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Volume 51 (2002)
- Issue 6 Pages 489-
- Issue 5 Pages 407-
- Issue 4 Pages 357-
- Issue 3 Pages 265-
- Issue 2 Pages 175-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 51, Issue 3
Displaying 1-10 of 10 articles from this issue
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TAKESHI MATSUI, MOTOHIKO MIYACHI, YOKO HOSHIJIMA, KOUKI TAKAHASHI, KEN ...2002 Volume 51 Issue 3 Pages 265-273
Published: June 01, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe aim of this studv was to clarify the effects of water immersion on the cardiovascular recovery process following submaximal steady state exercise on land. Seven male subjects (23 yrs old) underwent experiments under four separate conditions on separate days (15 minutes of cycling exercise at 50% and 80% maximal oxygen consumption followed by 16 minutes of recovery in a sitting position in water and out of water) . Concerning conditions in water, mean water temperature was 29.4 degrees, and the immersion level was set at xiphoid. Mean room temperature in out of water conditions, and during all conditions of exercise, was 24.4 degrees. Oxygen consumption (VO2), heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (systolic: SBP, diastolic: DBP) were measured under each condi tion. Mean blood pressure was calculated from SBP and DBP (MBP=1/3× ( SBP-DBP) +DBP) . Stroke volume (SV) was measured by Doppler echocardiography, and then cardiac output (CO=SV×HR), total peripheral resistance (TPR=NIBP/CO) and arteriaVmixed venous oxygen difference (a-v O2diff=VO2/CO) were calculated. In comparison with the same exercise intensity condition, there were no significant differences between recovery processes of VO2, HR, SBP, DBP and MBP in and out of water. SV and CO were significantly higher (p<0.05) during the recovery process in water than out of water (SV: at 50 and 80% maximal oxygen consumption conditions, CO: at 80% condition) . The TPR and a-v O2diff were significantly lower (p<0.05) during the recovery process in water than out of water at 80% oxygen consumption condition. These results indicate that water immersion facilitates circulating blood volume during the recovery process without increasing blood pressure, especially during recovery after high intensity exercise. Therefore, we suggest that increased left ventricular preload with immersion would be an important factor in cardiovascular regulation not only at rest but also during recovery after exercise.View full abstractDownload PDF (1032K) -
SHINJI SATO, MAYUMI TAKAHASHI, SHIGERU MAKITA2002 Volume 51 Issue 3 Pages 275-281
Published: June 01, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe time constants of beat-by-beat heart rate decay for the first 30 seconds (T30) after exercise is a specific index for the vagally mediated component of heart rate recovery. The aim of our study was to determine whether cardiac rehabilitation (CR) can accelerate T30 in patients after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) . Thirteen male patients who underwent CABG (aged 60.5±7.7years) were assigned to 7-21 day Phase I CR. Exercise training consisted of 30 minutes of aerobic exercise (bicycle ergometer) at the anaerobic threshold 2 times per day. T30 was measured as the heart rate decay regulated in patients who rested immediately after 5 minutes of pedaling exercise. After CR, T30 significantly improved from 413.3±129.7 to 300.1±124.5 sec (p<0.01) . Peak oxygen uptake (peak V02: 14.0±4.0 16.7±3.2mlin/kg: p<0.01) and heart rate at anaerobic threshold (HR @ AT: 111.9±13.4 103.6±11.7 beatsin: p<0.01) also improved significantly. There was no correlation between ΔT30 (Δ: difference before and after CR) and Δpeak VO2or ΔHR @ AT. These results suggest that CR for patients following CABG accelerates vagally mediated heart rate recovery after dynamic exercise.View full abstractDownload PDF (809K) -
LIPING ZHAO, KAZUO OGURI, YOSHIHIRO KATO, HARUMI KAWASE, MITSURU SEISH ...2002 Volume 51 Issue 3 Pages 283-289
Published: June 01, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study was to ascertain whether exercise training cardiac adaptation exists in student rugby athletes, to define an adaptive pattern and to observe the student rugby athletics cardiac adaptive process. Subjects consisted of 42 male senior high school student rugby athletes, who participated in sports in junior high school, and a control group of sedentary students from the same senior high school who were matched for age. Student athletes were measured once a year over a three-year period. Left ventricular internal dimension at the end-diastole (LVIDd) and left ventricular posterior wall thickness at the end-diastole (PWT) were both measured by echocardiography. Because all subjects were growing adolescents, allometric scaling data (which is LVIDd/BSA0.5 and PWT/BSA0.5) was used for comparison, to preclude the effect of differences in body size on LVIDd and PWT. Cross-sectional comparisons of athletic students with controls were conducted for each of the three senior high school grades, respectively. The data of student athletes during the three-year study was used for longitudinal comparisons. The results of cross-sectional comparisons showed that LVIDd/BSA0, 5 in a student athlete group consisting of the three grades combined was greater than the corresponding control group (P<0.05, P<0.01, respectively) . PWT/BSA0.5 in the athletic group was greater than the control group for the third grade level (P<0.05) . The results of the longitudinal comparison revealed that no significant differences were present in LVIDd/BSA0.5 during the three-year investigation (P>0.05, respectively) . PWT/BSA0.5 at the second and third grade level were obviously greater than at the first grade level (P<0.05, respectively) ; however, no dif. ference between the second and third grade levels existed. The results of this present study suggest that regular rugby exercise training during senior high school obviously induced left ventricular posterior wall thickening in the athletic students. An enlarged left ventricular cavity was observed at the first grade level of senior high school and did not significantly change during three years of senior high school.View full abstractDownload PDF (755K) -
YOSHIMITSU INOUE, RIE MIKI, TAKAKO ASAMI, HIROYUKI UEDA2002 Volume 51 Issue 3 Pages 291-298
Published: June 01, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe present study was attempted to examine whether the cold-induced vasodilation is affected by maturation and aging. Twelve prepubertal boys (10-11 yrs), 15 young men (18-26 yrs), and 8 older men (66-78 yrs) immersed their middle finger in ice-water for 15 min under air condition of 27°C and 40% RH. Before the immersion, no age-related differences were observed in skin temperature of middle finger (Tfin) . The time required for the first rise of Tfin after the immersion (TTR) was significantly longer in the older men than in the boys and young men. Tfin at the first rise after the immersion (TFR), highest value of Tfin after the first rise (HST) and the mean value of Tfin during the immersion (MST) were significantly lower in the boys than in the young men. The integral value of Tfin from the onset of cold-induced vasodilation to the end of the immersion (CIVDindex) was significantly lower in the boys and older men than in the young men. TTR, TFR, HST, MST, and CIVDifldex did not correlate significantly with maximal oxygen uptake, mean skinfold thicknesses at seven body sites, and length and girth of the middle finger. Oral temperature (Tor) did not change between before and after the immersion regardless of age, although the Tar in the boys was significantly higher than in the young and older men. There were no age differences in the relationship of thermal sensation or pain sensation and Tfin. These results suggest that boys and older men have inferior cold-induced vasodilation compared to young men, and that the mechanisms of inferior cold-induced vasodilation are different in these two groups.View full abstractDownload PDF (1008K) -
NORIKAZU HIROSE, ATSUSHI HIRANO, TORU FUKUBAYASHI2002 Volume 51 Issue 3 Pages 299-306
Published: June 01, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study was to clarify the differences in reaction time, stepping frequency and stepping endurance estimated by chronological age compared to skeletal age. The participants were 76 well-trained soccer players aged from 9.7 to 14.8 years old. Height and weight were measured before training. Their skeletal ages were evaluated by RUS score of TW II method. RUS score was calculated for skeletal age by Murata's method. Reaction time, stepping frequency and endurance were measured by Talent-Diagnose-System (Werthner Sports Consulting, KEG, Co, Ltd.) . For chronological age, height increased linearly from 9 to 14. Height estimated by skeletal age increased slowly from 8 to 10, then increased drastically between the ages of 10 to 15. Significant change was shown between the ages of 12 and 13 (p<0.01) . Complex reaction time (CRT) estimated from chronological age developed linearly from 9 to 14 years of age. However for skeletal age, CRT at 10 was slower than at 8 and 9 years of age. Then it developed significantly between the ages of 10 and 11 (p<0.05) . On the other hand, stepping frequency and endurance did not show as remarkable a change with increasing age as reaction time. The results of this present study indicate that in adolescent soccer players, there are some differences between skeletal age and chronological age in cross-sectional change of reaction time. Moreover, skeletal age did not affect the development of stepping frequency and endurance.View full abstractDownload PDF (736K) -
MARIKO NAKAMURA, KOUICHIROU HAYASHI, KATSUJI AIZAWA, FUMIE MURAI, NOBO ...2002 Volume 51 Issue 3 Pages 307-315
Published: June 01, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the function of cardiac autonomic nervous activity and post-exercise vagal reaction during the menstrual cycle. The subjects were healthy young women (n=13, age 19.9±0.6 years) with normal menstrual cycles. Power spectral analysis of heart rate variability was used to examine cardiac autonomic nervous activity. In addition, the time con stant of heart rate decline for the first 30 sec (T30) after exercise was used to examine post-exercise vagal reactivation.
Results show that the cardiac autonomic nervous activity changes during the menstrual cycle. Also, T30 shows significant change during the menstrual cycle, especially T30 retardation in the early luteal phase. These results suggest that an imbalance of estradiol and progesterone hormones may be responsible for these changes in cardiac autonomic nervous activity during the menstrual cycle.View full abstractDownload PDF (1157K) -
TAKASHI TAKATORI, HIROSHI HASEGAWA, MASAHIRO YAMASAKI, TAKASHI KOMURA2002 Volume 51 Issue 3 Pages 317-324
Published: June 01, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDuring exercise at high temperatures, body temperature increases impairing exercise performance and resulting in heat illnesses. Water ingestion during exercise is a simple and practical strategy to prevent hyperthermia. In the present study, we examined the effects of water ingestion interval on thermoregulatory responses during exercise in a hot, humid environment (32t, 80% relative humidity) . Eight male university students performed a 60-min cycling exercise (60% of the maximal O2 uptake) under four separate conditions; no drinking (ND), water ingestion (mineral water) at 5 (D5), 15 (D15), and 30 (D30) min intervals. The total volume of water ingestion (TWI) was identical during D5, D15, and D30, and equal to the amount of fluid lost in sweat during ND. TWI was divided equally by the number of drinking times in each experiment. During exercise, both rectal and mean skin temperature were lower in D5 than those in the other conditions (p<0.05) . There was no significant difference in total sweat loss between the four conditions, however, evaporative sweat loss and sweat efficiency (evaporative sweat loss total sweat loss) were significantly (p<0.05) higher in D5 than those in the other conditions. These results suggest that the shorter water ingestion interval increases evaporative sweating and attenuates higher body temperature during exercise in a hot, humid environment.View full abstractDownload PDF (916K) -
KAI TANABE, KAZUMI MASUDA, JUN SUGAWARA, RYUICHI AJISAKA, MITSUO MATSU ...2002 Volume 51 Issue 3 Pages 325-336
Published: June 01, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe effect of daily physical activity on oxidative stress is still an unknown issue, especially in middle-aged and elderly individuals. In this study, we examined the relationships of oxidative stress and antioxidant capacity with daily physical activity, taking into consideration the dietary antioxidant vitamin intake (vitamin B2, C and E) of middle-aged and elderly people (66.0±7.0 years, n= 21; 10 males and 11 females, including 5 male trained runners) . Daily physical activity was measured using both a calorie counter and a questionnaire over a period of two weeks. The plasma concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance ( [TBARS] ) and both oxidized and reduced glutathione concentrations ( [GSSG] and [GSH] ) in whole blood were determined in blood samples obtained at rest and immediately after two periods of acute exercise: maximal cycle ergometric exercise and steady state cycle exercise at 80% of ventilatory threshold (VT) for 30 minutes. At a given statistically controlled dietary antioxidant vitamin intake level (vitamin B2, C and E), the amount of daily physical activity was associated with neither [TBARS], [GSH] and the ratio of [GSSG] / [GSH] at rest, nor changes in levels of these substances after both exercise tests. These data suggest that the amount of daily physical activity may have little influence on oxidative stress or antioxidant capacity at rest and after acute cycle ergometric exercise. Further investigation would be necessary to clarify how much volume or intensity of physical activity induces increased oxidative stress, from the aspect of habitual physical training and nutrition.View full abstractDownload PDF (1458K) -
2002 Volume 51 Issue 3 Pages 337-340
Published: June 01, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (516K) -
2002 Volume 51 Issue 3 Pages 341-354
Published: June 01, 2002
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (2296K)
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