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Volume 81, Issue 8
Displaying 1-7 of 7 articles from this issue
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HIROSHI MIYAHARA, YUKOU KITAO, MASAHIRO OHBUCHI, MICHIO TOHYA, TAKEO S ...1978 Volume 81 Issue 8 Pages 771-779
Published: August 20, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA case of squamous cell carcinoma occurring simultaneously in the larynx (T2NO) and hypopharynx (T2NO) was reported. A 64-year-old man complained of hoarseness without other symptoms. He was a heavy smoker (30 cigarettes a day) and also heavy drinker since youth.
On the otolaryngological examinations, tumor of the left vocal cord with impaired movement was observed, and biopsy showed well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma.
When the patient was operated, another tumor was observed, in the hypopharynx and pharyngolaryngectomy was performed. Pathological findings of the hypopharyngeal tumor showed also well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. Supraglottic metaplasia was in the grade II by Pyronin Y staining method.
Double cancers of the larynx and hypopharynx were found only in 4 cases including this case in the Japanese literature. Simultaneous primary cancers were seen in 2 cases.
We had found multiple primary cancers in 7.0% of 63 cases of laryngeal cancers. Multicentric canceration was always controversial in laryngeal cancers.
On the other hand, the patients with cancer in the hypopharynx have a high risk (12.7%) in vulnerability from cancer of the digestive system where dysplastic changes occur in the epithelial layer. Multifocal field carcinogenesis should be considered in hypopharyngeal cancers.
So the importance of careful examination and long-term follow-up was emphasized in a case of rare tumors in the oro-respiratory system.View full abstractDownload PDF (2130K) -
SEIKO OYAIZU1978 Volume 81 Issue 8 Pages 780-788
Published: August 20, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA standard olfactory acuity test was performed on 296 patients with olfactory disturb. ances. These patients were classified into 4 groups, based on clinical examinations including anterior rhinoscopy, X-ray examination, intravenous olfaction test by alinamine and observation of the olfactory epithelium by selfox endoscopy. These groups were; Group A, with respiratory olfactory disturbance (9 cases), B, with epithelial olfactory disturbance (75 cases), C, with combined olfactory disturbance (184 cases), and D, with central olfactory disturbance (28 cases). In addition, 32 normal subjects with anterior nasal packings by small cotton filters were also examined as Group, E, having artificial respiratory olfactory disturbance.
The results were as follows:
1) The detection threshold and the recognition threshold were scaled out in more than 50% of B, C and D groups. In A and E groups, there was an elevation in both thresholds.
2) There was no conceivable difference in the threshold for the 5 standard odors (β-phenyl ethyl alcohol, iso-valeric acid, methyl cyclopentenolone, γ-undecalactone and scatol) in each case.
3) The difference between the detection and the recognition thresholds in Group E was under the level of 2, i. e., within the range of normal variation. A similar result was obtained in Group A. However, the difference was larger in B, C and D groups.
4) The cause of respiratory olfactory disturbance in group A was considered to be due to the disturbance of air flow to reach the olfactory area, while in group E, it should be due to the disturbance to reach the entire nasal cavity. Thus, the difference in the threshold between A and E must originate from the condition whether the odors reaches only the olfactory area or the entire nasal cavity.
5) The difference in the threshold between A, E groups and B, C, D, groups was considered to be due to whether the perception of odors at the olfactory area was normal.
6) It was assumed that the detection threshold was related to the perception at other parts of the nasal cavity than the olfactory area.
By using the standard olfactory acuiy test, topical diagnosis of olfactory disturbance can be easily conducted.View full abstractDownload PDF (538K) -
YASUO WATANABE, HITOSHI OGINO, SHUNICHI SAKAI, MASANAO OKADA, MASAMITS ...1978 Volume 81 Issue 8 Pages 789-796
Published: August 20, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: December 08, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAn autopsy case of malignant granuloma of the nose with intestinal involvement was presented.
A male, aged 24, who developed rightnasal obstruction and bleeding, visited us on April 10, 1974. On examination, necrotic granulom atous changes of the right turbinate were found.
Repeatd biopsies of the nasal lesion, however, showed only inflammatory changes and necrosis. He did not respond to antibiotics and corticosteroid therapy, and malignant lymphoma of the nose was suspected. A satisfactory response was obtained by radiation therapy. Four months later, he had pain of the right eye and exophthalmus. Biopsy of the nasal lesion revealed infiltration of atypical histiocytes.
Inspite of irradiation, antibiotics and corticosteroid therapy, he complained of severe pain in the orbit and over the abdomen.
Laparotomy revealed many necrotic lesions of small intestine with a perforation, and microscopic examination of the lesion showed diffuse infiltration of atypical histiocytes into the muscle of small intestine, and also atrophy of the muscle.
He died of bleeding from the small intestine after 6 months from the oncet. Autopsy
disclosed diffuse infiltration of atypical histiocytes into many organs, stomach, duodenum, small intestine, pancreas, kidney et al.
Based on the experiences of the similar 10 cases, the following points were stressed.
1) In the non-healing granuloma of the nose, there are at least 2 different diseases, one reticulum cell sarcoma or malignant reticulosis, another Wegener's granulomatosis. Initial changes of the diseases are similar and biopsies of the lesions show only the same inflammatory changes and necrosis.
2) One must consider malignant reticulosis rather than Wegener's granulomatosis in case showing no characterisic laboratory findings of Wegener's granulomatosis.........elevated BSR, Positive RA, decreased A/G ratio, elevated Ig, IgG, IgA and serum complement level.
3) When a patient with no definite histopathological features and laboratory findings develops abdominal pain, intermittent fever, jaundice or dyspnea in times, the infiltration of atypical histiocytes to the intestine, kidney, lung or pericardium should be suspected.View full abstractDownload PDF (2142K) -
MOTOAKI ARAKI, KOHJI TOKUMASU, KIMIHISA NOMURA, MASAAKI MIYAHARA, SUSU ...1978 Volume 81 Issue 8 Pages 797-803
Published: August 20, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFour kinds of vestibular function test, such as rail test, twice-rotating stepping test, walking test and one-foot standing test with a posture of an airplane-form, had been carried in 4319 pupils of seven primary schools and five middle schools in Kanagawa prefecture in both 1975 and 1976.
Mean values of the scores and their standard deviations on those examinations were obtained. Correlation coefficients between each pair of values, which were scores on four kinds of equilibrium test, a grade in school, a Rohrer index and a gymnastic record in school, were calculated by using an electronic computor of FACOM 230-38. Correlation between a grade in school and each score on equilibrium function tests were recognized with significance at the error level of 0.1%. However, the vestibular function in boys was not different from the function in girls at significant level. The children living in the suburbs showed better scores on rail test, twice-rotating stepping test and walking test than the children who live in the city.
The difference observed on those equilibrium function tests between the two groups was confirmed staistically with significance at the error level of 0.1%.View full abstractDownload PDF (544K) -
PART II: CROSS SECTIONAL ANATOMY OF THE NORMAL HUMAN TEMPORAL BONESATUSHI SHINKAWA1978 Volume 81 Issue 8 Pages 804-811
Published: August 20, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe study of cross sectional anatomy of the normal human temporal bones was performed by macrosections, Softex radiographs and tomographs.
The temporal bones, taken at autopsy, were sectioned tomographically in planes similar to those employed in clinical examination, then they were decalcified, and macrosections in the desired planes were made by cutting 2mm. thick with a commercial meat slicer. Then Softex radiographs of the macrosections were taken with a low intensity x-ray machine.
Their comparative study demonstrated that macrosections of the normal middle and inner ear structures were useful for analysis of tomograms, and that Softex radiographs of the macrosections with 2mm of depth could elucidate details of the tomographic sections of the temporal bones.View full abstractDownload PDF (4086K) -
TADAHIKO INO, KAZUTOSHI MIZOI1978 Volume 81 Issue 8 Pages 812-819
Published: August 20, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of the present study is to clarify the origins of auditory brain stem responses. We recorded the auditory brain stem responses by three ortho-diagonal leads (X-axis; right ear lobe to left ear lobe, Y-axis; vertex to submental, Z-axis; forehead to inion). We studied the wave-forms on each three plane, frontal, sagittal and horizontal, and analysed their vectors on the basis of Lissajous' figure. Lissajous' figures revealed the following facts.
1) Vector of N1 is almost horizontal and directs toward the non-stimulated side.
2) N2 seems to be derived from the double firings of the auditory nevers and cochlear nuclei.
3) Origins of N3 are the activities of the circuits of the auditory pathways in the brain stem.
4) Vector of N5 is the largest of five responses, and directs toward the fronto-parietal region, tilting slightly to the non-stimulated side.View full abstractDownload PDF (499K) -
HIGH-SPEED CINEMATOGRAPHIC INVESTIGATION OF NORMAL SUBJECTSMINORU HIRANO, HIROSHI KAWASAKI, SATORU MATSUSHITA, YUICHI TOH1978 Volume 81 Issue 8 Pages 820-826
Published: August 20, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: March 19, 2008
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSVocal fold vibration of three normal male adults was quantitatively measured with the use of ultra-high-speed cinematography. The parameters measured were fundamental period, glottal area, cpen quotient, speed index, and amplitude and speed of horizontal excursion of the edge of the vocal fold. In order to investigate cycle-tc-cycle variations of vibratory pattern, mean value, range, standard deviation and coefficient of variation of twenty successive cycles were calculated for each parameter.
The results are as follows: (1) The mean value of the fundamental period was 8.10, 7.63 and 8.41 msec, respectively. The coefficient of variation was 2.47, 1.97 and 3.33%. (2) Glottal area, measured in an arbitrary unit, showed a coefficient of variation of less than 9% in all the subjects. (3) Open quotient (OQ) and speed index (SI) varied from subject to subject, presumably depending on the interaction of the glottal adjustment and expiratory force. However, the standard deviation of OQ was less than 0.03, the coefficient of variation of OQ was less than 5%, and the standard deviation of SI was less than 0.1 in all the subjects. (4) The maximum amplitude of horizontal excursion was approximately from 1 to 1.5mm. The coefficient of variation was less than 3.5% in all the subjects. (5) The speed of horizontal excursion ranged from 0.4 to 0.8m/sec for opening, and from 0.2 to 0.8m/sec for closing. The coef ficient of variation was less than 8%. (6) The cycle-to-cycle variations of all the parameters in any subject presented no trend line but showed a random type of variation.View full abstractDownload PDF (439K)
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