes reject it because it is too difficult for patients to reconstruct their identity through placing their illness in their biography and do regimen strictly. In such case, nurses refrain from forcing patients to accept their illness and suggest other regimen. So, they can be supportive others for patients.
    　Second, patients have anxiety when they imagine their lives after hospital days. They must regulate regimen and daily jobs.but they can't imagine doing so successfully. So, they can't have positive self-concept. In such case, nurses point out successful regulation. So, patients can imagine their good lives after hospital days and have positive self-concept. Through such process, chronically ill patients can regulate works and have positive self-concept.
    　Through such consideration, we suggest the relationship between medical professionals and patients in chronic illness that hasn't been analyzed in sociology of medicine.
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