巻号一覧
47 巻, 3 号
選択された号の論文の6件中1～6を表示しています
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田辺 直仁, 豊嶋 英明, 林 千治, 宮西 邦夫, 船崎 俊一, 小幡 明博, 若井 静子, 榎 佐和子, 橋本 修二, 上村 桂1992 年 47 巻 3 号 p. 679-687
発行日: 1992/08/15
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリーSerum samples from 341 males aged 10 to 59 years were obtained and stored at -40°C until examined for retinol and β-carotene concentrations by HPLC, and their relationships to smoking habit, alcohol drinking habit and vitamin A intake were studied.
In univariate analysis the serum β-carotene level was significantly lower in the smokers than in the non-smokers (smokers: 4.6μg/dl, non-smokers: 7.1μg/dl, p<0.01) and lower in the drinkers than in the non-drinkers (drinkers: 4.6μg/dl, non-drinkers: 7.3μg/dl, p<0.01). The serum retinol level was not different by smoking habit but was higher in the drinkers than in the non-drinkers (drinkers: 80.4μg/dl, non-drinkers: 67.0μg/dl, p<0.01). Serum β-carotene was higher in the group with a greater intake of vitamin A of vegetable origin (6.1μg/dl) than in the group with a smaller intake of it (4.7μg/dl) (p<0.01), but serum retinol was not different by the amount of vitamin A intake of animal food origin.
To estimate the respective effects and interactions of the above factors on serum β-carotene and retinol levels by adjusting for the confounding effects of age, serum total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and triglyceride, analysis of covariance was performed. For serum β-carotene, smoking habit (p<0.01), drinking habit (p<0.01) and the amount of vitamin A intake of vegetable food origin (p<0.05) had significant main effects. Interaction by the smoking and drinking habits was shown to be of borderline significance (p<0.10) and adjusted mean levels showed that the decrease in serum β-carotene caused by both smoking and drinking habits was strengthened in the group which had both habits.
For serum retinol interaction of smoking and drinking habits was significant (p<0.01). The direction of the effect of the smoking habit on serum retinol was opposite in the drinkers and in the non-drinkers. On the other hand, the drinking habit resulted in an increase of serum retinol in both smokers and non-smokers, but the increase was greater in the former than in the latter. The effect of the amount of vitamin A of animal food origin was not significant.
It was concluded that the effects of smoking and drinking habits on serum β-carotene and serum retinol levels became unpredictably strong when both habits coexisted.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1207K) -
樫村 修生1992 年 47 巻 3 号 p. 688-694
発行日: 1992/08/15
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリーThe present study was carried out to examine the effects of enhanced cold tolerance induced by exercise training on carbohydrate metabolism during cold exposure. Five-week-old male Wistar rats were divided into three groups. The warm-acclimated control group (WA) was exposed to the environment at 25°C, and the cold-acclimated group (CA) was acclimated to cold by exposure to 5°C. The exercise-trained group (ET) was controlled to run at the rate of 35 meters per minute for 9 weeks on a small driven treadmill. The degree of carbohydrate metabolism due to cold exposure significantly decreased with the drop in environmental temperature in the WA and CA groups, but did not change in the ET group. When glucose utilization was blocked with 2-deoxyglucose administration, oxygen consumption during cold exposure decreased in the WA and ET groups, but did not decrease in the CA group. The liver glycogen content decreased during cold exposure in the WA and ET groups, but there was no change in the CA group. It appeared that the fall of the plasma glucose level after the infusion of insulin was significantly greater in the ET and CA groups than in the WA group. These results indicate that the improved capacity for cold-induced thermogenesis in the ET group may be caused by enhanced carbohydrate metabolism.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1053K) -
松田 晃彦, 熊谷 早容, 片岡 美紀子, 佐藤 誠, 木村 美恵子, 糸川 嘉則1992 年 47 巻 3 号 p. 695-703
発行日: 1992/08/15
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリーTE-5 is an essential trace element agent containing iron, zinc, copper, manganese and iodine for total parenteral nutrition (TPN). We have already reported that TE-5 improved the reduction of trace element concentrations induced by TPN. However, effects of TE-5 on the changes in biological function relating to trace elements are poorly understood. The present study was designed to clarify the effects of TE-5 on these functions.
Rats fed a trace element (iron, zinc, copper, manganese and iodine) -deficient diet for 7 weeks showed reductions in the following parameters: plasma and various tissue concentrations of iron, zinc, copper, manganese and iodine, growth rate, erythrocyte (iron), hemoglobin (iron), hematocrit (iron), mean corpuscular constants (iron), plasma alkaline phosphatase activity (zinc), serum ceruloplasmin concentration (copper), liver pyruvate carboxylase activity (manganese) and serum thyroxine concentration (iodine).
On the other hand, when TE-5 (0.008, 0.04 and 0.2ml/kg: ×0.2, ×1 and ×5 the usual clinical dose, respectively) was intravenously administered once a day for 7 weeks under the conditions described above, there was a tendency to prevent the reductions of plasma and various tissue concentrations of iron, zinc and manganese. In addition, TE-5 prevented the reductions of growth rate, iron metabolism functions, plasma alkaline phosphatase activity, serum ceruloplasmin concentration and liver pyruvate carboxylase activity.
The present study shows that TE-5 prevents both reductions of trace element contents and trace element-related functions, and suggests that TE-5 is useful for treatment of trace element deficiency in TPN.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (11696K) -
甲状腺ホルモンおよび成長ホルモンとカドミウムの関連性藤田 大輔1992 年 47 巻 3 号 p. 704-714
発行日: 1992/08/15
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリーTo clarify the relationship of cadmium (Cd), thyroid hormone (TH) and growth hormone (GH) to lipid components, 4-week-old SD rats were dosed orally with Cd (CdCl2) at a dose of 2.0mg/kg body weight five times a week, orally with TH at a dose of 2.5mg/kg body weight five times a week and subcutaneously with GH (somatropin) at a dose of 1.0IU/kg body weight three times a week, all for 4 weeks.
As lipid components, the serum concentrations of triglycerides, free fatty acids, lipid peroxides and long-chain fatty acids were determined.
We have devised a new method for determining the fatty acid composition in the femur using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and made a simultaneous analysis of fatty acids, from myristic acid (C14:0) to cholesterol.
The results of the present study led to the following conclusions.
1. Cd may inhibit lipogenesis by binding with SH of coenzyme A, thereby reducing the serum levels of free fatty acids and lipid peroxides.
2. When TH and Cd were administered in combination, the addition of Cd produced an inhibitory effect on lipid components, although TH given alone stimulated the lipid metabolism. Therefore, Cd and TH may have an interaction in lipid components.
3. When GH and Cd were administered in combination, Cd modulated the action of GH, which enhanced the effect of somatomedin on the lipid metabolism. The inhibitory effect of Cd on somatomedin activity via Zn was suggested.
4. A sex difference was found in the composition of fatty acids in blood. The males had higher proportions of palmitic acid (C16:0) and linoleic acid (C18:2), while the females had a higher proportion of arachidonic acid (C20:4). There was no sex difference in fatty acid composition in the femur.
5. It was confirmed that TH produced a peroxide of dehydrocholesterol, a precursor of vitamin D3, in the diaphysis of the femur in the increased metabolic state.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1303K) -
トラック通過音の繰り返し曝露による終夜睡眠脳波の変化川田 智之, 長沼 誠一, 桐生 康生, 鈴木 庄亮1992 年 47 巻 3 号 p. 715-722
発行日: 1992/08/15
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリーThe effect of traffic noise on sleep was evaluated in an experimental room using repeated recorded truck-passing sounds. The peak sound level was 55, 60 or 65 dB (A) with frequencies of three times per hour. The background noise of the exposure night was Leq 42 dB (A) and that of the control night was Leq 35 dB (A). The subjects were five students 23 to 24 years old. The sleep stage of each epoch with a 20-second duration was judged visually based on the criteria of Rechtschaffen & Kales and the data of the second night of noise-exposure and the control night were used. The sleep parameters used were total sleep time (TST), each sleep stage, % of sleep stage against TST, sleep efficiencies, sleep latency, REM latency, REM cycle, REM duration, waking from sleep, number of stage shifts, and subjective sleep judged by the OSA sleep inventory. A paired t test was used for the statistical analysis.
TST, REM stage in minutes, and % of REM stage against TST of the exposure night were significantly decreased compared with those of the control night. Other objective and subjective parameters showed no changes during noise exposure. Dividing the all-night into halves, the amount and % of each sleep stage were compared between the exposure and control night. There was no change of sleep stage in the former half, but the % and amount of REM sleep in the latter half were significantly decreased as a result of the noise exposure.
The decreases of REM sleep and % REM against TST, especially in the latter half of all-night sleep, were caused by the intermittent truck-passing sounds 20 to 30 times per night.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (894K) -
渡辺 孟1992 年 47 巻 3 号 p. 723-761
発行日: 1992/08/15
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリーPDF形式でダウンロード (6327K)
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