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Volume 11 (1967)
- Issue 4 Pages 145-
- Issue 3 Pages 83-
- Issue 2 Pages 37-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 11, Issue 4
Displaying 1-11 of 11 articles from this issue
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Kozaburo OZAKI, Yasuhisa KUROSU1967 Volume 11 Issue 4 Pages 145-149
Published: December 25, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOne susceptible and four resistant strains of green rice leafhopper were collected in the summer and autumn in 1963. Median lethal doses of 17 insecticides to these four resistant strains were compared with those of the susceptible strain. Ratios of LD50 values between each resistant strain and susceptible one were calculated with various insecticides. There were many insecticides whose ratio of resistance exceeded 5.0. This inclination was commonly found in organophosphorus compounds with one exception. Total amounts of chemicals which were applied to paddy fields in the areas where testing strains were collected during past several years were surveyed. In Osone district where malathion had been used heavily, the leafhoppers were resistant to malathion and papthion, while, in Nakagawahara where methyl parathion and EPN had been used abundantly, leafhoppers were resistant to many organophosphorus insecticides such as methyl parathion, parathion, EPN, Sumithion, malathion, dimethoate and papthion. Considering resistant ratio of four resistant strains to susceptible one in various organophosphorus insecticides, these types of resistance were divided into three patterns; namely: (1) malathion-resistance, (2) malathion-, methyl parathion-resistance, and (3) methyl parathion-, EPN-resistance. These resistant strains were as nearly susceptible to dipterex, sulioxon, Sevin, CPMC, and Baygon as susceptible strain.View full abstractDownload PDF (683K) -
II. Probing Frequency of the Adult LeafhopperAtsushi NAITO, Jujiro MASAKI1967 Volume 11 Issue 4 Pages 150-156
Published: December 25, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDaily every leafhopper left several tens of its oral probing punctures on the host plant. The probing frequency (the number of probing punctures on the test leaf per adult in 48hr) was influenced by enviromental conditions. The probing frequency was significantly increased or decreased according to the high or low of the temperature. The highest frequency was observed at about 30°C. It was genarally found that the probing frequency of the adult collected from the field was more frequent than that of those reared indoors, especially the adult inhabiting in the field of dent foxtail, Alopeculus aequalis SOBOLEWASKY var. amurensis OHWI was more frequently. Diurnal rythm of the feeding behavior of the leafhopper: the probing was not active in the forenoon and midnight but activity increased very much from about six to nine in the evening. Average time of the stylet inserting period was 29.2min. and average interval between insertions was 5.1min. The ratio of total feeding time in a given period was 84.9 per cent average. It was generally found that the probing frequency was well connected with the activity of the leafhopper.View full abstractDownload PDF (893K) -
Mitsuhiro SASAKAWA, Shozaburo YAMAZAKI1967 Volume 11 Issue 4 Pages 157-163
Published: December 25, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe larger pellucid hawk moth is a common pest of cape jasmine, Gardenia jasminoides ELLIS in Japan. There are 4-5 generations in a year in Kyoto. The female moth lays eggs singly on the underside of leaves. It is well known that the larvae exhibit color variation in the field. The experiment was carried out in order to analyse the effect of population density during the larval period on the larval coloration and development. The larvae were reared at different densities of 1-5 individuals/plastic vessel, 12×3cm, at about 30°C. Most of the larvae kept in isolation since the hatching were pale green, but those reared in the densities of 2 or more individuals per vessel turned brown after the first moult and, from the beginning of the fourth instar, changed into dark brown or green with broad brown stripe dorsomesally. The highest degree of darkening appeared in the larvae kept under crowding conditions throughout the whole larval stage. The darkening was determined by the density of the first instar. The presence or absence of light not effective on the darkening. The isolated pale green larvae showed longer duration of life, larger food intake and higher rate of oxygen consumption than the crowded dark-colored ones. The mortality strongly increased and the weight of pupa significantly decreased with the rise of density, but neither duration of larval and pupal periods, head width nor body weight of larva (except the fifth instar) differed significantly according to the density. It might be concluded that the pale green larva found commonly in the field is a more adapted form as regards their natural mode of life than the dark-colored larva found at high density.View full abstractDownload PDF (1517K) -
Yoshio NAKAMURA1967 Volume 11 Issue 4 Pages 164-168
Published: December 25, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSObservations of the earthworm population in the grasslands of alluvial, volcanic ash, and peat soils representing each feature were made in Sapporo, from the beginning of May to the beginning of November in 1966. Seven species in all were found in these grasslands: Allolobophora japonica, A. caliginosa, Dendrobaena octaedra, Pheretima hupeiensis, P. hilgendorfi, P. agrestis and P. sp. In the alluvial soil, six species were found, A. japonica being dominant and P. sp. subdominant. In the volcanic ash soil, five species appeared, A. japonica being dominant and D. octaedra subdominant. In the peat soil, D. octaedra was the only species obtained. A. japonica was common in the alluvial and volcanic ash soil, and D. octaedra was common in the volcanic ash and peat soil. The maximum population of earthworms was observed late October in the alluvial soil, early November in the peat soil, and late October in the volcanic ash soil. Their maximum biomass (wet weight) was observed in early October in the alluvial soil, early November in the volcanic ash soil, and late October in the peat soil. The population density was in the following order: peat>alluvial>volcanic ash, and the biomass was in the order: alluvial>peat>volcanic ash.View full abstractDownload PDF (613K) -
Kazutoshi NAKASONO, Minoru ICHINOHE1967 Volume 11 Issue 4 Pages 169-176
Published: December 25, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSRedescription of Rotylenchulus nicotiana (YOKOO et TANAKA, 1954) n. comb. was given. Adult female: shape of anterior part irregular and of posterior swollen, esophageal glands overlapped ventrally, two ovaries coiled or zigzaged, vulva elevated, distal part of tail slender, cuticle annulated, no lateral lines. Young female: slender, open “C” shaped when killed with gentle heat, cuticle annules fine, four lateral lines, esophageal glands overlapped ventrally, rectum clear, hyaline portion of tail 8.5μ long, stylet 18.8μ, o=81.3, vulva not elevated, V=69.2. Second-stage larva: shape similar to young female in outline but larger, esophageal glands small and overlapped ventrally, cuticle annules fine, tail without hyaline portion, stylet 16.5μ, o=95.3. Egg: elongate-oval, positioned as a mass within a thin gelatinous matrix around adult female body. Male: unknown. Neotype (adult female): L=698.3μ, a=5.5, b=6.4, V=58, swollen part 497.4μ long, stylet 16.2μ. Considerable variations in the shape of adult female, particularly of the anterior part, were observed presumably associated with the development of root tissue where the nematode had been located, of great burdock Actium Lappa L., a principal host of the nematode species. Nicotiana tabacum L. in which field YOKOO and TANAKA obtained their original specimens was found not to be fully suitable as a host for the parasite. Tomato Lycopersicon esculentum MILL. and sweet potato Ipomoea Batatas LAM. were also proved to be good host plants. Type locality: Wakimoto, Akune, Kagoshima (The name has been changed after YOKOO and TANAKA made their description).View full abstractDownload PDF (2783K) -
Jun MITSUHASHI, Kenji KOYAMA1967 Volume 11 Issue 4 Pages 177-181
Published: December 25, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSConditions or treatments for storage and inactivation of Chilo iridescent virus (CIV) were studied. Purified CIV suspension retained its infectivity after preservation at 5°C, 25°C, 35°C and 45°C for 100 days respectively. Freeze-preservation at -4°C for 100 days did not inactivate CIV infectivity. CIV also recovered its infectivity after storage of 6 months when it was dried on P2O5. The infectivity of CIV was kept at the pH range from 1.0 to 13.0 when CIV was kept at 5°C for 24hr with solutions of various pH. CIV lost its infectivity at 80°C or much higher temperature when it was heated, and the critical condition of the heat inactivation was estimated as 80°C for 10min. CIV showed considerable stability against chemical treatment. The infectivity of CIV was recovered after treatment with 0.1% HgCl2, 10% formalin, 70% ethyl alcohol, 10% Na3PO4⋅12H2O, 2.5% phenol, 1:1, 000 creosot, 1:100 neutral detergent, (Lipon F), 0.4% Haemo-sol for 24hr at 25°C respectively. Chromic acid mixture as well as 1:20 cresol respectively dissolved CIV completely, but when CIV was present as masses 1:20 cresol did not act so and the infectivity of CIV was recovered from the undissolved CIV masses. Ability of chromic acid mixture to inactivate CIV seemed to depend upon its formulation. Formalin, if used at a high concentration of 37%, could inactivate CIV, but not completely.View full abstractDownload PDF (591K) -
Takeo TAKAMI, Hachiro SUGIYAMA, Toshio KITAZAWA, Toshio KANDA1967 Volume 11 Issue 4 Pages 182-186
Published: December 25, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSNaked eggs of the silkworm, Bombyx mori L., which had been stripped of the chorion, were cultured in vitro and inoculated with cytoplasmic-polyhedrosis virus. Embryos grew in these eggs, but the polyhedron formation was observed to occur only in the mid-gut of normally developed embryos which had swallowed down the serosa and reached at the point of stage about to “hatch”. Polyhedron formation could be found neither in the mid-gut primordium nor in malformed mid-guts both of which often came out into the surrounding culture medium as a result of evagination or incomplete dorsal closure of cultured embryos. It seems that per os administration of the virus is, as in larvae, the most effective method for infection of the virus in cultured embryos, and that a certain degree of morphological or physiological differentiation of the mid-gut cells is a necessary factor for the virus infection. Polyhedron fomation was never observed to occur in the eggs which were laid by polyhedron-containing mothers and cultured in vitro without inoculation.View full abstractDownload PDF (2269K) -
Masahiko NAKATA, Yoji ISHINO1967 Volume 11 Issue 4 Pages 187-188
Published: December 25, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (241K) -
Kang Chae LEE1967 Volume 11 Issue 4 Pages 189-191
Published: December 25, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
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Takuji ISHII1967 Volume 11 Issue 4 Pages 191-192
Published: December 25, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (251K) -
Kojiro YOSHIOKA, Toshikazu IWATA1967 Volume 11 Issue 4 Pages 193-195
Published: December 25, 1967
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (392K)
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