In order to determine seasonal variations in the physical and laboratory data of outpatients, following items were analyzed in about 200 cases between 1989 to 1996: body mass index (BMI); bioelectrical impedance (IMP); calculated body fat ratio (%FAT) and total body water volume (TBW); red blood cell count (RBC); hemoglobin concentration (Hb); and the serum concentrations of Na, K, Cl, Ca, P, total protein (TP), total cholesterol (TCHO), HDL-cholesterol (HDL-CHO), triglyceride (TG), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cr), uric acid (UA), fasting blood sugar (FBS), HbAlc, amylase, GOT, GPT, γGTP, LDH, CK, and calculated blood osmotic pressure (OSM). To find the magnitude of variation in each season, seasonal averages were first obtained from individual cases. The annual average was then obtained from seasonal averages and each seasonal average was compared with the annual average. These magnitudes were then subjected to a multiple comparison test of Scheffer's F″ for statistical processing.
Cr., HDL-CHO, TG and Amylase showed irregular changes or no statistically significant seasonal difference. TBW, Na, Ca, BUN, UA, GOT, GPT, γGTP, LDH and CK exhibited a trough in winter. In contrast, BMI, IMP, %FAT, RBC, HB, TP, FBS, HbAlc, K, Cl, Ca, P and TCHO exhibited a peak in winter. OSM was constant through all seasons.
The magnitude of seasonal changes ranged from 0.1% to 24.9%, Large variations exceeding 10% were seen in CK, HbAlc, GPT, γGTP, and K, and those less than 1% were seen in BMI, Na, Cl, Ca and OSM.
Seasonal variations in the examination data of outpatients were not so largely influenced by their sex or any abnormal value in other examinations.
The level of OSM was calculated by the equation mOSM=Na(mEq/L)+Cl(mEq/L)+FBS (mg/dL)/18+BUN(mg/dL)/2.8. Although each component of this equation showed significant seasonal changes, the level of OSM obtained by this equation was constant or had minimal change.
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