All issues
Volume 53 (2004)
- Issue 6 Pages 599-
- Issue 5 Pages 483-
- Issue 4 Pages 379-
- Issue 3 Pages 281-
- Issue 2 Pages 197-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 53, Issue 3
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
SHINOBU NISHIMURA, KOICHI NAKAZATO, HIROYUKI NAKAJIMA2004 Volume 53 Issue 3 Pages 281-292
Published: June 01, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships of ankle ligamentous injuries with physical and positional characteristics in college football players. Specific hypothesis was addressed whether medial ankle ligamentous complex (MALC) injury was often caused by oversized players, offensive or defensive linemen.
53 subjects participated in this study. We examined their previous history of ankle ligamentous injuries and classified them into three groups: (1) the lateral ankle ligamentous complex (LALC) in-jury group; (2) the MALC injury group; and (3) the no ankle ligamentous (NAL) injury group. Regarding MALC injury, we obtained the following results. First, MALC injury occupied 35% of total ankle ligamentous injuries. Second, both body weight and BMI of the MALC injury group were signi-ficantly the heaviest and largest of the groups. Lastly, OL, LB, and DL occupied highest occurring percentage (75%) of MALC injury.
We concluded that MALC injury tended to be incurred by the players with heavier body weight and/or larger BMI. Players OL, LB, or DL also suffered MALC injury. Thus, these results suggest that body weight, BMI and position are considered as the risk factor for MALC injury.View full abstractDownload PDF (1350K) -
MASASHI SUGAWARA, YUKIKO MUKAI, AKIHIRO TAIMURA2004 Volume 53 Issue 3 Pages 293-299
Published: June 01, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effects of exercise on cold-induced vasodilation (CIVD) as an index of local cold tolerance caused by a shift in the core body temperature in the follicular and luteal phases to a lower level were evaluated in athletes and non-athletes. The subjects were healthy female students with a normal menstrual cycle, who consisted of 15 athletes and 9 non-athletes. The percent body fat was lower, and the maximal oxygen intake was significantly higher in the athletes than in the non-athletes. The difference in the basal body temperature between the follicular and luteal phases differed significantly (P<0.01) between the athletes (0.53±0.221) and the non-athletes (0.88± 0.26t) . CIVD was measured once in the late follicular phase and once in the midluteal phase in the spring of 2002. Finger skin temperature before ice water immersion did not differ between the follicular and luteal phases in the athletes or non-athletes. The mean finger skin temperature was higher in the luteal phase in both the athletes and non-athletes. Similarly, the temperature of the first rise was higher, and the time of temperature rise was shorter, in the luteal phase. The resistance index was 11.47±2.36 in the follicular phase and 13.40±1.45 in the luteal phase in the athletes, and 10.44±3.21 and 11.89±2.09, respectively, in the non-athletes. It was significantly higher in the luteal phase in the athletes but showed no significant difference in the non-athletes. In addition, it was significantly higher in the athletes than in the non-athletes in the luteal phase, but no difference was observed between the two groups in the follicular phase. These results suggest that the finger skin temperature during ice water immersion was maintained at a higher level in the athletes than in the non-athletes despite the greater reductions in the basal body temperature in the luteal phases in the athletes ; this is because of suppression of cutaneous vasoconstriction and an increase in collateral blood flow. Moreover, cutaneous vasodilation induced by the axon reflex of sensory nerves, release of histamine substances, reduction of vascular sensitivity to catecholamines, or release of vasodilators is considered to be a mechanism of the higher resistance index in the athletes.View full abstractDownload PDF (888K) -
JUNKO OKUNO, MAKOTO NISHIKI, MITSUO MATSUDA, HIROSHI OGAWA, YOSHITAKE ...2004 Volume 53 Issue 3 Pages 301-309
Published: June 01, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between subjective usefulness of pedometer and step count, exercise adherence, and the possibility of a pedometer helping exercise adherence.
The subjects were 106 community-dwelling citizens (mean age±SD, 66±5) who were put on an individual exercise program in addition to walking. The targeted step count was 8000 steps/day. Every subject wore a pedometer that registers 7 days of physical activity.
The rate of adherence was 98.1%, and about 73% of subjects answered that using a pedometer is useful for physical activity. There was no difference in exercise habit at baseline between subjects answering useful or not useful.
Only in the case of females, was step count and prevalence of targeted 8000 steps significantly higher in the group who felt a pedometer was useful than in the group who didn't feel it useful. However, in the group of males who felt the usefulness of a pedometer, step count significantly increased during the 3 months. In addition, the females who reached their targeted step count performed better in the 10 m hurdle walk and 6 min walk than those who could not reach the targeted step count.
The awareness of self-health wellness, without the anxiety of physical fitness and adherence to exercise was higher in the subjects who felt a pedometer was useful than in the subjects who didn't.
The subjects who felt a pedometer was useful achieved their targeted number of steps and increased walking ability and tended to adhere better to physical activity.
It is suggested that a pedometer motivates adherence to physical activity and is useful for helping exercise adherence in the future. However, we need a randomized control trial for determining the relationship between exercise adherence and using a pedometer.View full abstractDownload PDF (1134K) -
SEUNGWAN WEE, KIYOJI TANAKA, YOSHIO NAKATA, DONGJUN LEE, KAZUNORI OHKA ...2004 Volume 53 Issue 3 Pages 311-319
Published: June 01, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study was to determine the loss of visceral fat during weight loss program with diet only or diet plus exercise in premenopausal obese women (age 44±6 yr) . One hundred seventeen women (body mass index 29±3 kg /m2) were divided into diet only group (DO, n=40) and diet plus exercise group (DE, n=77) . DE was further divided into two groups: a group with a small change in VO2max (DE1, n=26) and a group with a large change in VO2max (DE2, n=51) . Height, weight, fat mass, %fat, fat-free mass (FFM), abdominal total fat area (TFA), visceral fat area (VFA), subcutaneous fat area (SFA) and VO2max (ml/kg FFM/min) were measured before and after weight loss. The changes of weight, fat mass, %fat were significantly larger in DE than in DO. No difference was found in the changes of weight, fat mass, %fat between the DE1 and DE2. Percentage of change in VFA was significantly larger in DE2 (41±15%) than in DE1 (31±16%) . These data suggest that both weight-loss programs (DO and DE) contribute to a remarkable decrease in visceral fat. Addition of exercise training, which would induce an improvement in VO2max, to dietary restriction, may elicit a greater effect on visceral fat.View full abstractDownload PDF (952K) -
YOSHIAKI MANABE, TOSHIHARU YOKOZAWA, MITSUGI OGATA2004 Volume 53 Issue 3 Pages 321-336
Published: June 01, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study was to compare hip and knee joint extension torque and the activity of eight muscles around the hip and knee joints during three squat exercises with different movements.
Ten male athletes performed three different squats (Normal squat : NS, Knee push squat : KPS, Hip drive squat : HDS) . KPS is the type of squat which emphasizes knee joint movement without moving the hip joint position back and forth. On the other hand, HDS is the type of squat which emphasizes hip joint movement, while keeping the knee joint position fixed. Kinematic and kinetic variables such as angle, angular velocity, net torque and power of the joints of the lower extremity were calculated during the descending and ascending phase of each squat. At the same time, surface electrodes were placed on eight muscles of the lower extremity, and %iEMG was also calculated during the same phases.
During the descending phase, Elector spinae muscle activity and hip joint extension torque was significantly greater for HDS than KPS. Rectus femoris and Vastus lateralis muscle activity was significantly greater for KPS than HDS. In addition, KPS showed significantly greater knee joint extension torque than HDS and NS. At the ascending phase, Elector spinae, Glueus maximus and Biceps femoris muscle activity, and hip joint extension torque was significantly greater for HDS than KPS and NS. Rectus femoris muscle activity and knee joint extension torque was significantly greater for KPS than HDS and NS.
These results suggest that HDS is effective for selectively training the hip extensor, and KPS is effective for training the Rectus femoris muscle.View full abstractDownload PDF (2830K) -
MEGUMI OHTA, HIROAKI KANEHISA, TETSUO FUKUNAGA2004 Volume 53 Issue 3 Pages 337-345
Published: June 01, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis study aimed to estimate in vivo the compliance of tendon structure in human biceps brachii (BB) muscle for eight healthy male subjects. Elongation of the tendon of BB during isometric elbowflexion was directly measured by ultrasonography. Muscle force of BB (FBB) was calculated from the elbow flexion torque and moment arm of elbow-flexor. When the EBB increased to 80%MVC (maximum voluntary contraction), the tendinous tissue of BB was elongated 10.24±2.52 mm, horizontally. The relationship between tendon length and FBB was curvilinear and consisted of an initial region characterized by a large increase in tendon length with increasing FBB under 50%MVC, immediately followed by a linear region. The compliance of tendinous tissues, estimated from the slope of the linear region, was 0.010±0.005 mm N, and did not show a significant correlation with MVC and muscle volume of the elbow flexors, estimated from muscle thickness. The compliance value observed here was lower than those of the medial gastrocnemius muscle and the tibialis anterior muscle, reported previously using the same ultrasonic method as the present study. This may be related to the functional differences among limb muscles in various human movements.View full abstractDownload PDF (3432K) -
HIROMI SHIN-YA, TETSUYA YOSHIDA, HIDEYUKI TSUNEOKA, SEIICHI NAKAI, TAK ...2004 Volume 53 Issue 3 Pages 347-355
Published: June 01, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTo clarify the effect of sports wear on exercise-heat stress, we analyzed quantitative differences in thermoregulatory responses among baseball uniforms (BB), soccer uniforms (SC), and swimming trunks (NU) during exercise in a hot environment. Eight male subjects performed three sessions of 20-min cycling at light intensity (250W/m2) wearing BB, SC and NU in a room maintained at 28°C (wet-bulb globe temperatures, WBGT) . Esophageal (Tes), mean skin (Tsk), and mean body temperatures (Tb), heart rate (HR), thermal sensation (TS), and total sweat loss (mSW) were measured during the exercise. Increases in Tes, Tsk, Tb, HR, and TS during exercise were significantly (p<0, 05) higher, and mSW, was significantly (p<0.001) greater for BB than SC and NU. The increase in Tes at the end of the exercise was 3.0 times higher for BB than NU ; and also 2.0 times higher for SU than NU. Under all conditions, the increase in Tes significantly correlated with Tsk (r=0.634, p<0, 001) and HR (r=0.854, p<0.001) ; mSW also significantly correlated with Tb (r=0.683, p<0.001) at the end of the exercise. These findings suggest that quantitative differences regarding the increase in Tes among BB, SC and NU relate to Tsk elevation due to attenuation of heat dissipation depending on sports wear ; body temperature elevation also relates to the increase in HR and mSW during light exercise in a hot environment.View full abstractDownload PDF (1070K) -
2004 Volume 53 Issue 3 Pages 357-370
Published: June 01, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (2295K) -
2004 Volume 53 Issue 3 Pages 371-377
Published: June 01, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (1108K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|