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Article type: Cover
2003 Volume 54 Issue 4 Pages
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Published: September 30, 2003
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Article type: Appendix
2003 Volume 54 Issue 4 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
2003 Volume 54 Issue 4 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
2003 Volume 54 Issue 4 Pages
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Published: September 30, 2003
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Joji M. OTAKI, Haruhiko YAMAMOTO
Article type: Article
2003 Volume 54 Issue 4 Pages
197-205
Published: September 30, 2003
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We have previously shown that the systemic injection of sodium tungstate, a protein-tyrosine phosphatase (PTPase) inhibitor, to pupae immediately after pupation efficiently produces characteristic color-pattern modifications on the wings of the Painted Lady butterfly Vanessa cardui. In this species, the black spots reduced in size and eventually disappeared in response to the treatment. The observed modifications probably resulted from the prolonged activation of a signal transduction cascade initiated by a receptor-type protein-tyrosine kinase in scale cells. Here we observed that applying this method to the Small Copper butterfly Lycaena phlaeas daimio, the black spots in the ventral wings enlarged in size, which was in sharp contrast to the induced modifications in V. cardui. This type of modifications seen in L. phlaeas daimio has frequently been reported in many field-caught individuals of Lycaenidae. By simply examining the natural color-patterns of Japanese lycaenid butterflies, we here note that the enlargement of spots is related with speciation in this family. The most remarkable example can be found in the Japanese Maculinea species, M. teleius and M. arionides. While the former has small spots, the latter has "enlarged" spots in the ventral wings, which is reminiscent of the tungstate-treated modifications in L. phlaeas daimio. Since it has been proposed that a hypothetical transduction pathway with a PTPase for the scale-cell differentiation globally coordinates the wing-wide color-patterns, our findings suggest that spontaneous mutations in genes in this hypothetical pathway might have played a role in creating new color-patterns and species at lease in Lycaenidae.
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Utsugi JINBO
Article type: Article
2003 Volume 54 Issue 4 Pages
206-208
Published: September 30, 2003
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A choreutine species, Prochoreutis solaris, was newly recorded from the eastern area of Hokkaido, Japan.
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Yoshiomi KATO, Yasuko YOSHIOKA
Article type: Article
2003 Volume 54 Issue 4 Pages
209-219
Published: September 30, 2003
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Male mating behavior of the papilionid butterfly Graphium sarpedon was investigated using adult and paper models in the field and large greenhouse. First, mating behavior of this species was briefly described. Second, experiments with adult or paper models were carried out to examine what signals elicit male's courtship behavior. Flying males approached not only female model, but also male model although mating attempt by the males was frequently found for the female model. However, frequency of male's approach was lower on yellow-banded female model than on normally blue-banded female model, suggesting that blue color of a wing is essential for courtship by males. This hypothesis was elucidated by the experiments with paper model where various color papers were presented to flying males. Among various colors tested, blue and green colors, which were similar in spectral reflectance each other, were most effective for eliciting male's approach. Further, it became clear that color itself is important, but size, shape and color pattern of the models tested are not responsible. Olfactory cue seems to be responsible for mate recognition at a close distance. Therefore, the results suggest that in male mating behavior of G. sarpedon, blue color itself on a wing is important for mate finding and that the light irradiation including blue coloration of the wing has important significance in mating bahavior of the males.
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Takashi TSUBUKI
Article type: Article
2003 Volume 54 Issue 4 Pages
220-222
Published: September 30, 2003
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Male beak marked Hestina persimilis japonica and female beak marked Sasakia charonda (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae) were recorded, and characters of beak marked wings were described. The former is the first recorded cupture in Toshima-ku, Tokyo.
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Takashi TSUBUKI
Article type: Article
2003 Volume 54 Issue 4 Pages
223-228
Published: September 30, 2003
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Five satyrine species were found around tree-sap sources of Quercus acutissima at Hino City in the suburbs of Tokyo in July and August 2002. In all species beak marked individuals were observed. The ratio of beak marked individuals to all captured ones were 40% and 13% in Lethe sicelis and L. diana, respectively in 4 days of July. This meant that a considerable number of beak marked Lethe butterflies were found in the field.
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Yutaka ARITA, Axel KALLIES
Article type: Article
2003 Volume 54 Issue 4 Pages
229-232
Published: September 30, 2003
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Trilochana nagaii sp. nov. is described from Sulawesi, Indonesia. The genus Trilochana is briefly reviewed. Trilochana phaedrostoma Meyrick, 1934 is transferred to Synanthedon Hubner, 1819 (comb. nov.).
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Hiroshi INOUE
Article type: Article
2003 Volume 54 Issue 4 Pages
233-236
Published: September 30, 2003
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A new species, Milionia mastrigti, is described from Irian Jaya, Indonesia, with illustrations of moths and male genitalia.
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Min WANG, Guohua HUANG, Yasunori Kishida
Article type: Article
2003 Volume 54 Issue 4 Pages
237-239
Published: September 30, 2003
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Mahanta yoshimotoi sp. nov. is described and illustrated from Nanling National Nature Reserve in Guangdong Province, South China. The new species is similar to Mahanta leworthyi Holloway from Borneo, Sumatra and Thailand, but can be distinguished by characteristics of aedeagus and juxta of the male genitalia.
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Richard S. PEIGLER, Hiroshi Yoshimoto
Article type: Article
2003 Volume 54 Issue 4 Pages
240-
Published: September 30, 2003
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Eggs figured as Archaeoattacus edwardsii were actually those of Antheraea polyphemus.
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Rikio SATO
Article type: Article
2003 Volume 54 Issue 4 Pages
241-247
Published: September 30, 2003
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Ctenognophos fuscobrunnea sp. n. from India and Nepal, and C. yoshimotorum sp. n. from Kashmir are described and illustrated. C. paerlita (Butler) is first recorded from Nepal.
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Masahiko NISHIKAI
Article type: Article
2003 Volume 54 Issue 4 Pages
248-252
Published: September 30, 2003
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Dimodal distribution of forewing length, or short wing type and long wing type, was found among female rice-plant skipper, Parnara guttata, in the high (and low) altitude region. This observation might suggest the presence of "stay-at-home" type in the high altitude (montane) group which has never hitherto been presumed because of difficulty in passing winter.
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Article type: Appendix
2003 Volume 54 Issue 4 Pages
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Published: September 30, 2003
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Article type: Index
2003 Volume 54 Issue 4 Pages
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Article type: Appendix
2003 Volume 54 Issue 4 Pages
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Published: September 30, 2003
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Article type: Appendix
2003 Volume 54 Issue 4 Pages
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Published: September 30, 2003
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Article type: Appendix
2003 Volume 54 Issue 4 Pages
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Published: September 30, 2003
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Article type: Cover
2003 Volume 54 Issue 4 Pages
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Published: September 30, 2003
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Article type: Cover
2003 Volume 54 Issue 4 Pages
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Published: September 30, 2003
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