Miomote is a deserted village which is located in the northern part of Niigata prefecture and isolated from other villages. TUBAKI, MURAYAMA, ONUKI and ODA visited there and studied the inhabitants from the standpoint of anthropology and philology in two occasions, 1952 and 1953.
A part of the results were published previously in the Japanese Journal of Ethnology, Vol, 22, No. 1, 2. Satisfactory anthropological observation and details of measurements could not be published yet. In the present article, all of the data obtained are presented and they are compared with data obtained from control groups, (other part of Miomote), Oguni in Yamagata prefecture, and Awashima which is an isolated island in Japan Sea.
Following results seem to be features of Miomote people and the similar features can be found only in Kinki area.
1) Only a few people are hairy, especially on the chin and chest.
2) According to PCCH's facial classification, a great number of people show Type IV, while people with Type I face are very few. In addition, there are a few with faces intermediate between Type I and Type IV.
3) Percentage of people who have the high cheek bones is very high.
4) Their occipital areas are mostly flat.
5) Most of male's eyelid are single (I₄).
6) From the measurements observed, the degree of brachycephaly are completely different from those observed in neighbouring villages.
7) As for the physical characteristics, stature, length of lower extremties and chest circumference etc. are small. In other words, Miomote people have poorlybuilt bodies not like farmers who usually have strongly-built bodies.

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The following are the summary of our study on finger nails of 195 youth (112 male and 83 female students). The classification of the nail type is based on that of MARTIN-SALLrx, in which nails are classified into 11 types. In the present study each of the 11 types is further subdivided into 2 sub-types, hence 22 types in all.
1. Concerning the frequency of each finger nail type, Type II and Type II' appear with over 40% incidence on both sides of the first finger, but other types are of only less than 5% incidence. In the second finger, too, the Type II appears with over 40% incidence and type II-a in 20%. In the third finger, Type II and Type II-a' appear with about 20% incidence, but Type II is of 15% incidence which is less than half of that in the first or the second finger. In the fourth finger, Type II', Type II-a' and Type IV' appear with approximately 20% incidence, but Type II is reduced to 9 to 10%. In the fifth finger, Type II' appears in 3%, and Type I, Type II, Type II-a and Type II-a' appear in 10 to 15% respectively.
As for the frequency of each nail types in females, Type II appears in 40 to 50%, Type II' in about 30% and Type I in 10% in the first finger. In the second finger, both type II and Type II-a appear in about 20% and Type I and Type II-a in about 10%. In the third finger, both Type II-a and the Type II-a' appear in 20%, and Type II in 15% and Type II' in 10%. In the fourth finger, Type II-a' appears in more than 30%, the type II' in 15%, Type I-a and Type Vin approximately 10%. In the fifth finger, Type II-a appears in 20% to 26%, Type I-a', Type II' and Type II-a in approximately 10% to 15%.
2. There is no difference among each nail type of each finger on both sides in both males and females.
3. There is no sexual difference among each nail type in the first finger. The nail types which appear significantly larger in males are Type II in the second finger, Type II' in the second, third and the fifth fingers and Type IV' in the third, fourth and the fifth fingers. In females, Type VII in the second finger, Type I-a in the second, third, fourth and the fifth fingers, Type II-a' in the fourth finger, Type I-a' in the fifth finger appear significantly more than in males.
4. The incidence of nail types with concave-shaped covered margin is as low as about 5% in the first finger on both sides in both sexes, but is 30 to 40% in the second, third, fourth and the fifth fingers on both sides in the male and is as high as 56 to 76% in females. The sexual difference in covered nail margin is not existing in the first finger, but concave-shaped types appear significantly more in the second, third, fourth and fifth fingers of females. On the contrary, the straight covered margin appear significantly more in the second, fourth and the fifth fingers on both sides in males.
5. The nail type in which free margin does not exceed the finger tip appears in 30% on both sides in the second finger, and in more than 50% in other four fingers in males. Among females, it appears in lower percentage of about 20% in the second finger, but in more than 50% in the first, third and fifth fingers, and in more than 70% in the fourth finger. Therefore, in both sexes, the type of the nail extending to the tip of the finger is more common in the second finger, whereas, in the fourth finger, the type of the nail which does not extend to the tip of the finger is more common.

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The University of Tokyo Scientific Expedition to the Andes was sent to South America in 1958 to carry out a general survey in Peru and Bolivia. Small scale excavations at Garbanzal near Tumbes City turned out to be very interesting. Many objects, dishes, bowles, goblets and jars so far unknown to the Peruvian archeology, which suggest the relationship with those of the northern Andes, were discovered, and a goblet with a high leg has an evident similarity with that of Guangala, Ecuador. Carbon analysis applied to the fragmentary wood revealed the date to be 1740 B. P.±70, which is consistent with the date of Guangala estimated by Estrada (1958). We published the results obtained in Andes, the Report of the University of Tokyo Scientific Expedition to the Andes in 1958.
A group of our Second Expedition in 1960 digged new pits at Garbanzal and also at Pechiche nearby to examine the stratigraphic contex of the Garbanzal culture. Archeological sites of Pechiche showed good stratigraphy, the excavation of which confirmed us the existence of something like a dwelling bed at a depth of 70 centimeters, a stratum of yellow clay lower than 180 centimeters well discriminative from the upper layer, and a virgin soil. Vessel shards of Garbanzal type (Fig. 2, 3, 10) were unearthed from the layer above the 180 centimeter level, while the lower layer yielded different and more artistic types of ceramics : a black bowl with anthropomorphic face representing a left half of it, a brown vessel with an annular base and broad incisions of standing human figure, and a shard with corrugated face which has a round protuberance with a hole in the center at the glabella, etc. (Fig. 5, 6, 7). Some of them are painted after baking and have high relieves with deep incisions. These characteristics may suggest correspondence of the culture of lower layer at Pechiche to that of middle or late formative period in the Andes. The absolute date of the material will be reported in near future by the analysis of carbon which was collected abunduntly.

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