巻号一覧
51 巻, 4 号
選択された号の論文の4件中1～4を表示しています
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Peter Hermes2002 年 51 巻 4 号 p. 189-192
発行日: 2002年
公開日: 2009/03/27
ジャーナル フリーKnowledge of intracranial and carotid disease in the symptomatic and especially the asymptomatic high risk population may be useful for evaluating future treatment modalities. A group of 204 symptomatic patients and 105 asymptomatic elderly patients at high risk for stroke were tested by carotid duplex ultrasound and transcranial doppler for the presence of carotid and intracranial stenosis. Quantitative measurements of the stenosis were made directly from the hard copy of the ca-rotid duplex and the transcranial doppler. Of the 204 symptomatic patients 168 (83%) had some degree of stenosis: 84 of the 204 (41%) in the intracranial circulation only, 59 (29%) in the internal carotid only, and 26 (13%) in both sets of vessels. Of the asymptomatic patients 85 (81%) had some degree of stenosis; 31 of 105 (30%) in the intracranial circulation only, 35 (33%) in the internal carotid only, and 19 (18%) in both sets of vessels. Statistical analysis did not reveal significant differences between the two groups. The large percentage of intracranial disease in the symptomatic as well as the asymp-tomatic population at high risk for stroke require further confirmation by good duplex studies of the intracranial circulation. This is important in order to create coherent treatment protocols.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (343K) -
Masashi Yoshida, Go Wakabayashi, Hideki Ishikawa, Shigeyuki Kawachi, M ...2002 年 51 巻 4 号 p. 193-200
発行日: 2002年
公開日: 2009/03/27
ジャーナル フリーMicrocirculatory disturbance of the gastric wall is a crucial factor in the development of gastric mucosal lesions induced by Helicobacter pylori, anti-inflammatory drugs and stress. Opening of the arteriovenous shunting channel after thermal injury is one of the possible mechanisms to reduce mucosal blood flow. However, no in vivo observation of arteriovenous shunting blood flow in the stomach has been reported. To assess gastric microcirculatory disturbance, especially arteriovenous shunting blood flow after thermal injury by in vivo microsciopy, male Wistar rats were anesthetized and thermal injury was inflicted on the back skin. Gastric microvascular images were observed by in vivo microscopy. Rolling of leukocytes labelled with carboxyfluorescein diacetate, succinimidyl ester were counted and blood flow dynamics were observed by flow of a micro dye, monastral blue B (MBB). The endothelial damage was assessed by deposits of MBB 5 min after the administration. Arteriovenous shunting blood flow is difficult to detect by normal methods, but it could be observed by flow of MBB after thermal injury. Statistical analysis showed a significant difference in the ratio of arteriovenous shunting blood flow detection between the control (no injury) (0%;n=15) and thermal injury (5 hrs after thermal injury) (28.6%;n=14) groups. In the thermal injury group, the percentage of rolling leukocytes and the area of monastral blue B deposits increased, and the venular walls tended to be irregular. The total length of erosion increased time-dependently after thermal injury, and the length at 5 hrs was approximately 2 times larger than that at 2 hrs. Arteriovenous shunting blood flow is intravitally observed after thermal injury. A-V shunting blood flow can be a cause of mucosal hypo-perfusion. It is suggested that the microcirculatory disturbance seen 5 hrs after thermal injury is con-tributed to the final step of erosion formation.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (3208K) -
Keiji Yamaguchi, Daisuke Uematsu, Yoshiaki Itoh, Shigeru Watanabe, Yas ...2002 年 51 巻 4 号 p. 201-207
発行日: 2002年
公開日: 2009/03/27
ジャーナル フリーThe exact time profile of superoxide generation during anoxia-reoxygenation and ischemia-reperfusion was assessed in the feline cerebral cortex in vivo using a chemiluminescence technique with a probe specific for superoxide, 2-methyl-6-[p-methoxyphenyl]-3, 7-dihydroimidazo[1, 2-α]pyrazin-3-one (MCLA). MCLA solution was superfused on the cortex throughout the protocol, and MCLA chemiluminescence was measured using a newly developed photon counting system. Reflectance at 398 run was simultaneously measured to compensate for hemodynamic artifacts resulting from cerebral blood volume changes. In 19 animals, a 90-second anoxia was induced by the inhalation of 100% ni-trogen followed by a 40-minute reoxygenation. The chemiluminescence decreased during the period of anoxia (p<0.01) and then exceeded the baseline level at 15 and 20 minutes after reoxygenation (p<0.05). In six animals, superoxide dismutase (SOD) was continuously superfused and anoxia-reoxygenation was performed in the same manner. The chemiluminescence decreased during the period of anoxia (p<0.05) but did not exceed the baseline level during the reoxygenation period, indicating that an increase in superoxide production was the main cause of the chemiluminescence in-crease. In eight animals, a 15-minute forebrain ischemia was induced by the occlusion of the bilateral common carotid arteries with systemic hypotension (systolic blood pressure less than 50mmHg) fol-lowed by a 30-minute reperfusion. The chemiluminescence decreased during the period of ischemia (p<0.01) and then increased at 20 and 25 minutes after reperfusion (p<0.05). These results indicate that superoxide generation decreases during anoxia and ischemia and then increases within 20 minutes after reoxygenation or reperfusion.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1454K) -
Michael Fu, Shinobu Matsui2002 年 51 巻 4 号 p. 208-212
発行日: 2002年
公開日: 2009/03/27
ジャーナル フリーIdiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is one of the leading causes of severe heart failure and the most common cause of heart transplantation due to its ventricular dilatations and con-tractile dysfuntions. Twenty percent of DCM is in the familiar form and the rest is sporadic. The clinical impact of DCM is far greater than its position in epidemiological terms. Despite recent improvements in therapy, both incidence and mortality are still very high. The main problem is its heterogeneous etiology. So far, three factors have been identified to be potentially important: enteroviral infection, immune mechanism and genetic factors. During the last 10 years there have been many investigations showing distinct autoantibodies or other immune factors in heterogeneous subsets of DCM which have contributed supportive and confounding evidence to the hypothesis that multiple autoimmune mecha-nisms are involved in DCM. Accumulated evidence hitherto demonstrated a variety of circulating autoantibodies in the sera of patients with DCM including antireceptor autoantibodies, myosin and ADP/ATP translocator protein, etc. Data available from both in-vitro and in-vivo studies of anti-receptor autoantibodies as well as from other autoantibodies and autoreactive lymphocytes demon-strated clearly that a subgroup of DCM is autoimmunity-mediated. This is understandable because DCM is heterogeneous, implying that different subgroups of DCNI may have different pathogeneses. It may be practical in the future to separate “autoimmune cardiomyopathy” from other “idiopathic” DCM.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (490K)
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