ソシオロジ
Online ISSN : 2188-9406
Print ISSN : 0584-1380
ISSN-L : 0584-1380
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53 巻, 1 号
通巻　162号
選択された号の論文の16件中1～16を表示しています
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論文
  • 山間地域にみる社会関係のダイナミズム
    階層流動下で躍進する人物を手がかりとして
    福田 恵
    2008 年 53 巻 1 号 p. 3-20,202
    発行日: 2008/05/31
    公開日: 2015/06/06
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14959/soshioroji.53.1_3
    ジャーナル フリー
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    　In recent years, the rethinking of social change in the mountainous areas of Japan has often been the subject of debate. But social relations in mountain villages require further discussion. In particular, very few attempts have been made to analyze “the dynamism of social relations,” changes in social stratification and the reformation of human relationships. The purpose of this paper is to clarify the dynamics of social relations through the agency of the individual by presenting a historical analysis of a village in Hyogo Prefecture.　Since the beginning of the Meiji period, the village studied has undergone major changes in terms of its social stratification. Economically deprived households have longed for the emergence of successful people in the village and have depended on them in various ways. Families that experienced downward mobility have either left the village or remained behind and supported the activities of these successful individuals. These successful, enterprising men developed exterior networks, brokered new jobs and introduced new forms of culture to the village. Macroscopically, this process readied these mountainous areas for development by the government, the market economy and mass media. However, inhabitants saw this macroscopic change as a process in which a man of enterprise had put a new face on adverse circumstances.　This historical study is significant as follows: first, it will be helpful to an understanding of human relations in contemporary mountainous areas. Secondly, no previous study has attempted to describe a mountain village in light of the dynamism of social relations through the agency of the individual. Further research on this dynamic would clarify the latent possibilities of social revival in a situation that is critical, and the social potency of the individual in mountainous areas.
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  • 近代社会における帰責のロジックとしての信頼
    信頼論はいかにして信頼を記述するのか
    畠山 洋輔
    2008 年 53 巻 1 号 p. 21-36,201
    発行日: 2008/05/31
    公開日: 2015/06/06
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14959/soshioroji.53.1_21
    ジャーナル フリー
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    　Trust is a theme that has been focused on recently in a variety of fields, especially the social sciences. In trust theories, trust is thought to make political and economic mechanisms function effectively, thus enabling smooth interactions on a daily level. However, against the background of the rise of trust theory, there still remains a sense of crisis pertaining to the loss of trust in a highly complex modern society. This study aims to explore how problematic situations are described with “trust.”　Trust theories can be grouped into four categories in keeping with their approach: the psychological approach, the rational approach, the cultural approach, and the functional approach. Many of these theories assume that trust is something good as well as a form of social capital.　When they explain problematic situations, they use “trust” as the logic of responsibility attribution similar to law, morality, and science. However, when compared with law, morality, and science, trust does not have to be provided for in advance in order to be applied as the logic of responsibility attribution. Trust theories thus offer a foundation for daily life and trust becomes more important in reflexive modern society.　However, there is no guarantee that trust solves problems. “Trust,” when used as the logic of responsibility attribution in explanations by trust theories, can potentially form a blank discourse circulation centered on “trust,” which accompanies the discourse of loss and recovery. Trust theory that aims to reconstruct “true trust” only bears a part of this circulation. Thus, we need to consider what trust is lost, and also what and how trust should be recovered.
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  • ブルデューにおける界概念
    理論と調査の媒介として
    磯 直樹
    2008 年 53 巻 1 号 p. 37-53,200
    発行日: 2008/05/31
    公開日: 2015/06/06
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14959/soshioroji.53.1_37
    ジャーナル フリー
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    　In this paper I will first introduce Bourdieu’s idea of field, a network, or configuration, of objective relations between positions. Then I will show how it integrates theory and empirical research. In the history of Sociology, the relationship between theory and empirical research has been a grand theme, and Bourdieu was committed to integrating the two throughout his career.　I will also examine the work of Blumer, an important predecessor to Bourdieu. While both his “sensitizing concept” and his “definitive concept” have limits, Bourdieu’s “open concepts” which include habitus, capital and field have more possibilities and significances than Blumer’s. The field is a social sphere which has a limit around itself and each has its own rules within. For Bourdieu, the field is considered together with habitus and capital, and also as a part of his theory of practice. The concept of field enables us to analyze social phenomena for which we have lacked a theoretical framework. We can also use the concept of field to relate and integrate differentempirical research. One example can be found in the study of social difference.　Bourdieu’s sociology makes sense in combination with the works of other sociologists because it owes so much to them. We should ask the question “Bourdieu and what else?” rather than think in terms of a dichotomy such as “Bourdieu or not.” This will lead to a productive discussion.
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  • 仕事場における資源としてのインスクリプションの役割
    酒蔵を事例として
    岩谷 洋史
    2008 年 53 巻 1 号 p. 55-72,199
    発行日: 2008/05/31
    公開日: 2015/06/06
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14959/soshioroji.53.1_55
    ジャーナル フリー
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    　This article focuses on the everyday practices of kurabito, the Japanese Sake manufacturers, in a sakagura, a small-scale brewery, in Kansai, Japan. Particular attention is paid to the action of inscribing ― “writing,” “marking” or “curving”- at various places in the brewery. Data for this study was collected through participant observation at the brewery in the seven years since 2001.　I will suggest that the technology of inscribing is indispensable to contemporary Japanese Sake brewing. Every day, many and various inscriptions are produced by the kurabito in the brewery. Utilizing them, the kurabito are able to visualize the brewing itself, and to make it understandable to themselves. These inscriptions are important tools in the process of making Sake. In fact it can be said that they are embedded in the situation. Moreover, I point out that these practices also construct a community of the kurabito in the workplace.　Understanding such things, we cannot simply think that Sake brewing is a result of the expression and realization of the knowledge of brewing, which it is assumed are internalized deeply in the workers’ bodies. Rather, we find that Sake brewing is carried out through successive negotiations, which are restrained socially and physically, between the workers’ bodies and the materials through these tools.
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  • 集合行為フレームの相互作用から見る抗議運動の変容過程
    滋賀県志賀町における大型廃棄物処理施設建設問題を事例として
    宮本 結佳
    2008 年 53 巻 1 号 p. 73-89,198
    発行日: 2008/05/31
    公開日: 2015/06/06
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.14959/soshioroji.53.1_73
    ジャーナル フリー
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    　Based upon the controversial case of the construction of a large-scale waste disposal facility in the Shiga Township, Shiga Prefecture, Japan, this paper attempts to clarify the following: why it was possible for a protest movement to become successful in the election and recall which were the focus of the movement in the beginning, and why the protest movement was confronted with difficulties afterwards and allowed the construction plan to move forward. In this regard, the author emphasizes how the collective action frames of the proponent and opponent groups were built, and how these collective action frames interacted with each other. Making use of the above analysis, the possibility and the issue of the solution of environmental problems by environmental movements are considered.　In this paper, first, the logical issues of the framing concept are presented, and the analytical perspectives used herein are described. Secondly, the regional characteristics of the Shiga Township and the development of the construction issue in the Shiga Township are clarified. Thirdly, based on this information, the time spanning across four elections and a recall involving the subject dispute is divided into two periods, the first in which the protest movement achieved a victory and the second in which the protest movement suffered a setback. Then, with a special attention to collective action frames, their transformation is explained. Finally, the results of the analyses are organized, and the possibility and the issue of the solution of environmental problems by environmental movements are considered.
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