For a period from 1956 to 1968 environment factors in various places on an oil tanker sailing on the Persian Gulf route were studied during her voyage, and it was found that the environmental temperature was improved obviously after installation of an air-conditioning equipment. Physique of the seamen was not much different from those of land workers but they were rather overweight as known from their body weight and subcutaneous fat. It was considered to be due to the rationalization and automation of equipments on board, which caused the limited number steps per day and lack of exercise. Blood pressure had been relatively low but, after installation of the air-conditioning equipment, mean values of the systolic and diastolic pressures indicated a slight rise. Total cholesterol in serum was found to be low in seamen. It was assumed to be due to insufficient nutrition qualitatively, in spite of being supplied with enough calories. As there was an individual likes and dislikes in food, there were a lot of leftover food in every meal, which were supplied with extra night snacks at their own expenditure.
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