ソシオロジ
Online ISSN : 2188-9406
Print ISSN : 0584-1380
ISSN-L : 0584-1380
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55 巻, 1 号
通巻　168号
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論文
  • 家族定義の可能性と妥当性
    非家族研究の系譜を手がかりに
    久保田 裕之
    2010 年 55 巻 1 号 p. 3-19,136
    発行日: 2010/05/31
    公開日: 2015/05/13
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14959/soshioroji.55.1_3
    ジャーナル フリー
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    　Within recent family sociology in Japan, it has been taken for granted that the family cannot and should not be defined by researchers, partly because of the negative effect of including various lifestyles. However, avoiding family definition can be harmful or even destructive, unless there is a clear-cut explanation of what exactly is meant by saying “family cannot and should not be defined”.　This paper, then, will argue that it is inevitable and even essential for every single piece of scientific research on families to define a concept of the family in some way, and, conversely, to define a concept of “non-family”, according to the best interest of each research project. In this paper, we examine three famous studies in the history of family sociology in Japan which focused on the concept of “non-family”: one by Teizō TODA ([1973] 1970), another by Kiyomi MORIOKA ([1981] 1987), and a third by Yoshitaka IKEOKA et al. (1999). By examining this tradition of “non-family” studies, the inevitability and necessity of definition can best be illustrated, as the borderline which is drawn between the concepts of family and of non-family.　Firstly, we scrutinize Masahiro YAMADA (1986; 1992) and IKEOKA et al. (1999), dealing with the subjective family definitions of the parties involved, because these approaches sometimes seem to put overmuch emphasis not on the researchers’ definition but on the parties’ subjective image and discourse on family. Secondly, contentions over the constructionist approach follow, which have arisen within the Sociology of Social Problems under the name of Ontological Gerrymandering. Finally, we examine TODA ([1973] 1970) and MORIOKA ([1981] 1987), which explicitly define the concepts of family and non-family.　In conclusion, it can be argued that it is inevitable and even essential to define concepts of the family and “non-family”, according to the best interests of each research project. “Family” should be re-defined and up-dated in order to embrace the diverse lifestyles within and without those of traditional families.
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  • エコスポーツによる観光開発の正当化とその論理
    「生活の海」の重層的利用をめぐる漁民の対応
    村田 周祐
    2010 年 55 巻 1 号 p. 21-37,135
    発行日: 2010/05/31
    公開日: 2015/05/13
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14959/soshioroji.55.1_21
    ジャーナル フリー
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    　This study exemplifies a mechanism of negotiation between local communities and “eco-sport” oriented tourism development. Conflict is arising in real-world situations caused by the impact of “eco-sport” tourism on the lives of local people. However, existent studies have concluded that, because “eco-sport” tourism emphasizes the protection of nature, the assumption is made that local residents’ lifestyles are also maintained.　In this case study we investigate scuba diving as a form of tourism development at “Y-Mura” in X-cho, Matsue city, Shimane prefecture. The study argues that a designated scuba diving area on the coast has been designed to maintain the social organization and social relationships of “Y-Mura” for the benefit of the local residents. 　From the case study, it becomes evident that the mindset of “eco-sport” tourism treated the protection of nature for the preservation of local community and its social structures as a form of philanthropy directed toward local residents. This mindset may, however, be used to justify development that negatively impacts the lives of local communities. In addition, “eco-sport” tourism may itself be helping to justify this type of development.
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  • 「自己の構築」の再検討
    河井 亨
    2010 年 55 巻 1 号 p. 39-55,134
    発行日: 2010/05/31
    公開日: 2015/05/13
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14959/soshioroji.55.1_39
    ジャーナル フリー
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    　Recently, issues related to the self have become increasingly prominent in sociology, as a result of the emphasis on the construction of the self. The issues at stake are how the self is constructed through interaction, and how society relates to that. The purpose of this paper is to reconsider that construction. Firstly, the concepts of the self are organized in terms of the relationship between the self and the interaction. Secondly, the process of the construction of the self is examined through discussion of role and narrative.　There has been much discussion of the actual process of the construction of the self through interaction. However, insufficient attention has been paid to the relationship between the self and the process of construction through interaction. This paper examines the problem through G. H. Mead’s discussions of the self and of time. From the perspective of Mead’s discussion of the self, it is clarified precisely that 1) the self is constructed through interaction, and 2) the constructed self and the constructing self are related. From the perspectives of Mead’s discussion of time, it is clarified that the interaction is constructed in the passages of the present referring to emergence. This emergence is enabled not merely by generation of novelty, but by an occupation of different systems in passing, and by a relationship between interactions (an interaction of interactions). In conclusion, it is shown that it is necessary for sociologists analyzing concepts of the self to focus both on the relationship between the self and interaction, and on the relationship between interactions.
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  • アイデンティティのパフォーマティヴィティに関する社会学的研究
    「中国残留日本人」の呼称と語りを手がかりとして
    南 誠（梁　雪江）
    2010 年 55 巻 1 号 p. 57-73,133
    発行日: 2010/05/31
    公開日: 2015/05/13
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14959/soshioroji.55.1_57
    ジャーナル フリー
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    　This paper is a sociological study of identity performativity with clues about the name and life story of “Chugoku-zanryu nihonjin” (Japanese left in China after World War II). Based on Hall and Butler’s identity theory, I analyze the social construction processes of the identity of Chugoku-zanryu nihonjin from the viewpoint of both the social formation of the name and their life story.　Concretely, first, through the process of generation of the name “Chugokuzanryu nihonjin”, I will clarify four problems: the formation and subdivision of the politics and the category depending on the various names; the failure of the social movement for a name change; the dominant story which was formed with political correctness about the relief of these people; and the feelings and economic factors arising from their position and transition in China. Secondly, I will clarify the identity performativity of Chugoku-zanryu nihonjin through analysing concrete examples, disclosing the change in the individual by promoted position; identity performativity in different places; speech strategies (speech patterning, speech correction and parody) and the invisible problems caused by categorization.　Considering a concrete example, I point out that there are three phases (political, social, and self) in Chugoku-zanryu nihonjin’s identity performativity. But conventional studies have focused attention solely on political identity performativity, as the life world has been drawn only partially. This paper introduces some new knowledge for an approach to their life world through the empirical analysis of a concrete illustration.
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