Journal of Home Economics of Japan
Online ISSN : 1882-0352
Print ISSN : 0913-5227
ISSN-L : 0913-5227
Volume 52, Issue 3
Displaying 1-12 of 12 articles from this issue
  • Tomoko KIMURA, Tatsuyuki SUGAHARA, Kiyoshi KAMEDA, Hiroko SASAKI, Yoko ...
    2001 Volume 52 Issue 3 Pages 227-234
    Published: March 15, 2001
    Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    The block type and fine thread type of konnyaku products were produced from refined powder by ultrasonic irradiation, and their physicochemical properties and sensory characteristics were evaluated.
    Compared with the unirradiated powder, the powder refined by ultrasonic irradiation had high whiteness, and the contents of trimethylamine and dimethylamine were significantly lower. The irradiated powder also had a higher content of dietary fiber. When observed under a scanning electron microscope, it exhibited a surface structure with clear depressions and wrinkles which may have resulted from the ultrasonication.
    In comparison with the block type and fine thread type of konnyaku produced from unirradiated powder, those produced from the irradiated powder had a white and transparent appearance, while demonstrating a small rupture stress, high softness and large rupture strain. When observed microsopically, they exhibited the network structure of mannan particle gel with a thick tissue structural wall and large gaps. The sensory evaluation showed that the block type and fine thread type of konnyaku produced from the irradiated powder were preferred to those produced from the unirradiated powder.
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  • Takao NAGANO, Katsuyoshi NISHINARI
    2001 Volume 52 Issue 3 Pages 235-240
    Published: March 15, 2001
    Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    Spray-dried egg white (EW) suspensions of 10, 20, 30 and 40 weight% were heated for 5 min at 100, 120, 140 and 160°C. The rheological properties of the heat-induced EW gels were investigated by stress-relaxation testing. The obtained stress-relaxation spectra were analyzed with four-elements of the double Maxwell model in parallel. The four elements and two relaxation times, E1, E2, η1, η2, τ1, and τ212) were each determined, where E1 reflects the dynamic properties of the three-dimensional network structure of a gel. The value of E1 increased logarithmically with increasing EW concentration, but was not affected by the temperature. The τ1 rapidly increased from 140°C to 160°C, while τ2 decreased with decreasing EW concentration. The changes in the rheological properties at high temperature strongly depended on the EW concentration.
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  • Keiko NAGAO, Sachio MATSUMOTO
    2001 Volume 52 Issue 3 Pages 241-249
    Published: March 15, 2001
    Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    An assembly of heating system was devised for detecting the temperatures along by the one-dimensional axis (x-axis) within 5 mm from the heating plane in food samples of different moisture content and in food models during heating in a metal vessel at 105°C. The thermal diffusivity of the samples was also evaluated, from measurements of their heat capacity, thermal conductivity, and density. The results obtained can be summarized, as follows :
    1) Thermal conduction in the samples was characterized by conductive heat transfer, irrespective of the amount of moisture.
    2) The curve of increasing temperature at each location on the x-axis in every sample could be represented by an exponential equation derived from the assumption that a retardation phenomenon plays a role in the thermal conduction.
    3) A linear relationship was found between the reciprocal retardation time in the above exponential equation and the thermal diffusivity by a double-logarithmic plot for all the samples.
    4) The experimental results indicate that this study should be quantitatively developed to identify the role of the water component in the thermal conduction of foodstuffs during cooking.
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  • Masae NAKANISHI, Masako NIWA
    2001 Volume 52 Issue 3 Pages 251-264
    Published: March 15, 2001
    Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    This paper deals with the effect of fabric mechanical parameters on the beauty of fabric movement of a one-piece dress TAV (total appearance value). A total of 40 female students evaluated the TAV of randomly-changed loose-fitting dresses on a movable mannequin that simulated walking conditions. The dresses were one-piece dresses made from 25 kinds of fabric. The mechanical properties of the fabrics were measured with the KES-FB system under a set of standardized conditions for ladies' thin dress fabrics. In order to correlate the TAV with the fabric mechanical properties more closely, we thought that the measurement conditions should be reconsidered to be near the force levels applied to the fabric of a one-piece dress during a walking condition. Therefore, we also made a trial tester based on a KES-Labo model to measure the tensile and shear properties. Using this tester, we measured the tensile property under a lower tensile force than the standardized condition for a KES-FB1, as well as the shear property in smaller shear deformations under smaller tension applied to the edge of a fabric specimen that is almost the same level as the fabric weight of a dress. The contributions to the TAV made by the basic mechanical properties of fabrics, as well as by parameters derived from the basic mechanical parameters related to clothing appearance, were investigated using multiple regression analysis. The results show that the tensile property is closely related to the TAV, although the bending and shearing properties have been mainly discussed in previous research on the beauty of movement of ladies' dresses. The findings obtained in this study could be applied as a set of basic data for the selection of fabric materials for making dresses as the designer intended, for the development of new materials, and so on.
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  • Case Study on Residents of Housing of the Housing and Urban Development Corporation in Nara and Hamamatsu
    Noriko IMAI, Toko TADA
    2001 Volume 52 Issue 3 Pages 265-276
    Published: March 15, 2001
    Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
    This paper presents the changes in people's preferences for housing and residential areas in an attempt to make clear the influence, considered to be significant, caused by the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake. These influences and changes will affect how people view housing and consequently influence the future trend in the housing market. This paper discusses the result of a survey of residents of HUD owned rental housing in Nara (located in the same Kinki region) and Hamamatsu (expected the large earthquake “Tokai Earthquake”) in an attempt to obtain a better understanding of regional differences.
    With regard to preference for type of housing, most of the people who were influenced by the earthquake tend not to prefer high-rise or super high-rise housing, and instead showed their preference to medium-rise or low-rise housing. With regard to preference for floor level, more people chose medium level floors. It is thought that people in Nara and Hamamatsu consider heights up to medium levels closer enough to the ground to lie within the bounds of feeling safe as was the case for people in the disaster area.
    With regard to preference for type of ownership, residents of HUD rental housing in this survey have become increasingly in favor of public housing because of the feeling of greater security as was the case for people in the disaster. This response was more evident in the case of people in their 60's and 70's and above many of whom intended to permanently live in their rental properties. As for preference to types of structure, not many people preferred the conventional wooden structure. It is thought that the people in Nara and Hamamatsu did not forget many conventional wooden structure houses collapsed at the time surveyed, 1 year after the earthquake, and they imaged conventional wooden structure is vulnerable to earthquakes. With regard to the preference for location of housing, the desire to live in suburban areas of the people appears to have been strengthened, reflecting the effect of the heavy damage this earthquake caused to high-density city areas. People who visited the disaster area and whose relatives lived in the disaster area were more influenced by the earthquake than others. The people in Hamamatsu were more influenced by the earthquake than those in Nara because they have been expecting and making preparations for the “Tokai Earthquake.”
    Preferences for housing and residential areas were also influenced by factors such as the conditions of the ground supporting the building, structure of the housing, density of housing, maintenance of housing, neighborhood and local community, proximity to relatives' homes. Overall, there appears to be significant changes in the perception of the importance of these factors as a result of the earthquake as was the case for people in the disaster.
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  • Miyako HORIE
    2001 Volume 52 Issue 3 Pages 277-278
    Published: March 15, 2001
    Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Yohko YAMAGUCHI
    2001 Volume 52 Issue 3 Pages 279-280
    Published: March 15, 2001
    Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Sumiko ABE
    2001 Volume 52 Issue 3 Pages 281-283
    Published: March 15, 2001
    Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • [in Japanese]
    2001 Volume 52 Issue 3 Pages 285-286
    Published: March 15, 2001
    Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • [in Japanese]
    2001 Volume 52 Issue 3 Pages 287-288
    Published: March 15, 2001
    Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Eri OOTSU
    2001 Volume 52 Issue 3 Pages 289-292
    Published: March 15, 2001
    Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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  • Yasuko MINOURA
    2001 Volume 52 Issue 3 Pages 293-297
    Published: March 15, 2001
    Released on J-STAGE: March 10, 2010
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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