巻号一覧
41 巻, 5 号
選択された号の論文の9件中1～9を表示しています
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
井上 芳樹, 二宮 ルリ子, 小泉 直子, 塚本 利之1986 年 41 巻 5 号 p. 793-799
発行日: 1986/12/31
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリーMTはCd暴露に対して防御作用を有すると考えられている。本研究では,シクロヘキシミド(Cy)によりMT合成を抑制された場合,Cd暴露によって血清中酵素活性,肝,腎中Cd,Zn,Cu濃度ならびに肝,腎上清中の3金属の結合蛋白組成に如何なる影響を及ぼすかについて雌雄のマウスを用いて実験を行い,以下の結果を得た。
1) Cy,Cdの同時投与により肝中MT濃度は,Cd単独投与群に比べて,雄30%,雌で19%に減少し,腎では雄で55%,雌で64%に減少した。
2) Cy,Cdの同時投与により肝Cd濃度は,Cd単独投与群に比べて雌雄共に約85%に減少し,腎Cd濃度は雄で124%,雌で112%に増加した。
3) 肝,腎中Zn,Cu濃度に対して,MT合成抑制による影響は認められなかった。
4) 肝上清の蛋白結合Cdの組成は,Cd投与によりMT画分に雄75%,雌82%存在したが,Cy,Cdの同時投与により,雄45%,雌28%に減少し,高分子量画分のCd割合が増加した。腎のホモゲナイズ上清では,Cd投与群においても大部分が高分子量蛋白に結合していたため,MT合成抑制によるMT画分のCdの減少は著変を示さなかった。
5) 肝,腎上清の蛋白結合Znは,対照群,Cd投与群共に,すべてMTより高分子量蛋白に結合して存在しているため,MT合成抑制による影響は認められなかった。
6) 肝,腎上清の蛋白結合Cuは,対照群,Cd投与群に共に大部分のCuがMTより高分子量蛋白に結合して存在しているため,MT合成抑制による著変は認められなかった。
7) Cd暴露に対するMT合成抑制による血清酵素活性(GOT,GPT,Al-P,LAP)および血清Cu濃度への影響は明らかでなかった。
以上より,Cd暴露時にMT合成が抑制された場合,肝中CdはMT以外の蛋白に結合する割合が多くなると共に,腎へのCd移行が促進され腎中Cd濃度が高くなることが示唆された。抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (844K) -
下条 信弘, 佐野 憲一, 渡辺 博且, 山口 誠哉1986 年 41 巻 5 号 p. 800-806
発行日: 1986/12/31
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリーThe present study was undertaken to investigate the precursory effects of methylmercury poisoning by measuring the locomotor activity of rats.
Methylmercury was administered to male rats mixed in the rat food. The period of administration was 30 days. The effects on the rats exposed to a level of 100ppm of methylmercury were evaluated from the 6th week to the time of death, based on the locomotor activity, body weight and food intake.
Methylmercury-fed rats showed decreased weight gain and food intake compared with the controls for the first 7 days. When the animals were given methylmercury, the rats began to die at 21 days, 4/4 of rats dying by the 28 days therafter. At the time when all of the experimental rats died, the average body weight had decreased to 52.6% of that of age-matched controls. The mercury concentration in the brain was 22.2±2.2, μg/g after 24 days of methylmercury administration.
The levels of locomotor activity were measured by ANIMEX-III daily from the 6th week until the time of death. During the experimental period, the body weights of control rats increased, but locomotor activity did not change. In the nocturnal, diurnal and daily locomotor activities, the time course changes of mercury-treated rats decreased significantly when compared to those of age-matched controls (p<0.05), and then returned to normal values. Methylmercury poisoning is thought to induce several types of developmental behavior. We found a significant relationship between methylmercury-containing-food intake and locomotor activity levels in nocturnal (r=0.45), durnal (r=0.59) and daily (r=0.52) periods (p<0.001) from the time of methylmercury administration to the onset of hind leg crossing symptom. However, a causal relationship after the appearance of this dysfunction has not been demonstrated here.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (880K) -
堀 義治, 三好 保, 今木 雅英1986 年 41 巻 5 号 p. 807-816
発行日: 1986/12/31
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリー徳島市域23行政区画における事象別公害苦情件数,都市形態データ,都市基盤施設データ,住民意識データを解析することにより,次のような知見を得た。
1.都市形態データにより解析された地域特性と地域別・事象別公害苦情の間には,次のような有意な相関が認められた。
都市商業性が高い地域と振動,騒音苦情は正の回帰を,また水質汚濁苦情とは負の回帰を示す有意な相関が得られた。一方,住商工混在地域と粉塵,煤煙,悪臭苦情の間には正の回帰を示す相関が認められた。
2.都市基盤施設データと公害苦情件数の間に,次の有意な相関が認められた。
都市基盤施設の整備状況と振動,騒音苦情との間に,正の回帰を示す有意な相関が,また水質汚濁との間に,負の回帰を示す有意な相関が認められた。一方,日常生活の利便性の成分と粉塵,悪臭苦情は負の回帰を示していた。
3.住民意識調査中にみる各地区住民の潜在的意識特性と公害苦情件数との間に,相関のある説明変数が選択された。
以上のように,公害苦情件数と各種地域特性や行政施策また住民意識との間には統計上有意な相関があり,社会衛生学的に公害苦情件数が地域環境衛生状態の有用な指標になることが認められた。抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1325K) -
(第1報)わかめヨードの消化吸収山田 勇樹, 三好 保, 今木 雅英, 吉村 武1986 年 41 巻 5 号 p. 817-821
発行日: 1986/12/31
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリーThe digestibility of iodine from the seaweed Undaria pinnatifida was examined in four male students. After 5 days on basal diets, each subject received a diet to which seaweed added for 15 days (5day; 10g added, 5day; 20g added, 5day; 40g added). Urine and feces were collected completely throughout the experimental periods and the content of iodine in these excreta was determined.
The results were as follows: 1) Digestibility of iodine was 77.2±5.9% (10g added), 65.5+2.8% (20g added), 52.5±7.5% (40g added), respectively. 2) Net iodine availability of iodine for 5, 10, and 15 days was 14.4±3.0%, 11.7+1.9, 4.8±1.1%, respectively.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (509K) -
吉田 宗弘, 原 一郎1986 年 41 巻 5 号 p. 822-827
発行日: 1986/12/31
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリーThe effect of dietary protein quality on chlorobenzene metabolism and its toxicity was studied. Male weanling Wistar rats were fed diets composed of purified whole egg protein (PEP), wheat gluten, or soybean protein isolate (SPI) at an 18% protein level. After being fed for 3 weeks, the rats were injected with chlorobenzene (1.0mmol/kg body weight) intraperitoneally. In the rats fed the SPI diet, chlorobenzene administration caused hepatic microscopic changes and the elevation of serum GOT and GPT activities. On the other hand, the rats fed the PEP or the gluten diet did not show these toxic symptoms. The hepatic glutathione levels and urinary 4-chlorophenylmercapturic acid excretion of the rats fed SPI diet were markedly lower than those of the other rats. It is considered that the hepatic glutathione level was not sufficient for the conversion of chlorobenzene administered to the mercapturic acid in the rats fed the SPI diet. These results indicate that chlorobenzene metabolism and its toxicity are modified by dietary protein quality, especially the level of dietary sulfur-containing amino acids.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (731K) -
脇阪 一郎, 安藤 哲夫, 柳橋 次雄1986 年 41 巻 5 号 p. 828-835
発行日: 1986/12/31
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリーScalp hair and blood samples were collected from 151 persons who were living in several places in Kagoshima-prefecture and supposedly had no abnormal exposures to mercury compounds. Hair was analysed for total mercury and blood was analysed for serum lipid fatty acids. The study subjects were also individually questioned on the amounts of average fish intake in a day. Results obtained were as follows:
1) Hair mercury levels were significantly higher in males than in females, the average values being 11.95±9.15ppm with a maximum of 45.5ppm for males and 7.05±5.36ppm with a maximum of 25.8ppm for females. The hair mercury levels increased with increases in the amount of daily fish consumption for both sexes with an indication that such increases might be attributable to the fish consumption.
2) Serum concentrations of eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5, EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6, DHA) both of which belong to the ω-3 series of polyunsaturated fatty acid, and the value of EPA/AA (a ratio of 20:5 for arachidonic acid) also increased with an increase of daily fish consumption for both sexes, indicating that these values can give quite valuable information in the assessment of individual fish consumption.
3) When comparison was made taking into account of the amount of daily fish consumption, however, there were no significant differences of hair mercury levels between the sexes, particularly for those having a low intake of fish.
4) There were no significant differences between the sexes for the serum concentrations of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid but the value of EPA/AA was significantly higher in males than in females, suggesting that males have a partiality for a fish diet as compared with females.
5) When the serm concentration of eicosapentaenoic acid or docosahexaenoic acid was used as an indicator for evaluation of the amount of fish consumption, the hair mercury levels showed a tendency to increase along with the values of these indicators for both males and females. However, the hair mercury levels were significantly higher in males than in females even when the comparison was made taking into account of the values of these indicators, which could not be explained only by the amount of fish consumption.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1142K) -
福岡県における川崎病を例に中村 好一1986 年 41 巻 5 号 p. 836-842
発行日: 1986/12/31
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリーThe validity of disease surveillance is evaluated using the data about Kawasaki Disease from two different sources, one from the surveillance of infectious diseases of Fukuoka Prefecture, and the other from the nationwide survey of Kawasaki Disease conducted by the Japan Kawasaki Disease Research Committee (Chief: Dr. Tomisaku Kawasaki). The time trend of cases of Kawasaki Disease reported weekly in Fukuoka Prefecture from 1981 to 1984, both in the prefectural surveillance and in the nationwide survey, are compared and the validity and usefulness of the prefectural surveillance data in forecasting and quick recognition of epidemics are discussed.
The results can be summarized as follows:
1) The correlation coefficients between the numbers of cases reported weekly by the two sources were statistically significant.
2) The number of epidemic weeks, which were defined as the weekly number of patients in the nationwide survey being more than 10 (or the mean number in the non-epidemic years, 1983 and 1984+2 standard deviations or more), was 45 in the 4 observation years (207 weeks).
3) A higher correlation coefficient between the weekly numbers of cases in the nationwide survey and the prefectural surveillance was obtained by taking the data reported in the three previous weeks in the prefectural surveillance as well as the corresponding week. The weight of the respective data from the previous weeks was estimated through a multiple regression analysis.
4) The efficacy of the estimation based on the formula thus obtained was evaluated. With the most effective screening criteria, the sensitivity rate or probability of classifying the epidemic week in the nationwide survey as epidemic was as high as 88.9%, and the specificity rate or probability of classifying the non-epidemic week as non-epidemic was 70.4%.
5) From these observations, it is concluded that the number of patients observed in the three previous weeks, as well as in the corresponding week, seems to give information important for deciding the existence of epidemics when utilizing prefectural surveillance data.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (743K) -
林 正利, 大平 修二, 松井 寿夫1986 年 41 巻 5 号 p. 843-850
発行日: 1986/12/31
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリーThe concentrations of calcium, sodium, zinc, magnesium, potassium, copper and iron in fingernails of 199 male and 220 female subjects aged 1 to 83 years were determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy. To facilitate comparison, the relative concentration was calculated by normalizing the concentration of each element to that of untreated nails (100%). Of the seven elements in nails washed with nonionic detergent, the concentration of Na (101%) was the highest, followed by Zn (97%), Cu (88%), Fe (87%), Ca (79%), K (78%) and Mg (63%). Trace element concentrations in fingernails show large variability and usually have a skewed frequency distribution pattern, which calls for logarithmic data transformation rather than an arithmetric mean, this giving a more suitable estimate of each element. The concentrations of Ca, Mg and Fe in fingernails were significantly higher in the males than in the females when the subject pool was broken down by sex. Both sex groups over the age of 60 years exhibited significant decreases of Ca and increases of Na or K.
The correlations of log Na-log K (female: r=0.857, male: r=0.793) and Ca-Mg (female: r=0.892, male: r=0.838) were the strongest obtained in this study. There were significantly positive correlations between husband and wife, father or mother and son, and mother and daughter for several elements in fingernails. These correlations may be explained by the similar eating habits and life styles of such couples.
To date there is very little information on human fingernail trace element concentrations. The results of this study can be used as basic data for trace element study in human fingernails.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (773K) -
N-butyl-N-(4-hydrokybutyl) nitrosamine (BBN)誘発ラット膀胱発癌に及ぼす炎症の影響本田 政幸1986 年 41 巻 5 号 p. 851-862
発行日: 1986/12/31
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリーAdministrations of 0.01% and 0.005% BBN were undertaken in female Sprague Dawley rats (aged 12 weeks) and female Wistar rats (aged 16 weeks) for 4 and 8 weeks, respectively. Escherichia coli isolated from the urine of patients with urinary tract infections, which invade the rat tunica mucosa vesicae urinariae to varying degrees, were transurethrally inoculated into the bladder.
When 0.1ml of 103/ml bacteria of a highly invasive strain was inoculated twice at intervals of 2 weeks before, during and after the administration of 0.01% BBN, the incidences of tumors were 64.3% (9/14), 57.1% (8/14) and 46.7% (7/15), respectively. Administration of BBN alone resulted in a tumor incidence of 33.3% (5/15). Transitional cell carcinoma was observed in only two animals in which inflammation was induced after BBN administration.
Among the animals given 0.005% BBN after the induction of inflammation, 69.2% (9/13) of those inoculated twice with 0.1ml of 103/ml bacteria of the highly invasive strain at intervals of 4 weeks had tumors (papilloma in one and hyperplasia in eight). The incidence of tumors in animals which had the combined treatment was lower than the 77.8% (14/18) found in the animals which received only a single administration of BBN (hyperplasia in 14), but the tumors were larger in the latter group. The incidence was highest in animals inoculated four times with 0.1ml of 105/ml bacteria of a moderately invasive strain at intervals of three weeks, 87.6% (14/16). Half of them had transitional cell carcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma. There were significant differences (p<0.01) in both the number of tumors occurring in one animal and the sizes of the tumors in the single administration group and the combined treatment group. In contrast, the incidence was lowest, 43.8% (7/16), in animals inoculated four times with 0.1ml of 108/ml bacteria of a moderately invasive strain at intervals of three weeks. All the animals with tumors showed simple hyperplasia of less than 1mm in diameter, indicating a decrease in carcinogenesis.
From these results, it was concluded that tissues with inflammatory changes are more likely to be initiated by a carcinogenic substance than are normal tissues, in so far as the inflammatory changes induce no separation or destruction of basal cells even if superficial cells are separated. When inflammatory changes occurred in the tissues during the promotive stage, the inflammation stimuli also exerted a promoting effect on tumor formation.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (8205K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|