Journal of the Anthropological Society of Nippon

Notes on the “pipe for inflating a float”of the Neolithic Age in Japan

ISAMU KONO

1939 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages 41-53
Published: 1939
Released on J-STAGE: February 23, 2011

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1537/ase1911.54.41

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Of the artifacts of the neolithic age in Japan, one is made of a deer's antler in the form of a skittle with a funnel-shaped hole running through it (Figs.1, &2).It is discovered among the shell-mounds in Kanto and Tohoku (the Eastern and North-eastern parts of Japan Proper).The late Prof.TSUBOI named it.“Ukibukuro-no-kuchi” (a“pipe for inflating a float”) with the explanation that it has the same use as the pipe for inflating a float, attatched to the harpoon which the Eskimo uses for seal-hunting (Fig.3).
This“Ukibukuro-no-kuchi”can be classified into six types, viz.A, B, C, D, E, F, and sub-types C1, C2, D1, D2 according to the slight difference of the shape in which it may be found.Type A is what may be called a prototype, and B, C, D, E, F are its variants.(Fig 2).Types A, C, D were first used most frequently in the middle of the late neolithic age in Kanto and were immediately afterwards distributed to Tohoku.Types B, E, F came into existence later, perhaps towards the end of the late neolithic age.
It is doubtful whether these implements were used as a pipe for inflating a float.Many points of interest found in them have led me to hazard a conjecture that they may have been bow-edges that were put to the ends of a bow, not for, a practical purpose, but as ornaments or ceremonial articles.

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Fishing in Yap

KENICHI SUGIURA

1939 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages 54-66
Published: 1939
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1537/ase1911.54.54

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The fishing is one of the most important ways of sustenance of daily life for the Yap Islanders.The fishing in shallow waters of the lagoon differs from that on the open sea.The latter is not only purely economic pursuit but also has its social and religious meanings.
The fishing on the open sea is done as one of the village affairs and taboos are observed by the whole members, who are obliged to live together in falu (club house) during this season. The fishing is leaded by pilung ko fita (chief of the fishing) who is a village official and the same time a skilful expert and magician of the fishing.His standing and privilage are succeeded by the paternal elder member of the pilung ko fita's family.The typical fishing methods are 1.magal and-2.athing.
1.magal fishing-This continues one or two months during the southwest-wind season.Fifteen fishermen get into a canoe at night, two of them having torches, others having tseu (large hand net) and scooping the fish which come under the light of the torch (fig.1, and 2.)
2.athing fishing-About thirty-two fishermen get into two canoes.This fishing is done by a nug (very long drag-net, 2m.wide and 40m.long) which is stretched between the canoes.The fishermen spread the nug in a large semicircle, and enclose the fish in a circle and catch them.
For the fishing in lagoon, following four kinds of implements are used:
1.Fish net: (a) nug (drag-net) little one used in the lagoon, (b) scoop net.There are three types: tseu (hand net) little one used in the lagoon, kef (scoop net) and magago (sledge form scoop net).2.Fish hook: (a) tortoise-shell hook, (b) hook which is composed of tortoise-shell and other shells, (c) gaparpar, consisting of two little straight wooden hooks.3.Creel and fishing-bulwarks.4.Fishing speer.5.Carb trap.

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[title in Japanese]

[in Japanese]

1939 Volume 54 Issue 2 Pages 67-85
Published: 1939
Released on J-STAGE: June 28, 2010

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1537/ase1911.54.67

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