All issues
Volume 29 (1980)
- Issue 4 Pages 191-
- Issue 3 Pages 133-
- Issue 2 Pages 69-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 29, Issue 2
Displaying 1-8 of 8 articles from this issue
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
THE EFFECT OF PHYSICAL TRAINING ON THERMOREGULATORY RESPONSES OF PREADOLESCENT BOYS TO HEAT AND COLDKENJI MATSUSHITA, TSUTOMU ARAKI1980 Volume 29 Issue 2 Pages 69-74
Published: June 01, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPhysically trained and untrained preadolescent boys were examined experimentally for the effect of physical training on thermoregulatory responses to heat and cold. In summer they were asked to wear swimming pants and dip their legs up to the knees into water at 42.3°C for 60 minutes under given environmental conditions (30°C DB and 70% RH) . Then they were exposed to a given cold environment (18°C DB and 60% RH) in a resting posture for 60 minutes. Rectal and mean skin temperatures, total body sweat rate, puls rate, metabolism, etc, were measured. The pulse rate at rest was lower in those trained physically than in those untrained. The rectal temperature increased and decreased less remarkably during exposure to heat and cold, and the total body sweat rate to the increment of rectal temperature tended to be higher in those trained than in those untrained. The other variables measured during both cases of exposure failed to respond to physical training. These results suggested a possibility that physical training might be a means of improving the thermoregulation in preadolescents, although its effect might be inconsiderable.View full abstractDownload PDF (750K) -
TSUTOMU ARAKI, YOSHIMITSU INOUE, KEIJI UMENO1980 Volume 29 Issue 2 Pages 75-81
Published: June 01, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present study was designed to examine the thermoregulatory response to the alternate stress of heat and cold in relation to physical training. A heat stress was given as a 60-minute foot bath in water at 43°C in the air condition of 30°C DB and 60% RH, and a cold stress as a 60-minute exposure to an atmosphere of 20°C DB and 60% RH in summer and 17°C DB and 60% RH in winter. Two experimental conditions of four-hour exposure were set up by combining the hourly heat and cold stress alternately : Condition I was initiated with the heat stress and ended with the cold one, and condition II vice versa. In these conditions, both heat and cold stresses were given twice. In summer, as well as in winter, physical untrained and trained adult males in swimming pants were exposed to alternate heat and cold stress extending for four hours. Rectal and mean skin temperatures were taken every 5 minutes. A ten-minute metabolic rate was measured every 20 minutes during the exposure period. The effect of physical training was generally more remarkable in condition I than in condition II, and in summer than in winter. In condition I, the trained group had a smaller variation in rectal temperature and a smaller rate of variation from a resting value in energy consumption throughout the four-hour exposure than the untrained. The differences between the mean skin temperature in the last stage of the first exposure and that of the second tended to be smaller in the trained group than in the untrained. Reduced differences between these values were noticed in the untrained men after physical training. These results indicate that the effect of physical training was discernible on the thermal adaptability to the alternate stress of heat and cold. It was concluded that physical training generally promoted the acclimatization and enhanced tolerance capacity to heat and cold.View full abstractDownload PDF (837K) -
AKIO HOSHI1980 Volume 29 Issue 2 Pages 82-91
Published: June 01, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSChanges in serum enzyme activities (GOT, GPT and ChE) were investigated in trained and control subjects both of which were made to perform exercises of three different intensities (mild, moderate and heavy) . It was thought that this study might aid in elucidating the relationship between serum enzyme activities and the blood lactic acid level as an index of hypoxia.
The results are summarized as follows:
1) Both activity levels of the serum enzymes and the concentration of blood lactic acid were higher at rest in the control subjects than in the long distance runners.
2) Activity levels of serum ChE as well as GOT, GPT increased in propotion to the intensity of work.
3) In serum GOT, GPT and ChE activities no statistically significant difference was found between the two groups in all work loads.
4) Relationships between the increase of blood lactic acid concentrations and those of the serum enzyme activities at three minutes after the exercise were all found statistically significant (P<0.001) (with GOT r=0.845, GPT r=0.768 and ChE r= 0.835) .View full abstractDownload PDF (985K) -
KIYOKAZU KITAMURA1980 Volume 29 Issue 2 Pages 92-97
Published: June 01, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: December 10, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBlood flow and volume change of the thigh were measured in six healthy male subjects in bicycle exercise at varying work rates. Mercury-in-rubber strain gauge plethysmograph technique was used to determin the blood flow and volume change of the thigh.
The thigh blood flow immediately after exercise reached an average of 16.7 ml/ 100 ml⋅min when the work load was 30 watt. It rose progressively with the intensity of the exercise so as to attain 24, 8, 39.4 and 44.4 ml/100 ml⋅min at 60, 120 and 180 watt, respectively.
The thigh volume immediately before stopping the exercise at 30, 60, 120 and 180 watt were 2. 53, 2. 86, 3.68 and 4.33 ml/100 m, min respectively. Furthermore, there are close relationship between the thigh volume immediately before stopping the exercise and the thigh blood flow immediately after exrcise with being statistically significant (r=0.76, P<0.001) .View full abstractDownload PDF (762K) -
TAKASHI KUROKAWA, HARUO IKEGAMI1980 Volume 29 Issue 2 Pages 98-109
Published: June 01, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMaximum expiratory and inspiratory flow-volume curves (MEFV, MIFV) along with vital capacity (VC), expiratory reserve volume (ERV), and residual volume (RV) were determined on 7 swimmers and 7 physical education students (control group) in three positions (standing, supine and prone) both in air and during head out water immertion, in order to analyze the effects of body positions, immersion and swimming training on their lung mechanics.
Total lung capacity in standing position decreased in water as a result of decrease in both VC and RV. The ERV in standing position significantly fell in water, while IRV increased. Lung volumes both in supine and prone position did not change significantly in water except an increase in ERV in supine position. The fact that lung volumes decreased more in the standing position in water than horizontal positions probably means that the thorax and abdomen in standing position is more sensitively influenced by the hydrostatic pressure compared with horizontal positions. Lung volumes of the swimmer tended to be larger than that of the control group, while the influence of immersion on lung volumes was similar for the both groups.
Peak flow rate (Vp) was smaller during inspiration than during expiration. Vp decreased more eminently during inspiration in water, while it tended to decrease in water during both expiration and inspiration. When body position turned from standing to supine or prone, Vp tended to decrease, and influence of postural change on Vp was more marked during inspiration than during expiration. By contrast, V50, V25 and VV were notably larger during inspiration than during expiration. These indexes tended to decrease in water during both expiration and inspiration.
The difference in dynamic lung mechanics between the swimmer and the control group appeared more apparently during inspiration than during expiration, and the swimmer showed significantly higher Vp, V50, V25, and VV in inspiration than the control group probably due to the effect of their swimming training.View full abstractDownload PDF (1296K) -
SUKETSUNE IWAGAKI, KEIZO KOBAYASHI, KUNIHIKO HARADA, MANABU YAMADA, TO ...1980 Volume 29 Issue 2 Pages 110-116
Published: June 01, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTriglyceride contents of liver, heart muscle and skeletal muscles (rectus femoris, tibiaris anterior, soleus, plantaris and extensir digitrum longus) were determined on 1, 3.5, 14, 18 and 21 months-old rats, and especially on 14 and 21 months-old rats composition of triglyceride fatty acids was analyzed and interrelation of these triglyceride contents with aging of rats was studied quantitively and qualitatively. Following results were obtained
1) Changs in liver and muscular triglyceride contents appeared on 14 months-old rats and were significant increase at 21 months-old rats.
2) Liver triglyceride content significantly decreased at 21 months-old rats (p<0.05) .
3) lrriglyceride contents of tibiaris anterior and extensor digitrum longus muscles were mostly unchangeable through the aging of rats.
4) But triglyceride contents of soleus, rectus femoris and plantaris muscles in 21 months-old rats significantly increased (p<0.05) and the individual difference was great.
5) In composition of triglyceride fatty acids, increase of C18, C18-1, C18-2 and C18-3 was observed in epididymal adipose tissue, soleus and rectus femoris muscle on 21 months-old rats, but in extensor digitrum longus and tibiaris anterior muscles.
From these results, changes of tissue triglyceride contents with aging of rats are different in each tissue and increase of triglyceride content is present with qualitative changes in composition of triglyceride fatty acids, increase of long chain and unsaturated fatty acids, and organic specificity, which is related to the functional changes with aging of rats is considered.View full abstractDownload PDF (904K) -
MASAHIRO MURAYAMA, YOSHIO KURODA1980 Volume 29 Issue 2 Pages 117-123
Published: June 01, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThis paper was aimed to evaluate cardiovascular function and physical fitness of athletes during active athletic life and after the cessation of physical training, and to discuss on cardiovascular future of ex-athletes. Subjects included 301 men and 64 women athletes who participated in Tokyo Olympic games. Four to 12 years' follow-up study was performed in 88 men athletes. (1) . The characteristic findings of ECG during active athletic period were sinus bradycardia, increased voltage of QRS, irbbb and first or second degree AV block. Ninety-five percents of cases with sinus bradycardia and all cases with AV block showed normal heart rate and normal AV conduction within 4 years the cessation of training. Irbbb persisted longer than other items and 60 percents of cases with irbbb had the similar findings 12 years after the cessation of training. (2) . Increased heart size observed during active athletic life returned to normal in 4 to 8 years after the cessation of training. (3) . Blood pressure was not changed before and after the cessation of training. (4) . Little changes were observed in grip strength, 12 years after the cessation of training. Although there was a slight decrease on back lift strength and ability of vertical jump 12 years after the cessation of training, they were still higher than normal. (5) . Havard step test score was obviuously decreased 12 years after the cessation of training, although it was still maintained highly than normal. From this study, it may be inferred that the effect of physical training to cardiovascular function does not persisit for a long time. On the contrary, increased muscle strength such as grip strength, back lift strength and vertical jump persist for a rather long time, once it was increased by vigorous physical training.View full abstractDownload PDF (2602K) -
1980 Volume 29 Issue 2 Pages 124-130
Published: June 01, 1980
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (903K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|