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Volume 27 (1978)
- Issue 4 Pages 135-
- Issue 3 Pages 91-
- Issue 2 Pages 45-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 27, Issue 2
Displaying 1-6 of 6 articles from this issue
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KUNIATSU NAGAMI1978 Volume 27 Issue 2 Pages 45-55
Published: June 01, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study is to investigate role of extension-flexion movement (Reactive Action) on exertion of flexor muscular strength in the upper arm.
There were three types in the reactive actions based on the different activities of flexor muscles. First type (Type I) was obtained when the load (1006 P0, 30% P0) applied in the flexor. Second type (Typ II) was obtained when the flexor started to contract after being quikly stretched. Third type (Type III) was obtained with the same manner as Type II, but flexor was stretched more slowly.
Effect of each type movements were compared its power and velocity with the results obtained by flexion movement (Control) from the same angle, which the elbow extended in 3 type movements.
1) The power was the largest in Type III, the ratio of reactive action/control was significant. (p<0.05)
2) In comparison the velocity in reactive action with it in control, Type II was faster.
3) These results suggest closed relationship between the flexor activity and the velocity in elbow extension. The each extension velocities was in order that, Type II, I and III.
4) Two kinds in the EMG of triceps were obserbed in Type II. One activated triceps in extension, but the other. But the extension velocity was slower the faster.
5) The characteristics of extension in all subjects were investigated by EMG during elbow extension. The EMG of extensor had two kinds as the same as Type II. During the relaxation, the extensor remained weak discharge in the subjects, who the extensor activity was recognized in Type II.
These results should suggest that there are different muscular activities in order to exert the power and velocitty.View full abstractDownload PDF (2933K) -
TOSHIO YAMADA, SHOBU SATOH, NOBUO TANAKA, YASUTOSHI SENGA, HIDESHI HAS ...1978 Volume 27 Issue 2 Pages 56-63
Published: June 01, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPhysiological responses to heat and heat tolerance were examined in summer and winter on 13 male athletic university students and male nonathletec university students. After staying for 30 min. in a climatic chamber maintained at 30°C with 70% relative humidity, sweating reaction was examined far 90 min, by immersing both legs up to the knees in a stirring water bath of 42°C.
Both groups showed significantly greater sweat volume, significantly lower Na concentration in sweat and considerably lower rise in rectal temperature and less increase in heart rate in summer than in winter. In both seasons, athletes showed smaller volume of sweat, lower Na concentration in sweat, lower rise in rectal temperature and less increase in heart rate than nonathletes.
It is concluded that heat tolerance of athletes was superior to that of nonathletes when assessed by our heat tolerance indices and this superior heat tolerance of athletes could be explained due to a result of physical training. Heat tolerance index, representing the magnitude of physiological strain in the body induced by heat load, was modified by using relative increase in heart rate in place of salt loss. It can be said that the modified heat tolerance index is useful as a substitute of the original heat tolerance index in field studies.View full abstractDownload PDF (937K) -
KATSUTOSHI OGO, YOSHIFUMI SHINDATE, SHUNICHI NOMIYAMA, HISAHIRO MATSUM ...1978 Volume 27 Issue 2 Pages 64-72
Published: June 01, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFourteen female handball players who were candidates for Olympic representative team were asked to run 12 minutes, and the relationship between the variation of the urinary components and the variations of the running speed and the heart beats was researched.
The obtained results in short are in the following:
1) The covered distance of the 12-minute running was from 2, 385 meters to 3, 050 meters, and the average was 2, 830±196.6 meters.
2) The heart beat rate quickly recovered for about 5 minutes after running, and then gradually reduced; after 30 minutes the rate was considerably higher than the level before the running in many cases.
3) The urinary volume was obviously less after the running than that before it.
4) The 1-hour after urine including the running time contained much pyruvates and lactates exhausted therein, and then the excretion amount reduced to the previous level. The ratios of Pyruvic acid/Creatinine and Lactic acid/Creatinine showed similar tendencies. The ratio of Pyruvic acid/Creatinine before the running against that after the running showed positive correlation with the running speed more than 230m/min., but showed a negative correlation clearly with the recovering rate of the heart beat after 30 minutes being higher than 60%. It suggests that the excretion of urinary pyruvate increase with more anaerobic factors for energy production under the conditions of the higher speed running and the larger oxygen debt.
5) The urinary citrate obviously decreased just after the running, but in recovered considerably in the urine obtained after 2 hours. The ratio of Citric acid/Creatinine was low just after the running. The variations appears not to be simply due to the reduction of renal clearance.
6) The urinary creatinine tended to reduce in the urine obtained 1-hour after the running, and particularly with the urinary pyruvate more than 50μg/ml there was observed clear negative correlation with creatinine which showed lower concentration with more anaerobic factors; it suggests some reduction of renal clearance.View full abstractDownload PDF (846K) -
KATSUTOSHI OGO, TAKEAKI INOMOTO, SHUNICHI NOMIYAMA, YOSHIO SAWADA1978 Volume 27 Issue 2 Pages 73-80
Published: June 01, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFor revealing the post exercise proteinuria, the variation of leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) and γ-glutamyltranspeptidase (γ-GTP) activities were observed to know the fluctuation of the substances excreted in the urine and the composition of the urinary protein in 4 college athletes aging from 19 to 21 years before and after 10-mile road race.
The results obtained are as follows:
1) During the race and in the early stage of recovery the excretion of creatinine, uric acid, and urea-nitrogen decreased, and in this term clearance in the kidney reduced. More than 60 minutes after the end of the road race, the excretion of these substances returned to the level before the race.
2) The urinary pH value began to increase just after the race, became alkaline at pH more than 7 and less than 8 in all the subjects 30 to 60 minutes after the race, 90 to 120 minutes after the race it returned to level obtained before the race.
3) In the term when the excretion of the substances decreased, as described in the above 1), protein was much excreted, and it gradually decreased in the urine collected 60 to 90 minutes and later after the race, but the level of the excreted protein was still higher than that obtained before the race.
4) The Albumin/Globulin ratio of the urinary protein was low at rest, but in the early stage of recovery it was higher than 1, but in the later stage of recovery it decreased.
5) LAP and γ-GTP activities were also high in the term when protein was much excreted, but gradually decreased following the progress of recovery. LAP activity in the urine collected 120 to 150 minutes after the race recovered nearly to the level before the race, but γ-GTP remained still at a rather high level, and indicated the difference in the composition of the post exercise proteinuria.
6) It was estimated that the post exercise proteinuria would include not only the leaked plasma component caused by increase of the permeability but also some part derived from the renal tissue.View full abstractDownload PDF (936K) -
AKIHISA HASEBE, SETSUKO TERADA, HIDEAKI MATSUKI, FUMIO OSAKA, HITOSHI ...1978 Volume 27 Issue 2 Pages 81-85
Published: June 01, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAs regards obesity screening tests, it's a widly known fact that there are many problems in the existing notation of various body indices.
Moreover, in regards to the determination of skin-fold thickness, measurments must be taken at two or three places, and this, plus the fact that a certain amount of expertise is necessary, represent a shortcoming.
Using abdominal girth, which can be relatively easily measured, together with the chest girth measurment, the author examined a method for assessing obesity.
Various body indices were computed from height, weight, chest measurement, abdominal girth, etc. and the correlation between their value and skin fold thickness and average skin fold thickness was determined.
As a result of this, abdominal girth measurement and evaluation may be used in obesity screen tests in the following way.
1. Method for measuring abdominal girth.
[1] Have the patient assume normal posture.
[2] Girth is measured (in centimeters) around the area mid way above the navel while the patient resting expiratory state with arms hanging limp and shoulders relaxed.
2. Method for computing obesity index.
obesity index=height (in cm) ×10/abdominal girth (in cm)
The subject of the above research is extreamly limited in respect to age range. Therefore, the authors would like to examine further to see if this method is applicable to all age renges.View full abstractDownload PDF (583K) -
1978 Volume 27 Issue 2 Pages 86-89
Published: June 01, 1978
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (507K)
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