This key should have been presented at the beginning of the series of papers on the taxonomic study of Japanese lepidopterous pupae by the author. A key to the pupae of families of the Lepidoptera given by MOSHER (1916) is difficult to apply to some of the Japanese representatives because the Palaearctic families not represented in the Nearctic fauna are excluded in it, and moreover some families are insufficiently defined. The author prepared a new key to 74 families based on the Japanese materials. Before going further the author expresses his appreciation to many friends who aided his investigation.

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1. Chromosomal features in the spermatogonial metaphase and anaphase. The investigations have been undertaken based on the chromosomal slides prepared according to the current air-drying squash method. Chromosomes were examined in spermatogonial metaphase and early anaphase in the following 7 butterfly-species: Papilio maackii (2n,60); Papilio bianor (2n,60); Polygonia c-aureum (2n,62); Argyreus hyperbius (2n,62); Curetis acuta (2n,58); Favonius latifasciatus (2n,48); and Narathura japonica (2n,48). They are reproduced in Figs.1-12. In general, the mitotic chromosomes have been furnished as objects for the determination of chromosomal form in organisms in numerous surveys of karyological studies. As a whole, the mitotic chromosomes provide favorite materials for chromosome analysis from the following reason that the chromosomes of M-I cells are usually presented by a structure of bivalents characterized by their chiasmata. On the basis of the chromosomal aspects derived from the mitotic metaphases observed in the above-mentioned species, the author was not able to obtain any evidence indicating that V- or J-shaped metacentric chromosomes are included in the diploid complements of the butterfly. As seen in micrographs of early anaphases shown in Figs.7-12, every chromosome divided each into two elements which took a parallel arrangement. With the advance of the stage these sister chromatids took the start-action to each opposite pole. The chromosomal features and behavior as seen at the early anaphase were nearly identical to those observed in some Hemiptera such as Euschistus and Solubea by HUGHES-SCHRADER & SCHRADER (1961). The latter authors have described in their paper that in anaphasic disjunction the separating chromatids remain parallel to each other as they move "broadside on" to the pole. 2. Chromosomal features and behavior in the M-I metaphase and anaphase. The following investigations were undertaken based on the chromosome preparations according to the ordinary acetoorcein squash method, and also phase contrast was applied for more detailed analysis. Chromosome features depicted at M-I metaphase and anaphase in the following two species: Graphium sarpedon (n,20) (butterfly) and Eumeta variegata (n,31) (moth), are presented in Figs.13-25. The prereductional phenomenon of the bivalents in Lepidoptera had been established on the basis of the behavior of fragment chromosomes studied through the mitotic and meiotic divisions of G. sarpedon (MAEKI and HAYASHI, 1979). It was shown that the first division was reductional, whereas the second division was equational. Here, noteworthy was the finding that the bivalent chromosomes of Lepidoptera were constructed by "a ring of four" (LA COUR, 1952) at the M-I metaphase (Figs.13-17,22-23). The general features of chromosomes of G.sarpedon and E. variegata at the M-I anaphase are remarkable by the appearance displaying "pseudo-V-shape" in outline (see Figs.18-21, 24-25). In the course of the first anaphase the two sister chromatids moved to the same pole, and then the two chromatids (or a half-bivalent) having the pseudo-V-shape spread gradually along a straight line from each other. It appeared that the spindle fibers attached themselves to the whole poleward surface of the two rods of each sister chromatid. This behavior followed closely the synchronized activity of their spindle fibers. Most reasonable estimation from the above observations seems to be in favor of the view that the formation of the "pseudo-V-shaped" chromosome results from the association of the two rod-shaped elements equipped with the diffuse kinetochore structure. 3. Chromosome morphology and behavior in the M-II cells. In the equatorial plate of M-II metaphase two sister chromatids of a rod-type appeared taking a linear arrangement in each, as seen in Fig.26. If the chromosomes were telocentric carrying a

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Neope niphonica BUTLER was recently found in the Boso Peninsula, the southern end of the Kanto District, Central Japan. The new localities are perfectly isolated from the ones hitherto known by the Kanto Plain. In this peninsula, the species is found on the southern hills, called the Kiyosumi Mountains running from east to west. However, it has not been met with in the northern and coastal areas of the peninsula. The forewing length, the wing shape and the wing patterns of this race were measured and statistically calculated, and were compared with those of the specimens from other localities of Japan. It was separated as a new subspecies N. n. kiyosumiensis, whose name was derived from Mt. Kiyosumi in the peninsula.

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Ten new subspecies belonging to four Eurema species from the Indo-Australian Region were described. These are E. brigitta papuana from N. E. Papua New Guinea, E. andersoni inouei from Cambodia, E. andersoni borneensis from E. Malaysia, E. andersoni nishiyamai from Nias Is., E. andersoni kashiwaii from Sumba Is., E. sarilata luzonensis from Luzon, E. sarilata bazilana from Bazilan Is., E. alitha gunjii from Ceram, E. alitha halmaherana from Halmahera, and E. alitha papuana from W. Irian. Four new status in Eurema alitha were also made.

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The present paper deals with new species and subspecies of lycaenid butterflies belonging to the genera Deramas, Narathura, Flos, Horaga, Pratapa, Neocheritra, Chliaria and Sinthusa recently discovered in the Philippines. The holotypes designated herein are all to be preserved in the National Science Museum (Nat. Hist.), Tokyo.

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About fifteen years ago the late Professor S. ISSIKI, my respected teacher of entomology, gave me a Papuan Yponomeutid specimen from which the following new species is described. My sincere thanks are due to him for his kindness.

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Japanese representative of the genus Buzura WALKER has been treated as recursaria (WALKER) from India, and divided into two subspecies, superans (BUTLER) from the mainland and asahinai INOUE from the Ryukyus. I have felt some doubts as to whether the differences of the two subspecies in appearance and male genitalia are of specific or subspecific value. Recently I had an opportunity to examine some specimens of the two subspecies collected at the same time on Is. Yakushima and Is. Shimokoshikijima. My careful examination of many specimens of Buzura from Japan and adjacent areas revealed that superans and asahinai are distinct species and not conspecific with recurusaria, that confusa (STAUDINGER) from Ussuri is a subspecies of superans, and that Taiwanese population is worth naming as a different race of superans.

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Inter-specific crossing between Mycalesis gotama fulginia FRUHSTORFER and M. madjicosa amamiana FUJIOKA was carried out by means of the cage pairing. When females of M. madjicosa amamiana were crossed by males of M. gotama fulginia, weakly deformed males emerged in a very low ratio, less than 2.6 percent, of emergence. On the contrary, when females of M. gotama fulginia were crossed by males of M. madjicosa amamiana, the ratio of emergence ascended to 12.2-54.3 percent and most of the emerged adults were appearently normal in spite of the fact that they were rather small in size as compared with their parents. These adults were, however, exclusively males (♂:♀=143:0). In control groups, emerged adults were normal and no abnormality was observed in the sex ratio. These results show that there is a reproductive isolation between the two species, Mycalesis gotama fulginia FRUHSTORFER and M. madiicosa amamiana FUJIOKA.

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In 1978, the author collected 16 female butterflies of the jacintha-form, which had not been reared in Japan previously, of the Great Eggfly (Hypolimnas bolina L.) on Iriomote Island of the Yaeyama Islands, Japan. The butterflies were reared at four different places. Eggs were obtained from seven of the females and the hatchability of the eggs was fairly low. Of the seven butterflies (designated as P_1 females hereafter), five (A-E) produced individuals consisting wholly of the jacintha-form and the remaining F and G produced those consisting of the kezia-form. In the P_1 females that produced individuals of of the jacintha-form, only the female A produced males and females and the remaining four (B-E) gave birth to females only. The number of the males and females born of the female A was 16 and 51, respectively; the male being about one-third as many as the females. Of the 16 males, only seven could successfully expand their wings. The characteristics of the coloring and patterns of the P_1 females and their offspring were described. The P_1 females (A, C-E) with well developed submarginal spot rows on the hindwing produced invidisuals of the jacintha-form varying in pattern. However, in the case of the P_1 female B with rows of darkened spots, the jacintha-form offspring varied in pattern. The range of variation in this case was far greater than that in the former group. And the P_1 females F and G with poorly developed rows of spots both produced individuals of kezia-form, whose range of variation in coloring and patterns was narrower.

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Se publica una lista de los Haeterinae y Biinae (Lepidoptera: Satyridae), coleccionados principalmente en Colombia por las expediciones, "The First Scientific Expedition of Shizuoka University to the Colombian Andes 1967" y "La ExpediciOn Japonesa a las Zonas Amazonicas 1973". Ademas, la lista contiene los datos de unas especies coleccionadas por el Dr. Leopoldo RICHTER (Bogota). En este reporte, se incluyen 11 especies de los Haeteriinae y 2 especies de los Biinae. Ademas, se nota la variacion geografica de coloracion de las alas de Pierella hortona HEWITSON, la cual fue coleccionada en las selvas de San Jose (Intendencia del Caqueta) y del Rio Cotuhe (Comisaria del Amazonas), en la parte del sur de Colombia.

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