巻号一覧
45 巻, 6 号
選択された号の論文の8件中1～8を表示しています
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三澤 哲夫, 重田 定義, 野島 晋1991 年 45 巻 6 号 p. 1029-1034
発行日: 1991/02/15
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリーHealth effects of video games were examined with a questionnaire survey and an experimental study. In the survey, age, sex, playing time with video games in a day, viewing distance between the eyes and the television screen, subjective symptoms of eye strain, and changes of visual acuity were investigated in 2, 034 male and 2, 321 female primary school children. In the experimental study, the visual loads of a one-hour word processing task and a video game were compared with various indices, such as critical flicker fusion, near point distance, blinking counts, eyeball movement, pupillary reflex and subjective fatigue symptoms in ten healthy male college students.
The results of this study were as follows:
1) The viewing distance between the eyes and the TV screen was shorter for video games than for watching TV programs.
2) The rate of complains related to eye strain in children who played video games over 120min per day was significantly higher than that of other children.
3) The eye movements during video games were more rapid and frequent than those during conventional VDT work.
4) A decrease in CFF value and an extension of near point distance and an increase in subjective fatigue symptoms were demonstrated for both the word processing task and the video game. No significant differences were observed between the above two experimental conditions. This suggests that the visual loads for video games are similar to those for VDT work.
These findings suggest that regulating the playing time to 60 minutes or less per day is necessary to prevent negative health effects in children.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (728K) -
東 あかね, 渡辺 能行, 小笹 晃太郎, 厳 善〓, 林 恭平, 青池 晟, 川井 啓市, 多田 正大1991 年 45 巻 6 号 p. 1035-1043
発行日: 1991/02/15
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリーIn order to evaluate the epidemiological characteristics of ulcerative colitis, we conducted a matched case-control study of ulcerative colitis. Fifty patients with ulcerative colitis diagnosed at three hospitals in Kyoto, Osaka and Hyogo Prefectures in Japan during 1984 and 1987 were interviewed about their habitual and pre-illness diets, personal habits, past histories and family histories. The results were compared to those for fifty healthy controls who were matched for sex and age (±2 years) and participated in health-screening examinations in Kyoto or Osaka during the same period.
Frequent intake of rice (4 or more bowls a day), bread (3 or more times a week), and green tea (7 or more cups a day) significantly increased the relative risk of ulcerative colitis. However, a past history of appendectomy was negatively correlated with the disease. There were no relationships between ulcerative colitis and consumption of animal foods and tobacco.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (5396K) -
泊 惇, 柳橋 次雄, 脇阪 一郎, 安藤 哲夫, 佐藤 祐美, 波多野 浩道1991 年 45 巻 6 号 p. 1044-1052
発行日: 1991/02/15
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリーThe present study was carried out to clarify the concordance or similarity of risk factors among 298 spouse pairs in a random sample who lived in Mizobe town of Kagoshima Prefecture. A sample of 298 spouse pairs was surveyed by using the house-to-house interviewing method and was classified into three groups by the marriage duration. The following results were obtained.
1) Statistically significant partial correlation coefficients were demonstrated among the spouses for blood pressure in the present study. However, they were smaller than among spouses in remote inlands, this fact suggested that there was no higher spouse concordance in this surveyed area than in remote island areas, and also that there might be a difference in the shared environment of spouse pairs and the genetic effect on blood pressure between the, former area and the latter.
2) In regard to the intake of salt in miso soup and the ratio of sodium to potassium (Na/K), an increasing gradient of partial correlation coefficients for the risk factors among the spouses was observed with increasing marriage duration, suggesting that the intake might be caused by the shared environment on the basis of a similar dietary pattern for the spouse pairs.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1273K) -
坂本 弘, 杉浦 静子, 林 文代, 稲垣 千賀子1991 年 45 巻 6 号 p. 1053-1060
発行日: 1991/02/15
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリーThis study was undertaken to clarify individual differences in psycho-physiological responses observed in subjects listening to music. Forty-five healthy females listened to the third movement of Mozart's “Eine Kleine Nachtmusik” via a biaural headphone at 69.4dB (A) in Leq and 83.6dB (A) in Lmax. This was undertaken twice with an interval of six days between sessions. Pulse-waves were recorded continuously before, during, and after listening by using a photoelectric plethysmograph. The psychological image each listener had of the music was measured immediately after listening by the SD method composed of fifteen scales with five rating points.
The following results were obtained:
1) The pulse-wave height initially became low right after the onset of listening, though the degree of the decrement weakened in the second trial. Spectral analysis of pulse-waves revealed that the power percentage in the low frequency-bands below 0.3912Hz grew markedly and that in the frequency-bands above 0.4238Hz it dwindled during and after listening at the first trial. However, these changes of power percentage weakened in the second trial.
2) The image of the music being listened to changed significantly in 11 scales from the first trial to the second trial.
3) Subjects having a previous experience of listening to the music showed smaller image changes and responses in pulse-waves in the second trial than subjects having no such experience.
4) Previous experience of learning any music and the amount of contact with any music were not related to the image changes and pulse-wave responses in the second trial.
The above-mentioned results are taken to conclude that familiarity with a particular melody was related to the psycho-physiological responses of the listener.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1048K) -
板井 一好1991 年 45 巻 6 号 p. 1061-1073
発行日: 1991/02/15
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリーAn apparatus has been developed for the isolation of fluoride in biological samples through pyrohydrolysis. With this apparatus, it is possible to determine both organic and inorganic fluorocompounds with a recovery close to 100% and precision within 5%. The high recovery rate can be expected even for highly heat-resistent compounds such as CaF2, without using WO3 as a catalyst.
For determination of the isolated fluoride, a separate apparatus was developed in which flowinjection analysis was used in conjunction with a fluoride ion-selective electrode as a detector. With this apparatus, fluoride in a sample solution with a volume as small as 0.2ml, and at a concentration as low as 0.5μg/l, can be determined within 3 minutes with a precision of several percent.
Combined use of the two apparatuses makes it possible to determine fluoride in different biological samples within 10-15 minutes with a precision of several percent, free from external contamination. By selecting suitable conditions for analysis and using a 1g sample, it is possible to determine fluoride at a concentration as low as 5ng/g. By employing these apparatuses, the fluoride content in different biological samples has been determine and the effectiveness of their use confirmed.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (5505K) -
兵藤 文則, 絹川 敬吾, 植木 絢子1991 年 45 巻 6 号 p. 1074-1081
発行日: 1991/02/15
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリーIt is well known that persons exposed to asbestos display systemic immunological alterations: impaired lymphocyte response to PHA, the appearance of autoantibodies and elevation of the serum immunoglobulin level.
The authors intend in this report to determine whether asbestos fibres (crocidolite, chrysotile and amosite) have any effect on the cell cycle of human lymphocytes after PHA stimulation. Peripheral blood mononuclear (PBM) cells were incubated with 10μg/ml PHA for 2 days. After PHA stimulation, a decrease in the percentage of cells in the G0 phase and an increase in that of cells in the G1A, G1B and S phases was observed. When asbestos fibres or titanium dioxide (TiO2) was added to the culture dish at the beginning of the experiment, the progression of the cell cycle was inhibited only by asbestos fibres, in which case the percentage of cells in the G0 phase was significantly increased, while those of cells in the G1B and S phases were significantly decreased. The experiment for determining the critical period for inhibition of blastogenic response revealed that no inhibition was demonstrable when crocidolite fibre was added at 24hr after PHA stimulation.
Although the mechanisms of asbestos-fibre-mediated suppression remain to be clarified, these results showed that asbestos fibres act at an early stage (G0 phase) of the cell cycle and suppress the PHA stimulation of PBM cells.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (3702K) -
丸山 総一郎, 佐藤 寛, 森本 兼曩1991 年 45 巻 6 号 p. 1082-1094
発行日: 1991/02/15
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリーThis study examined the relationship between Quality of Life (QOL) among workers of a major manufacturing company, health practices and primary symptoms/problems. To examine subjective assessment of the quality of life, we designed a comprehensive working-life satisfaction scale.
Similiarly we designed and assessed Health Practice Index (HPI) and scores for primary symptoms/problems.
The results are summarized as follows:
1) Scores for primary symptoms/problems tended to be lower as the Health Practice Index(HPI) were higher.
2) Working-life satisfaction tended to be higher as scores for primary symptoms/problems were lower.
3) Working-life satisfaction tended to be higher as the Health Practice Index (HPI) were higher.
The findings pointed to strong correlations between working-life satisfaction as a subjective index in order to assess the Quality of Life (QOL), the Health Practice Index (HPI) and scores for primary symptoms/problems.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1571K) -
島田 直樹, 吉田 勝美, 松田 弘史, 伊津野 孝, 埋忠 洋一1991 年 45 巻 6 号 p. 1095-1101
発行日: 1991/02/15
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリーIt is evident that obesity has adverse effects on health and longevity. The body mass index (BMI) is a simple measurement highly correlated with other estimates of fatness and is useful in determining the extent of obesity, but the management level of the BMI for Japanese remains to be evaluated. The purpose of this study is to determine the management level of the BMI for Japanese adjusted for individual life style factors such as smoking and drinking.
Among 1, 854 male workers in a financial company, those who had periodical health examinations, 1, 445 workers (aged 40-58) were chosen. Excluded were those who were below 150cm or above 180cm in height or those who had stopped smoking or drinking. Stepwise logistic regression of the findings of 10 medical test items was performed, using age, the BMI, smoking habits, and drinking habits as independent variables. The following conclusions were obtained.
1. The BMI was chosen as independent variable in all medical test items except glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase. In contrast, age and drinking habits were chosen in 6 medical test items, and smoking habits were chosen in 3 medical test items.
2. When the BMI exceeded 24(kg/m2), significantly higher odds ratios were observed in the following medical test items: total cholesterol, triglyceride, fasting blood glucose and uric acid. Thus, this level of the BMI should be used as the management level in the Japanese male.
Taking life styles into consideration, the management level of the BMI seemed to be slightly lower than the ordinary level used in Japan. In order to conduct effective health counseling, this level should be used in health care.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (847K)
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