New antibiotics which consist of pigment-carbohydrate-protein, prunacetin A and CM -1 (E), were isolated from the culture filtrate of Str. griseus var. purpureus strain CD-270. The prosthetic groups of the substances were related to griseorhodins. Both prunacetin A and CM-1 (E) were active on gram positive bacteria especially on corynebacteria and on HeLa cell culture. The former was active on Ehrlich and Sarcoma-180 solid tumors but the latter was Jess active on the same tumors, although both substances failed to inhibit ascites types of tumors. Both prunacetin A and CM- 1 (E) showed marked hypotensive effect on rabbit blood pressure accompanied by the change of respiration. The latter was rather active on the hypotensive effect than the former. Furthermore, remarkable amelioration of the hypotension by bilateral vagotomy was observed by the administration of synthetic adrenocortical hormone. The details on the taxonomic study of strain CD-270, on the production, isolation and purification of active substances, on their physicochemical characteristics and on their biological properties are described.

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More than twenty cases of meconium ileus or fibrocystic disease of the pancreas in Japanese children were reported, only four of which were examined for sweat electrolytes. Two cases out of the four, including our case, showed abnormally high sweat electrolyte levels with a reasonable ratio of sodium to chloride. The majority of cases reported, in Japan, as fibrocystic disease of the pancreas was diagnosed on the basis of clinical symptoms of the disease and on the findings of fibrocystic changes of the pancreas. According to the analysis of the 46 cases, selected from 422 autopsy cases, fibrocystic changes of the pancreas were found. It is known that fibrocystic changes of the pancreas is not a specific change in fibrocystic disease, but is the result of miscellaneous unknown causes. Therefore, the results of the sweat test should be recorded, besides the histological findings of the pancreas, in cases reported as fibrocystic disease of the pancreas in Oriental races. A case of fibrocystic disease of the pancreas diagnosed by clinical symptoms, findings of the chest X-ray, and the results of abnormally high sweat electrolyte levels with reasonable ratio of sodium to chloride, was also reported.

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Experimental studies on the effects of SO2, NO2 and a mixed SO2-NO2 gas ­the most important air pollutants at present- on the human pulmonary functions were carried out, measuring the values of ventilatory mechanics, of spirometry and of peak flow rate, and following results were obtained. The effects of SO2, are immediate but not durable. Those of NO2, on the contrary, are late-acting and durable. As for those of a mixed SO2-NO, gas, they are intermediate between those for single NO2, and SO2, showing no cumulative actions of the two gases, but only additive ones. Such differences of the effects between two gases are supposed to be attributed to the grade of water solubility of each gas-SO2, is easy soluble and NO2, difficult soluble.

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The dimensional changes and distortions of the castings made by the following four techniques were compared: (1) the hygroscopic expansion technique by water addition, (2) the conventional thermal expansion technique with wet asbestos lining, (3) the improved thermal expansion technique with dry asbestos lining using a commercial investment and (4) the same technique using a modified experimental investment having a small setting expansion. The U-form wax patterns were invested in rings varying position and direction and the changes of the transverse dimension of the castings at the levels of the occlusal floor and the cervical ends were determined by placing them on the original mold. The changes at the level of the cervical ends were used for comparing the mold expansions and the differences between the changes at the two levels were used for comparing distortions opening the cervical ends. Findings were as follows: 1) The hygroscopic expansion technique showed the greatest variation in mold expansion depending on the position and direction of the wax patterns in rings and also the greatest distortions. 2) The conventional thermal expansion technique showed the next greatest variation and distortion. 3) The improved thermal expansion technique with dry asbestos lining remarkably decreased the variation and distortion using the same commercial investment as used in the above technique, though it did not completely eliminate them. 4) The improved thermal expansion technique using a modified experimental investment having the ideal 0.05 per cent setting expansion could completely eliminate the variation and distortion. Its total expansion was, however, yet insufficient for clinical use.

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Twenty strains of Mycoplasma were isolated from healthy human saliva at the frequence of 20/45 individuals anaerobically. But no strains could be isolated aerobically. Biologically, all the isolates were identified with M. salivarium. But they were separated into 2 groups (Group 1 and Group 2), by size of colonies, growth rate, resistance and serological properties. That is, Group 1 was shown to be smaller in size of colonies, later in growth rate, and more labile to heat, carbol and crystal violet than Group 2, and the former was shown to differ serologically from the latter. By the examination of serological relationship between recognized Mycoplasma strains (M. salivarium and M. orale) and the strains isolated in this study, it was demonstrated that the strains of Group 1 (15 of 20 isolates, 75%) and Group 2 (5 of 20 isolates, 25%) were identical with M. orale and with M. salivarium respectively. And it was shown that both M. salivarium and M. orale were common in. habitants in human saliva, and that the differentiation of two species, which has been based mainly on their serological properties, would be also possible by the colony size, by the growth rate and by the resistance against heat, carbol and crystal violet.

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Although no effect on den tin formation was seen following voluntary alcohol consumption in the hamster for a period of 11 weeks, the dentin that was formed and calcified during the several days after abrupt withdrawal of alcohol was weakly stainable with hematoxylin. Similar qualitative changes of a lesser degree were also observed in the dentin formed after repeated administration of an intoxicating dose of alcohol. It was suggested that the effects of alcohol on the dentin formation were causally related to the non-specific stress induced by an intoxicating dose of alcohol and / or the withdrawal of alcohol.

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The afferent impulses were recorded from the chorda tympani appling the taste stimuli to the rat tongue, as summated response by new summator with high accuracy instead of the integrator. The impulses/0.1 sec to the Na com-pounds (NaCl, HCOONa, CH3COONa, C2H5COONa and (CHOH)2(COONa)2) increased with their concentration (0.1-1.0 M) and decreased with the lengthening of the anion chain in case of monovalents, but not in divalent. Below 0.5 M solutions of K compounds (KCl, CH3COOK, C2H5COOK), similar results were obtained but the number of impulses was less than with Na compounds. The relations of C/ I-C were linear (I=the total number of impulses for 1, 2, and 3 sec, C=the concentration of Na compounds), but the equilibrium constant (K) was not peculiar to the chemical substances. The same linear relation as above was observed only in case of KCl (below 0.5 M). The responses to 0.5 M NaCl, KCl, CaCl2, and 0.1 M quinine HCl were analyzed statistically, a specific temporal pattern was found for each chemical substance. Based on the experimental results, the stimulating mechanism of chemical substances to taste receptor was discussed.

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1. Nine cases of adenomatoid ameloblastoma were reviewed and analyzed from the clinical and pathological points. Moreover, the tumors were studied electron microscopically and histochemically. 2. The adenomatoid ameloblastoma was more common in female and mostly occurred in the second decade of life. The lesion occurred frequently in the incisor-cuspid-premolar regions, and the mandible was more affected than maxilla in our cases. 3. A direct transition between the duct-like lumen and the degenerated stroma was demonstrated histologically. By electron microscope, basal lamina along the lumen was ascertained and fibrillar structure of the connective tissue was found in the lumina. It seems reasonable to assume that the duct-like structure is considered to be not a genuine duct but be formed by degeneration of the stromal tissue. 4. The real nature of the eosinophilic substance in the lumina could not be determined. By electron microscope, it appeared to be amorphous or fibrillar structure. The substance in the parenchyma might be different from that in the lumina in the chemical composition. 5. Most of the calcified substance is thought to be dystrophic calcification. 6. Histogenetically, enamel organ or its cell rests might be the most reason able origin, but definite derivation could not be determined. 7. Histochemically, acid phosphatase activity was found in the spindle cdl areas of the tumor.

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