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Volume 51 (1987 - 198･･･
- Issue 5 Pages 1-
- Issue 4 Pages 219-
- Issue 3 Pages 141-
- Issue 2 Pages 73-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 51, Issue 2
Displaying 1-3 of 3 articles from this issue
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Hiromi TAWARA1987 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages 73-83
Published: November 15, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: July 19, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSHakodate Park in Hokkaido was established as a modest park in 1874. Then, in 1878-79, it was remodeled on a large scale as a public service project at the proposal of R. Eusden, the British consul in Hakodate and with the support of the Hakodate citizens.
In those days, most of Japanese parks were not newly constructed, but converted ones from old recreation areas, heritages from the Edo era, by a cabient proclamation in 1873. However, Hakodate Park was newly laid out under the influence of European culture and early city planning thought, and with the cooperation of the inhabitants. In this fact does the striking feature of this park lie.
By the suggestion of H. Capron, an American adviser of the old Hokkaido Reclamation Government, a museum was opened in the park in 1879. This is the oldest of all the museums located in Japanese parks.View full abstractDownload PDF (4417K) -
Hiroyuki YAMADA, Yorikazu MARUTA1987 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages 84-94
Published: November 15, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: July 19, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOne of the most important part of trees in parks and gardens is to make comfortable shade for the visitors in summer.
In the shade of the tree, heavy radiant energy is extremely reduced.
In this investigation, we tried to measure the decrement of the solar radiation under the isolated trees such as Japanese Zelkova (Zelkova serrata) and Chinese Sweet (Osmanthus fragrans var. auranticus) and calculated the effect of the shade of the trees.
The result is summarized as follows:
1) During the daytime (9h-16h) of on clear weather at the summer, the flexes of the solar radiation measured in the shade of the trees are almost stable, and the values of radiant energy are 3mWcm2-6mW/cm2.
2) The decrement of the flexes of the solar radiation shows the maximum value on clear, and fairly weaken on cloudy.
The transmissivities of radiant energy through the canopy at 12h are about 4-5% on clear 8-13% on fine and 15-40% on cloudy. A difference of the transmissivities between both trees remarkably increases on bad weather.
3) A tree which has a large and wide canopy shows strong effect. The radiant energy is decreased in 3-4mW/cm2 by the tree. This value in summer is weaker than the flexes of average groundradiation.
4) If we indicated it by using SAT (sol-air temperature) index, the effect of trees shade registered 29.8°C lower in the shade than out.View full abstractDownload PDF (3536K) -
Based on the disaster during the 1983-84 winter seasonYoshito ASANO1987 Volume 51 Issue 2 Pages 95-101
Published: November 15, 1987
Released on J-STAGE: July 19, 2011
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDuring the 1983-84 winter season, unusual cold weather prevailed almost all over the country and a large number of trees for landscaping were seriously damaged under this condition. In order to consider a counterplan and prevent a return of such a disaster in the future, the author reviewed the entirety of the damage; it's area, kinds of trees, and the meteorological conditions. The data of the damages were from the questionnairing conducted by the Association of Road Landscaping and Conservation during May to June of 1984.
While damages extended almost throughout the country, more serious damages appeared in the area from the southeast part of the Tohoku districts to the Kanto districts and also in the Hokuriku districts along the coast of the Japan Sea. Those of the former area were considered to be mainly winter desiccation damages caused by both unusual low temperature and very little rainfall in December. Those of the latter area seemed to be mainly snow damages due to frequent heavy snowfalls.
These results led the author to define two types of danger zones to trees for landscaping; to winter desiccation damage and to snow damage. The former corresponds to the area where January rainfall in the normal year is less than 50mm. The area with the highest rank of danger in the map of “Distribution of the danger zones in the snow damage to forest trees by the snow crown” was used as the latter.
A total of 152 kinds of trees were reported to be damaged. Evergreens generally suffered more serious desiccation damages than deciduous trees. By comparing with the records of planted trees, a number of tree species which might be relatively damage resistant were listed.View full abstractDownload PDF (845K)
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