Humphry Repton and Friedrich L. Sckell completed the landscape gardening respectively in England and Germany. They worked from the end of the 18th century to the beginning of the 19th century. Besides they were both under the influence of Lancelot Brown.
They both appraised objectively the landscape gardening and those of other styles. Sckell didn't break French gardens, but he planned a landscape garden around a French garden. And he tried to weaken the contrast between two styles. His style was early exotic and sentimental, but it became lately classical and monumental.
Repton planned the Kitchen garden and the pleasure garden of the simple and artificial form around the house. Then his style is called ecletic. And his parks were often pastoral with cattle and deer.

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The writer had interview researches on visiters and surrounding inhabitants of Historic Park Tagajo Haiji, for the purpose to study the fundamental problems of historic park design.
The results are as below.
1) Users pay visits twice a week at most, in the case of primary school age, and about twice a year as a mean of adult inhabitants of Tagajo town: Their purposes are play more than 80%, and study and historic sight-seeing about 10%.
2) They are satisfyed in 70% to study and in almost 90% to study, and the latter desires to arrange the histor is environment and the former desires to set play or rest facilities.
3) Surrounding inhabitants appreciate it as recreation place in 40%, as naturalistic green in 30%, as historic park in 20%; but 1% answers are against this park arrangement.
4) On their demands, most one is to make rest and play place in 40%, next is to arrange historical structures and park beautification.
5) Above results suggest a direction of park and green construction of historic places, considering with other researches of historical sites as Heijo, Asuka and Kudara-Dera.
6) Considering a result of this study, we may insist to arrange whole Taga-JO Old fortress, with directions to propose to set a green park of 100h. a. on that hill, to create a recreation space and historical surroundings.

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In the present paper, the results of the experiments on the effects of oxidation-reduction potential in soil on the elongation of seedling trees are reported with special reference of Sapium sebiferum, Cinnamomum camphora and Magnolia kobus. The results are summarized as follows:
1. The elongation of tree shoots was stopped by submersion in the soil having following values of Eh₆.
Sapium sebiferumover 140m. v.(no stopping)
Cinnamomum camphoraabout-100m. v.
Magnolia kobusabout +160m. v.
2. On the results above mentioned, submersion tolerance Judging from resistance against dropping of Eh₆ was arranged in the order of S. sebiferum,
C. camphora and
M. kobus. This is in accord with field observations.
3. In advance of stopping of elongation, observations are as follows:
S. sebiferum: red coloring and dropping of the lower leaves
C. camphora: epinastic curvature of leaves
M. kobus: necrosis of growing point
4. Development of thick roots in water and leticels at the stem were observed at S. sebiferum. These facts seem to suggest a reason of excellent submersion tolerance of that.

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This study aims at finding out the scientific method about location of park-road. In national park any road must be loated to adapt to its environment, especially to vegetation.
Firstly, vegetation survey was, practiced around the Yamanobeno-michi Rord (Yamatoaogaki Quasi National Park, Nara Prefecture), which was located anciently, in order to find out the relation between location of road and vegetational environment. The table work after this survey shows 3 plant communities.
1. Rhododendro-Pinetum kinkianum SUZ-TOK., nov.
2. Quercus glauca-Dryopteris erythrosora community
a. Aphananthe aspera under community
b. Typical under community
The Yamanobenomichi Road is located almost inAphananthe aspera under community.
This community is the most fertile of these 3 communities. The result shows that ancient road is suited to its vegetational environment.
Secondly, from this result, the planning process to locate roads in national park was mentioned. Consideration studied here is as follows.
1. location survey (Standortsforschung)
2. location analysis (Standortsanalyse)
3. location diagnosis (Standortsdiagnose)
4. location (planning) (Standortsdnungsplanung)
After this process, the model planning in the Kurondoike-road (Kongo-Ikoma Quasi National Park, Nara Pretecture) was carried out. Along the road, 200m in width, vegetation was researched. The existing vegetation consists of the forest of Pinus densiflora, Alnus japonica and Phyllostachys pubescens, secondary forest of Quercus glauca-Quercus·serrata, Pinus densiflora-Quercus serrata, secondary grassland of Miscanthus sinensis, and cultivated land and paddy field. On the basis of these results, I drew an existing vegetation map and potential natural vegetation map of today in scale 1: 3, 000. The potential natural vegetation of today consists of 3 communities.
1. Rhododendro-Pinetum kinkianum SUZ-TOK., nov.
2. Alnus japonica forest
3. Typical under community of Quercus-glauca-Dryopteris erythrosora community
On the basis of these location survey and analysis, I diagnosed and classified the suitability of location of road and drew a location map in scale 1: 3, 000. And finally a planning map of location was made in scale 1: 3, 000, which contained a roadside planting plan.

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It is the purpose of this paper to make clear the fundamental problems about planting method, in which the Man-Made Ground is systematized for the landscape planning.
Relating to the construction of Man-Made Ground in Tokyo, the change of soil moisture condition and water saturation deficit of some trees for landscaping, were investigated
(1) Within the limits of this investigation, in case of ground cover plants, banking is less than 30cm thick and drainage is 10cm by sand and coarse. Shrubs, banking is 30-60cm and 10-15cm drainage. Trees, more than 60cm and drainage is 30cm, but more than 150cm banking has not drainage layer.
(2) In case of banking is 30cm thick, the soil moisture extraction pattern moved from sub-pattern to whole, surface-pattern in summer, irrigation was in need, when the whole extraction pattern was indicated, for a stand point of water saturated deficit of some trees. But the turf was not wilting, for subsoil did not dry up.
(3) 140cm banking, only the surface soil was drying up and WSD was increased as compared with normal ground. But in case of the garage was deposited at 260cm depth, there was not very much difference in the soil moisture condition and WSD, as compare with normal ground. Then it dose not affect the growth of plants.

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