21 cases, diagnosed as meconium ileus or fibrocystic disease of the pancreas in Japan, were reviewed. However, it is very important to decipher whether these cases are typical or not from the view point of the diagnostic criteria presented by di Sant'Agnese. The majority of the cases which were reported as fibrocystic disease of the pancreas in Japan was diagnosed by similar clinical symptoms of fibrocystic disease of the pancreas and histological findings of the pancreas, but with no complete laboratory data. 187 autopsy cases, under 5 years of age, who expired under similar conditions of fatal complication of fibrocystic disease, were examined histologically. Results were as follows: 1. Inspissated material in acini, found by doctors A and B, was in 16.5% and 16.6% of 187 cases respectively. 2. Inspissated material in pancreatic ducts was found in 25.1% and 20.8%. 3. Cystic dilatation of the acini or ducts was found in 9.1% and 8.3%. 4. Fibrosis of the pancreas was seen in 14.4% and 6.7%. Then, it should be emphasized that laboratory data, especially results of the sweat test, are most important in the correct diagnosis of the fibrocystic disease of the pancreas in Japan, because so many autopsy cases, under 5 years of age, showed fibrocystic changes of the pancreas.

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Seventeen amino acids in the serum were determined on patients with gastric cancer and gastric ulcer, and on normal individuals by the chromatographic procedure. In the serum of patients with gastric cancer, the amounts of serine, praline, glycine, alanine, valine, leucine and arginine were lower and those of glutamic acid and methionine higher than in normal individuals. Serum amino acids levels in postoperative gastric cancer and gastric ulcer cases were also studied. The number of unknown peaks of ninhydrin positive compounds other than amino acids increased in the serum of patients with gastric cancer. The results were statistically analysed.

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Intima cushion obstructing the lumen of small pulmonary arteries of the fetus and newborn was studied histologically on the lungs of 314 autopsy cases, less than 6 months of age. Together with these, 31 fetuses were also examined. The results are as follows: 1. The intima cushion develops in the later stage of intrauterine life and is encountered most frequently at the perinatal period. It begins the involution immediately after birth. The oldest case with the cushion was 8 days of age. 2. The intima cushion is composed of the overgrowth of immature media muscle cells protruding into the vascular lumen, which becomes subsequently flattened and disappears physiologically after birth with dilatation of the arterial lumen due to increased pulmonary blood flow. 3. The intima cushion may regulate the fetal pulmonary circulation by way of blocking the blood stream to alveolar capillaries, whereas, it should impede the pulmonary circulation, if it remains still after the birth. 4. Massive aspiration of amniotic fluid in perinatal period may cause the persistence of intima cushion which aggravates the pulmonary circulation. Retardation of amniotic fluid absorption, pulmonary edema, exudation and alveolar hemorrhage due to anoxia may be superimposed on this condition. 5. The intima cushion is not a vascular anomaly and no relationship is established between this structure and the cardiac anomalies.

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Male Wister rats were exposed to a single dosis of X-ray, 500 r, 700 r and 1000 r respectively, and the processes of injury and regeneration of their bone marrow were studied hematologically, histologically, electron microscopically, histochemically, and histoautoradiographically. Structural and cytological alterations of the bone marrow tissue, especially of the hematopoietic cells as well as of the reticuloendothelial cells at the injured phase were described. Distribution of the regenerative foci of myeloid and erythroid cells in the bone marrow was examined by serial sectioning. Prior to the recovery of the peripheral leucocyte count, regeneration of the immature myeloid cells in the bone marrow appeared, of which feature was demonstrated with the myelograms and electron micrographs. Stress was given on the movement of blastic cells and non-phagocytic reticular cells which were found particularly dominant in the subsinusoidal region in the control and in this experimental animals. At the regenerative phase, those blastic cells labeled with 3H-thymidine increased in number, especially significantly in the subsinusoidal layer. Non-phagocytic reticular cells were also found proliferated in this area. It was evidenced that the bone marrow fat cells could be derived from those subsinusoidal non-phagocytic reticular cells. However, it was still obscure in this study whether or not such subsinusoidal reticular cells had a potency to differentiate into other kinds of bone marrow cells related to actual hematopoiesis.

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This study has been performed to determine how far the atrophic change of the pars alveolaris, caused by the loss of teeth, is influenced by age, sex, number of missing teeth and lapse of time after tooth extraction. The materials used in this study were seventy-four mongrel dogs, which contained fourty-six animals extracted on the lower right posterior teeth. They were divided into eight groups and two subgroups according to age, sex, number of extracted teeth and time after extraction of teeth. Their mandibles were measured bilaterally in square measure of the frontal section at the lower fourth premolar, the lower first and the lower second molar, and the measurement on the right side, or the operated side, and the same on the left side, or the control side, were compared in order to estimate changes in the form of the edentulous mandibular body. The results were as follows: The areal decrease of the frontal section on the edentulous mandibular body takes place in almost all cases, and furthermore the decrease occurs on the dentulous portion being adjacent to the edentulous. The growing show higher degree of the areal decrease than the mature, but these degrees do not vary significantly between the male and the female, and also between the groups extracted on M1 and M3M2M1P4P3P2P1. The square measure of the edentulous mandibular body in the growing decreases markedly during six months after tooth extraction, but subsequently remains constant. On the contrary, in the mature it remains rather fluctuant during twenty-four months after tooth extraction with the exception of the frontal section on the lower first molar.

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