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Volume 31 (1982)
- Issue 6 Pages 355-
- Issue 5 Pages 279-
- Issue 4 Pages 227-
- Issue 3 Pages 155-
- Issue 2 Pages 53-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 31, Issue 3
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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TOKUO YANO, SHINKICHI OGAWA, KATSUMI ASANO, YOSHINORI FURUTA, TOSHIAKI ...1982 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 155-162
Published: June 01, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe purpose of this study was to investigate the changes of blood components of middle and old aged runners in marathon running. The results were as follows.
1) Mean running time of marathon was 250 min. Some of subjects did last spurt.
2) Change of body weight was -4.8%. RBC, Hct, and Hb were changed by -4.8%, -4.4%, and -4.7% respectively. The decrease of plasma volume was 7.8% according to Dill's method.
3) Blood glucose was 112 mg/dl at rest and decreased to 70 mg/dl after running. The glucose level of five subjects was in range from 59 to 50 mg/dl.
4) The increase of L.A. was 52%. The L.A. after running tended to correlate to the running speed at last spurt.
5) T.G. significantly decreased after running. On the contrast, FFA increased by 323%. This increment of FFA correlated to mean running speed (r=0.681, P<0.05) .
6) The increments of GOT, GPT, and LDH were 71%, 62%, and 61% respectively, The decreases of LDH-1, 2 and increases of LDH-4, 5 were found after running. Furthermore, AGOT and 4GPT correlated to the running speed at last spurt or L.A. after running.View full abstractDownload PDF (902K) -
MASASHI SUGAHARA, MASASHI NAKAMURA, FUMIO HIRATA, MASANORI NOGUCHI1982 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 163-171
Published: June 01, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe following two aspects will be considered in this paper. First, in order to elucidate the effects of experimental increase of heat production on the cold-induced vasodilation (CIVD), we examined 20 males in CIVD before and after each exercise. Second, in terms of the difference in CIVD between trained and untrained individuals, 160 trained and 34 untrained males were examined. The results obtained from both of the experiments may be summarized as follows.
1. The CIVD after one hour's outdoor exercise was enhanced in comparison with that before exercise. After exercise, the temperature before water immersion (TBI), mean skin temperature (MST) and temperature at first rise (TFR) during immersion were significantly higher, and the time to temperature rise (TTR) during immersion was significantly shorter.
The amplitude of temperature (AT) was likewise significantly higher. These scores were calculated into resistance indices (RI) by Yoshimura's method and Nakamura's method (3 point method and 5 point method) . As a result, the RI by Yoshimura's method was significantly higher after exercise while that by Nakamura's method showed no difference. This suggests that a transient increase of heat content by physical exercise is ignored in the latter method.
2. In regard to the features of CIVD in the trained as compared with the untrained, TBI, MST, TFR and AT were higher, and TTR was shorter and RI was significantly higher. There was a significant positive correlation between the years of experience of sports and RI.
3. The CIVD was higher in those trained in outdoor sports than in indoor sports. The RI, classified by sport events was the highest in swimming followed in decreasing order by rowing, karate, baseball, track and field, judo, tennis, rugby, basketball, soccer, kendo, badminton, volleyball and table-tennis.
This order was almost the same even after eliminating the effects of the years of experience of sports. Thus, it follows from this observation that the RI was higher in the trained in outdoor sports than in the trained in indoor sports. This result may be atrributed to the fact that outdoor sportsmen have more opportunities to be exposed to outdoor cold as compared with indoor sportsmen.View full abstractDownload PDF (946K) -
TETSURO OSAKA, MICHIKATSU KONNO, NORIKO WADA, MAKOTO YASUNAGA, YUTAKA ...1982 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 172-177
Published: June 01, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA compalative study of maximal aerobic power (MAP) with special reference to age were carried out as a basic study for determing the optimal physical load for successful living in modern society or in future ages. 169 males who have a sedentary living style profoundly affected by the motorization, 10-69 years of age, in suburban district of Fukuoka City (JAPAN) and 54 males who have a natural living style, 16-55 years of age, in rural districts of Nepal were selected as subjects. Measurement of MAP was made indirectly following to the method of Margaria et al.. Each subject were given two different intensity step up and down exercises, and MAP was calculated from heart rates immediately after exercises and individual's estimated maximal heart rate. % Fat was estimated from skinfold thickness according to the method of Nagamine.
Statistically significant correlations were found both of Japanese group (r= -0.554, P<0.001) and Nepalese group (r=0.561, P<0.001), and each regression equation etween MAP (ml/kg/min) and Age (yr) were as follows :
MAP=-0.350 Age +52.121 in the case of Japanese group.
MAP=-0.446 Age +63.395 in the case of Nepalese group.
However, difference of the regression coefficient was not significant.
Mean MAP per kilogram of body weight or per kilogram of lean body mass of every Japanese age groups wese lower than those of Nepalese groups with coincidental age, respectively. Generally, it is said that the socio-economical condition of Nepal today is a similar to that of Japan in the Meiji era. Therefore, it may be considered that modernization or urbanization have lowerd the system of Japanese people.
According to the review of literatures concerning to the living style and MAP in a evolutional and comparative point of view, it may be considerd that human races have maintained the relatively high MAP like Nepalese group today. Therefore, it is said conclusionally that the maintenance of mean MAP like Nepalese group is desirable in modern society or in future ages to prevent the degeneration of functions attributing the new health problem of modern society.View full abstractDownload PDF (658K) -
—OBSERVATION ON CHILDREN—JUNZO MITSUI, TAKEOMI AKIMARU, YOSHIHIKO YAMAZAKI, MITSUMASA MIYASHITA1982 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 178-188
Published: June 01, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe metabolic rate, HR and thermal responses of 26 children, aged 7-8 years (6 boys, 7 girls) and aged 9-11 years (7 boys, 6 girls), were measured during head-out immersion in water. In the water bath, a bicycle ergometer was set and water temperature wes maintained at 26±1°C. Thirty minutes measurements of heat production (cal⋅min-1⋅m-2), HR, rectal (Tre) and skin (Tsk) temperatures were obtained under experimental conditions of resting and bicycling in water.
The rate of decrease in HR and Tre were significantly greater in the younger group than the older, irrespective of sex, in resting condition (P<0.001, P<0.01, respectively), but any differences could not be found in bicycling condition.
Heat conductanc (K) from body surface were calculated. In resting condition in water, older girl group showed K=94.1 (cal⋅m2⋅°C ⋅min-1) and younger boy group K=142.2 and in bicycling condition in water they were 213.8 and 276.9, respectively.View full abstractDownload PDF (1201K) -
HIDEKI MATOBA, TAKAO SUGIURA, NAOTOSHI MURAKAMI1982 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 189-195
Published: June 01, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS1. The effect of thyroidectomy on histochemical properties of the extensor digitorum longus and soleus muscles was studied in rats. Two or 13 months after thyroidectomy animals were killed and muscle sections of 10μm thickness were stained for succinate dehydrogenase and myosin adenosine triphosphatase activities.
2. No significant difference of the body weight was found between the thyroidectomized and sham-operated control groups. There was also no significant difference in the muscle weight between the two groups except that 13 months after thyroidectomy the soleus muscle weight was significantly lower in the thyroidectomized group than in the sham-operated control group.
3. The measurement of muscle fiber diameter revealed that fast-twitch oxidative glycolytic fibers of the soleus muscle were smaller in the thyroidectomized group than in the sham-operated control group two or 13 months after thyroidectomy.
4. The percentage of fast-twitch fibers decreased significantly after thyroidectomy with a concomitant increase in the percentage of slow-twitch fibers in both the extensor digitorum longus and soleus muscles. This finding suggests the involvement of thyroid hormone in determining a phenotypic expression of muscle fiber type.
5. The results show that thyroidectomy-induced changes differ not only between the extensor digitorum longus and soleus muscles but also between same types of fibers from the two muscles. The results also indicate that thyroidectomy-induced changes depend on the period after thyroidectomy.View full abstractDownload PDF (2983K) -
MITSUO NARUSAWA, TOSHITADA YOSHIOKA, SHOICHI NAKANO1982 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 196-204
Published: June 01, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAt early stage of rats after birth, each innervation muscle fiber is supplied by two or more motor axones which converge on to a single end-plate and become one single axon in future. And undifferentiated cells frequently observed in the interspace among muscle fibers. About 70% of number of total muscle fibers in soleus developed in 21st day after birth.
Effect of denervation on the process of muscle development is studied in this paper. Left saiatic nerve of the rats was cut at 1st, 7th, 14th, and 21st day after birth. After 2 and 4 weeks, soleus and extensor digitorum longus muscle of both legs were dissected. Right side muscles used as control. Each muscle was cut transversely at the muscle belly and quickly frozen. Frozen sections, about 10 pm thick, were stained with hematoxylin eosin and other histochemical agents. Many optical micrographs of 50 or 100 magnifications were obtained from one cross-sectioned specimen. Number of muscle fibers were calculated on combined micrographs.
The results were as follows : (1) At 2 and 4 weeks after denervation, percentage loss of muscle weight was always higher than the loss of muscle cross-sectional area. At 2 and 4 weeks after denervation, the muscle weights were reduced to 45-80% and 70-90% of the control. And denervation muscle weights highly reduced in order that of let, 7th, , 14th and 21st eray rate after birth (2) At 2 and 4 weeks after denervation, number of soleus muscle fibers were reduced to 20-50% and 50-70% of the control. (3) At 2 weeks after denervation the reduction of number of muscle fibers of 1st day old rats was smaller than that of 7 days old rats.
First and second results suggest that muscle development is certainly influenced by neurotrophic foctors. But from third result it is possible to think that muscle development at 1st day old rats is influenced by inheritfactors of the muscle.View full abstractDownload PDF (6185K) -
MITSURU HIGUCHI, ISAO HASHIMOTO, KIKUE YAMAKAWA1982 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 205-210
Published: June 01, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSForty-eight male Wistar strain rats have been used to study the effect of voluntary exercise training on the succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activity, blood lipids, and adrenal catecholamines. The animals were trained for 10 weeks with a voluntary running in revolving wheels. SDH activities in heart and skeletal muscles, total cholesterol and triglyceride in serum and adrenal catecholamines were determined right after rats reached a peak distance of voluntary running and at the end of training. Training produced no significant increase in the SDH activities of cardiac and skeletal muscles at 13 and 17 weeks of age. Physical training reduced 12%of serum cholesterol concentration (p<0.05) . The serum triglyceride concentration of trained group remained lower than that of the sedentary throughout a period of training (p<0.05) . The voluntary exercised rats had higher adrenal catecholamine concentration as compared with the sedentary at 13 weeks old (p<0.05), but there was no significant difference at 17 weeks old. These data demonstrated that voluntary training did not increase endurance capacity, and adrenal catecholamines, but lowered serum lipid levels.View full abstractDownload PDF (779K) -
1982 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 211-214
Published: June 01, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (510K) -
1982 Volume 31 Issue 3 Pages 215-224
Published: June 01, 1982
Released on J-STAGE: September 30, 2010
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (1320K)
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