Journal of Home Economics of Japan
Online ISSN : 1882-0352
Print ISSN : 0913-5227
ISSN-L : 0913-5227
Volume 48, Issue 10
Displaying 1-13 of 13 articles from this issue
  • Study of Working Couples in Setagaya, Tokyo, in 1995
    Kaoru HORIUCHI, Hiroko AMANO, Jun ITO
    1997 Volume 48 Issue 10 Pages 851-864
    Published: October 15, 1997
    Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The time use survey we conducted in 1995 shows that more husbands participated in housework than in 1990; the increase was especially notable among those with full-time working wives. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the gender relations between husbands and wives regarding housework in order to clarify stipulating factors of housework. Time diaries and questionnaire on housework were analyzed, and the results are as follows :
    Most wives did food-related housework, and unemployed wives considered housework as their job. Those husbands who did housework did not always regard it their part of the job to engage in housework. The expectation of wives towards their husbands was high on participation in child-care, and husbands' participation was equally high. On the other hand, the expectation of husbands towards their wives was mainly on meal preparation and clothing care. Part-time employed wives generally expected their husbands to take part in housework, but their husbands did not seem to respond to the expectation; they seemed to depend on the other members of the family to do housework. In other words, the traditional gender roles were played in those households with part-time working wives. It was noted that, in spite of the hesitation on the part of unemployed wives for the other members of the family to take part in housework, those wives were much less hesitant to socialization through meal preparation with other wives as well as to meals outside their households. Part-time employed wives were the most hesitant to both socialization and outside meals.
    The stipulating factors of housework were the length of paid working hours, the consciousness of gender roles, and the household skills.
    Download PDF (2282K)
  • Yu MIZUHO, Yasuko MUTO
    1997 Volume 48 Issue 10 Pages 865-874
    Published: October 15, 1997
    Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Two infants were chosen to study what they turn their gaze on during their infancy of 3 to 12 months after birth. Their line of vision was investigated to analyze the triadic relationship of Infant-Object-Person. The infants were respectively observed at home together with mother at the monthly intervals of 10 months. The main findings were as follows :
    Keeping pace with growth, the infants looked at objects more frequently; visual attention to objects showed particularly high percentage 4 to 5 months after birth. They looked at their mothers' face more frequently at a physically high synchronic period of 3 months old, but the frequency began to decrease 4 months after birth and reached nearly zero by around the time when they were 9 months old. Their visual attention to mother's hands, which handled objects, was observed remarkably more often 6 to 7 months after birth, but began to take place less often around 9 months after birth.
    The findings show the process of the development of pre-verbal infants; Infant-Person coordination gain an advantage until 3 months old, but Infant-Object coordination gain an advantage from 4 to 8 months old, with Infant-Object-Person coordination becoming dominant after 9 months old. It was also clarified that, during the process of forming Infant-Object-Person coordination, the infants paid attention to mother's hands, recognizing the hands with the mother, i.e., the Object-Person coordination had already been made before the infants paid attention to their mothers' face.
    Download PDF (1751K)
  • Relationship between the Physicochemical Properties and Structure of Cooked Rice (Part 2)
    Hiro IKEDA, Toshiaki KIMURA, Keiko OGAWA, Noriko KUCHIBA
    1997 Volume 48 Issue 10 Pages 875-884
    Published: October 15, 1997
    Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The results of our preceding examination showed that the degree of hydration of the starch grains in cooked rice was implied in the taste of cooked rice. We further examined the effect of heating conditions during rice cooking on the hydration of starch grains in cooked rice.
    A scanning electron microscopic analysis showed that the gelatinization of cooked Koshihikari rice proceeded inversely to the heat supplied during cooking. In cooked rice with full gelatinization, the starch had swollen markedly and gaps between the starch cells were indistinct. On the other hand, cooked Yukihikari rice, regardless of the heating conditions had distinct gaps between the starch cells and the starch had swollen much less. The evaluation of the taste of cooked Yukihikari was lower than that of cooked Koshihikari.
    These results indicate that insufficient swelling of starch grains caused by difficult influx of water to starch cells in the endosperm led to an inferior taste of cooked rice.
    Download PDF (4267K)
  • Kimiko KURIMOTO, Hatsue MORITAKA, Keiko FUJII, Hiro OGOSHI, Nobuko NAK ...
    1997 Volume 48 Issue 10 Pages 885-892
    Published: October 15, 1997
    Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The thermal and rheological properties of κ-carrageenan (C : 0.9-2.7% (w/v)) and gelatin (G : 4.0-12.0% (w/v)) gels mixed in various ratios were investigated. The mixed gels were prepared in the ratios of C-G (1 : 0), C-G (3 : 1), C-G (1 : 1), C-G (1 : 3) and C-G (0 : 1). The DSC cooling and heating curves indicate the highest and lowest peaks of the C-G (1 : 3) mixed gel at any concentration to be superimposed, while these two peaks are separated for the C-G (3 : 1) mixed gels. The storage modulus values obtained for the mixed gels indicate that the gelation of all the samples was offset by mixing κ-carrageenan and gelatin. The rupture stress and rupture energy of the C-G (3 : 1) mixed gels at any concentration were relatively low, while the figures for the C-G (1 : 3) mixed gels were higher. These results enabled us to consider that the network structure of the C-G (3 : 1) mixed gels was mainly composed of the κ-carrageenan fraction.
    Download PDF (1170K)
  • Keiko WATANABE, Hiroko TAKABU, Tomoko OMURA
    1997 Volume 48 Issue 10 Pages 893-902
    Published: October 15, 1997
    Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The present study examined the perceptions related to the fit of ready-to-wear garments and identified the fitting problems in order to improve pattern design for elderly women. The data were obtained through questionnaries on a group of women 65 years and older (n : 280) and a group of middle-aged women (n 268) as a control group, in 1994. Both groups lived in the Kanto and Chubu areas of Japan. 1) Bodely features such as rounded back, stooped posture and bent knee were perceived more frequently by elderly women than middle-aged women. 2) Fitting problems were commonly perceived mainly in the abdomen, shoulder and arm hole areas by the two groups. Sleeves or inseams of pants which were too long and little ease around the hips were common problems for the two groups of women. 3) The fitting problems which might be affected by stooped postures of elderly women were revealed through factor analysis. The results of this study clearly suggested that analyzing of elderly women's body shapes based on three dimensional measurements can assist in improving pattern design for them.
    Download PDF (1520K)
  • Clothing Worn by Sufferers of the Great Hanshin Earthquake (Part 2)
    Etsuko KIOKA, Tomoko OMURA, Yuki MORI
    1997 Volume 48 Issue 10 Pages 903-913
    Published: October 15, 1997
    Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    A study was conducted on risk-management of clothing that may help people protect themselves physically and psychologically from the shock of an emergency such as the Great Hanshin Earthquake. This study resulted from a determination of the hardships sufferers experienced in and after the earthquake, as was clarified in our first report.
    It was learned that most of the sufferers had their greatest interest in clothing against the cold at the time of their emergent escape during that winter season, in the order of overcoats and then underwear, either wrapped or collected randomly. Through their devastated, waterless living that followed, they paid efforts especially in the procurement of underwears.
    Those who took advantage of relief materials accounted for only 33.1 % of all sufferers. This benefit naturally centered on sufferers living in officially-provided residences. Underwear, however, was not necessarily welcome because of size, cleanliness, etc.
    A survey conducted 1 year after the earthquake showed that 31 % of sufferers whose houses were partially destroyed had never previously set aside “emergency clothing.” Most of the sufferers felt it was important to do so only immediately after the disaster.
    Now the necessity for risk-management education of clothing, such as keeping a stock of underwear for emergencies, has been brought to light.
    Download PDF (2078K)
  • Noriko SAITO, Ichiro NISHIMURA
    1997 Volume 48 Issue 10 Pages 915-923
    Published: October 15, 1997
    Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The purpose of this study is to clarify by means of interview the factors influencing the degree of the family contacts at the houses for the elderly (HFE).
    The results are as follows : of the four basic factors (visit, phone call, return visit, and staying out), the phone call showed the highest contact frequency.
    The sub-determining factors for the family contact frequency are :
    1) Visit : Firstly, the existence of children, and secondly, the type of HFE.
    2) Phone call : Firstly, the type of HFE, and secondly, the health conditions of the elderly.
    3) Return visit : Firstly, the health conditions of the elderly, and secondly, the location of HFE.
    4) Staying out : Firstly, the type of the family structure before institutionalization into HFE, and secondly, the health conditions of the elderly.
    Availability of private rooms affect the visit, and access to a private line affects the phone call. The urban HFEs showed high rates of return visits due to an easy access to transportation.
    Download PDF (1580K)
  • Reiko MACHIDA
    1997 Volume 48 Issue 10 Pages 925-932
    Published: October 15, 1997
    Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    In this paper, the graduate housewife means a housewife with higher education.
    Objective : The goal of this study is to develop house planning to enable independent lifestyles for all family members. This report aims at assessing the actual conditions and effects of providing the graduate housewife with private space. Method : Survey of different age groups by means of mailed questionnaire. The survey was conducted in October, 1994. Results : 1) Approximately 60% of graduate housewives claim to have their own “private space.” 2) Approximately 50 % of these (graduate housewives having their own private space) claim to have “isolated private space.” 3) The proportion of graduate housewives having their own private space is higher in families with no child than in families with a child or children. 4) The proportion of graduate housewives having their own private space is higher in families living together with parent (s) than in nuclear families. 5) Fifty percent of graduate housewives having their private space feel that they are “liberated” of their family and their private space is “of much use.” 6) The proportion of graduate housewives having their own private space is higher than that of graduate housewives not having their own private space if the area of the house affords greater than 40 m2 for each person.
    Download PDF (1522K)
  • Masako FUKUSHIMA, Emiko TAKEYAMA, Yoshihiro NAKAGAWA
    1997 Volume 48 Issue 10 Pages 933-937
    Published: October 15, 1997
    Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The applicability of GL-E film with vapor-deposited SiOx to replace existing aluminium metalized film as a food packaging material was investigated. Commercial potato chips packed in clear, white-or silver-printed GL-E and aluminium metalized films were stored for 4 weeks at room temperature under fluorescent lights. The peroxide value (POV) and TBA value of the oil extracted from the stored potato chips were measured, and their flavor was examined by a sensory test and color check. The POV and TBA values of extracts from potato chips packed with either the clear or white-printed GL-E film increased, and their flavor deteriorated. The quality of potato chips packed with the silver-printed GL-E film retained as good condition as that with aluminium metalized packaging.
    Download PDF (597K)
  • Makiko TADA
    1997 Volume 48 Issue 10 Pages 939-940
    Published: October 15, 1997
    Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (609K)
  • Yoshiko SAKA
    1997 Volume 48 Issue 10 Pages 941-942
    Published: October 15, 1997
    Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Download PDF (426K)
  • Yasuo NISHIMURA
    1997 Volume 48 Issue 10 Pages 943-944
    Published: October 15, 1997
    Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
  • [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
    1997 Volume 48 Issue 10 Pages 945-948
    Published: October 15, 1997
    Released on J-STAGE: March 09, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
feedback
Top