The changes of blood viscosity, clotting and fibrinolytic system after hot bathing at 42°C and 39°C were studied on old patients admitted to the hospital for more than one year because of cerebral thrombosis.
The following results were obtained.
1) The blood and plasma viscosity as well as hematocrit value increased markedly immediately after taking a bath at 42°C. On the other hand, they slightly decreased after bathing at 39°C. Partial thromboplastin time, antithrombin III, plasminogen, α₂-macroglobulin and α₁-antitrypsin were also elevated just after bathing at 42°C, though they showed no significant alteration after bathing at 39°C.
2) 30 minutes after bathing at 42°C, blood and plasma viscosity and hematocrit returned to the level before bathing, while they were reduced 30 minutes after bathing at 39°C. 30 minutes after bathing at 42°C, various examinations on clotting and fibrinolytic system described above returned to the range before bathing. Prolonged prothrombin time and reduced fibrinogen were observed 30 minutes after bathing at 39°C when compared to the condition before bathing or immediately after bathing. 30 minutes after bathing, α₂-macroglobulin level was found to be lower than the level before bathing, but not different from the level just after bathing.
3) The effects of bathing at 39°C and 42°C on the hepaplastin test, fibrin or fibrinogen degradation products and plasma platelets were not recognized.
4) The changes of clotting and fibrinolytic system were prominent immediately after bathing and 30 minutes after bathing at 42°C. In contrast, such changes were slight and limited after bathing at 39°C.

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Physical therapy, such as pricking and heating the skin or subcutaneous tissue and so on, began in the primitive ages in the East and West, and has a long tradition till today. It had developed and systematized about two thousand years ago in China so that acupuncture and moxibustion were administered on meridians and therapeutic points on body surface. The original textbook is the Nei Ching, or the classic of internal medicine, traditionally ascrived to the legendary Yellow Emperor (Huang Ti).
The system of Oriental medicine is that every syndrome is diagnosed and determined by inspection, question, auscultation and palpation. We detect changes of meridian (Kei-raku in Japanese) and therapeutic points (Kei-ketsu in Japanese) using the above mentioned diagnostic methods. It is most important to palpate meridian and points. Consequently, we try acupuncture and moxibustion on the meridian and points, control the body reactions and treat illness.
There are fourteen meridians on human body surface in which Ki (energy) and Ketsu (humor) flow. The flow of energy and humor are the origin of life phenomenon and illness occurs when energy and humor increase, decrease or decay. Meridians are the line of energy circulation in Oriental medicine which correspond to the circulation of blood or function of nervous system in Western medicine.
Therapeutic points on all the body amount to about 660, distribute on meridians and clinically observed as tenderness, pain by pinching, induration, pulsation, chill or hotness, hyper or hyposensitiveness, and muscle strain or relaxation.
The stimulation on the therapeutic points improves unusual meridian state because the points are diagnostic and simultaneously therapeutic points.
At first, the author carried out a study of pain threshold of the skin to clarify rationality of using excoriation or tenderness to detect therapeutic points. Further, thermography and threshold determination by Hardy's Pain Meter were used. After that the author carried out an experimental investigation with plethysmography on meridian and therapeutic points from the viewpoint of subcutaneous circulation. A working hypothesis was postulated that meridian and points correspond to a reactive system which correlates to nervous and circulatory systems in human body. Accordingly, the author would like to prove the existence of meridian and point objectively. The following is the result of the experiments.
1. The distribution of pain threshold of the skin, meridian and point.
In the first place, the author divided the surface of trunk in five adult males in one centimeter square plots. The number of plot is about 2000 (from 41 to 49 rows, 25 columns) per one person from 7th certical process to the horizontal line of iliac crest (back) and from the horizontal line below clavicle to the horizontal line of iliac spine (front). Secondly, I measured pain threshold on all the plots and observed the dorso-lumbar and thoraco-abdominal distributions. Moreover, I measured it on four usual therapeutic points in daily use and those non-therapeutic points on extremities for control. Thirdly, I checked meridian and points on the distribution table by anatomical sites, for example nabel, mamilla, sternum, scapula, spinal process and etc., Forthly, I determined skin temperature using thermography.
(1) The type of the distribution of pain threshold in thoraco-abdominal and dorso-lumbar regions were the same and symmetrical in both side. The distributions are nearly normal in type and the range of threshold is narrow because of small standard deviation. Characteristic is that thoraco-abdiminal region shows low threshold portions on the sternal part, the place of Rectus Abdominis, and hypocondrium, and dorso-lumbar region shows high threshold on scapular regions, vertebral column between both scapulae, and lumbar vertebral column regions.
(2) On the viewpoint of pain threshold distribution, there are longitudinal patterns

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関節リウマチにおける金療法の効果は既に広く評価されているが, その副作用のため止むなく中止する場合も少くない。
副作用のうち最も屡々遭遇する皮疹についてその予防法をさがし求めていたが, 東京教育大学東洋医学教室 (芹沢教授) の協力により, 金疹を生じた患者約100名につき経穴を探求し施灸を試みた。その約60%に於て効果をみとめ, 金療法の継続可能となり, 或は金注射量を増加することが出来た。
従来金疹の発生により, その注射が出来ず, 他剤による治療も効果を示さなかった例に施灸しつゝ金注射を行い, 著効を得た例が少くない。又施灸を休むと発疹をみるが, 施灸により直ちに消褪するなど興味ある例も多い。
経穴は必要に応じ再確認或は匡正されたが施灸点が示されゝば, 家庭内に於て続行出来るので経済的である。
経穴はアレルギー状態の改善, 副腎皮質機能の増強に関係あるものと考えられる。

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