All issues
Volume 30 (1986)
- Issue 4 Pages 219-
- Issue 3 Pages 167-
- Issue 2 Pages 81-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 30, Issue 4
Displaying 1-17 of 17 articles from this issue
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|
-
Furumi KOMAI1986 Volume 30 Issue 4 Pages 219-224
Published: November 25, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPetrova monopunctata OKU, hitherto little known as a pest, was found to be a comparatively destructive insect which damages the cones and shoots of some species of coniferous trees in Hokkaido. The adult, pupa, and larva were described. Petrova pini KUZNETZOV was newly synonymized with P. monopunctata OKU. The biology was as follows: one generation per year; adult flying from early May to mid-June; larvae tunneling into cones and shoots of Abies and Picea, and cones of Pinus and Larix (Pinaceae); pupation in cocoons in cones and shoots; hibernation in pupae in cocoons. In addition to P. monopunctata, eleven Microlepidoptera attacking cones and shoots of coniferous trees have been recognized in Hokkaido. The characters enabling to distinguish the larvae (excluding Rhyacionia sp. and Cydia illutana dahuricolana KUZNETZOV) were summarized.View full abstractDownload PDF (1988K) -
Yasushi WASHIZUKA, Toshio KUSUMI, Shigemi HIMAKI1986 Volume 30 Issue 4 Pages 225-232
Published: November 25, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDistribution and turnover of phosphorus, nitrogen, potassium, calcium, magnesium, sodium and BHC in a low-land forest ecosystem were examined in Taiwan (Lake Chengching Kaohsiung County, and Kenting Park Ping Tung County, and Taoyuan Village Taitung County) and in Japan (Kamiuracho Minamiamabe County, Oita Pref.) from February to November, 1985. The results were as follows. The contents of P, K and Mg in the A-layer of soil, and P and K in the H-layer in Japan were higher than those in Taiwan, but the content of Ca in the L-layer of soil in Japan was lower than that in Taiwan. The contents of P in plants and N in trees in Taiwan and the contents of six kinds of elements (P, N, K, Ca, Mg, Na) in insects in Taiwan were higher than those in Japan. Furthermore, BHC residues in the A, H and L-soil-layers in Japan were higher than those in Taiwan. According to the distribution and turnover of P, N and Ca in the Taiwan ecosystem (Kenting Park Ping Tung County), the turnover of those three kinds of elements was more active in Taiwan than in Japan.View full abstractDownload PDF (877K) -
Seiji KANEKO1986 Volume 30 Issue 4 Pages 233-238
Published: November 25, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA running wheel type actograph for recording the locomotor activity of two species of Periplaneta cockroaches was assembled. Two types of actographs equipped with different rotatory wheels, a commercially available light weight polyvinyl chloride cup (cup type) and a cage with wood frame covered with polyethylene net (cage type) were assembled. Both types were able to record the activity of the cockroaches for three to four months continuously. The cup type had some problems in stability but could record the locomotor activity clearly, whereas the cage type was superior to the former in stability. The free-running periods of P. fuliginosa and P. americana were determined with these devices;τDD and τLL (90-110lx) were 23hr 38min and 24hr 19min in P. fuliginosa, and 23hr 59min and 24hr 12min in P. americana at 25°C, respectively. The rhythm of P. fuliginosa under LD conditions was frequently biphasic. The rhythm of P. americana showed smaller variations than that of P. fuliginosa.View full abstractDownload PDF (1324K) -
Jun'ichi KANEKO1986 Volume 30 Issue 4 Pages 239-246
Published: November 25, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSUnder a photoregime of 15L-9D and DD (weak red light) the calling rhythm of the yellow peach moth was investigated at the three different temperatures. The calling rhythm freeran under the DD regime and its period (τ) showed few variations at the three temperatures (17, 22, 27°C). The calling time (φr) was delayed when the temperature was high. Under the 15L (22°C)-9D(17°C) regime, φr was intermediate between φr under the 15L(22°C)-9D(22°C) regime and that under the 15L(17°C)-9D(17°C). When the temperature was changed stepwise (22°C→17°C or 17°C→22°C) in the L→D and/or D→L transition, two different results were obtained. One is that φr was affected only by the temperature change in the L→D transition and not by the previous temperature conditions. The other is that φr was affected by the previous temperature change in the D→L transition or temperature conditions under the previous photoperiod as well as by the temperature change in the L→D transition. Based on these results, the processes involved in the photoperiod and darkperiod were discussed. When the L→D transition was advanced by 3hr (17°C) or 6hr (17°C, 27°C) under the 15L-9D photoregime, the calling time φr was advanced by 2.6hr and 5.6hr at 17°C and only by 2.5hr at 27°C, respectively. This phenomenon seemed to be associated with rapid termination of the calling process running in the photoperiod (PL) at 17°C rather than at 27°C. Based on these results, the possible mechanism of temperature compensation for τ was also discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (889K) -
Masakazu SHIGA1986 Volume 30 Issue 4 Pages 247-253
Published: November 25, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDuring the course of an eradication program by the application of the male annihilation method (MA) for the control of the oriental fruit fly, Dacus dorsalis HENDEL, on the Miyako Islands and the Yaeyama Islands, Okinawa, Japan, the values of the index of contagiousness, Iδ, and IWAO'S ‘density-contagiousness coefficient’, β, were calculated from the frequency distribution of the numbers of flies caught in traps distributed in the target areas. The values of both Iδ and β during the period of MA implementation were slightly higher than or nearly equal to those in the pre-control period in such places as Ishigaki, Yonaguni and Tarama Islands, where MA has been successfully implemented throughout. In contrast, the corresponding values during the period of MA implementation apparently increased immediately after the initiation of MA application on Iriomote Island and in Ueno Village on Miyako Island, where MA was only partly effective initially, and the eradication had not been achieved until the dosage was increased and the method of application of methyleugenol was revised. In the latter case, it was suggested that the effect of MA varied among the local patches in the total population of the fly. Therefore, successful eradication with MA can be predicted in the early phase of MA implementation by observing the changes in the contagiousness parameters based on the frequency distribution of the number of flies trapped. These results suggest that not only temporal changes but also the spatial distribution pattern of the target insect population must be analysed to evaluate the effects of methods of eradication.View full abstractDownload PDF (806K) -
Yuki NAKANO, Yoshio TAMAKI, Hajime SUGIE1986 Volume 30 Issue 4 Pages 254-259
Published: November 25, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSAttractiveness of synthetic sex pheromone, methyl (Z)-5-tetradecenoate, of the soybean beetle was evaluated in the field. E-isomer of the methyl ester was not attractive to the beetle, and no inhibitory effect was noticed by adding the compound up to 50%. Maximum number of trap catch was recorded in a trap located at 1m above the ground, though a few beetles were also caught in a trap placed at 10m height. Attractiveness of the pheromone trap relative to a 20W black-light trap was high in the beginning of the flight season. But the relative attractiveness decreased in the peak flight season and increased again at the end of the season. In using trap baited with a plastic dispenser loaded with 10mg synthetic sex pheromone, the number of catches was 9 to 17 times larger than when a trap baited with 3 virgin females was used. Plastic or rubber dispenser loaded with 10 to 30mg methyl (Z)-5-tetradecenoate was recommended for monitoring the soybean beetle in the field.View full abstractDownload PDF (792K) -
Yuki NAKANO, Yoshio TAMAKI1986 Volume 30 Issue 4 Pages 260-267
Published: November 25, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSTraps baited with 10mg methyl (Z)-5-tetradecenoate in a plastic capsule were used to survey the occurrence of males of the soybean beetle in the field. Seasonal prevalence of the beetle monitored by a pheromone trap and a black-light trap coincided with each other. In three different traps, i.e., pheromone trap, virgin-female trap and black-light trap, the maximum number of catches was recorded 30 to 60 min after sunset. The pheromone trap attracted the beetles for a longer period of time in a day compared to the virgin-female trap. A larger number of the beetle were caught in the traps located in an open field near host-plant crops. Average recovery in mark-release-recapture experiments was 38.6%. Though the maximum flight distance was a radius of 1, 630m per night, most males were recaptured within 500m from the release point. Relationship between the percentage of recapture (Y) and the flight distance (X) was represented by logY=9.3068-1.4229logX (r=0.8945). The males attracted to the black-light trap were 3- to 4-days younger than those attracted to the pheromone trap. Trapping efficiency of the pheromone trap was negatively correlated with the female/male ratio of the beetles.View full abstractDownload PDF (873K) -
Isolation and Identification of the PheromoneTakeshi UJIYE, Masayoshi WAKOU, Toshio OKU, Kenpei HOMMA, Kenjiro KAWA ...1986 Volume 30 Issue 4 Pages 268-271
Published: November 25, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSBioassay methods under both laboratory and field conditions were established for the isolation of the female sex pheromone of the apple leafminer moth. Two pheromone components were isolated using a Florisil column, silver nitrate impregnated silica gel column and gas chromatography. It was estimated that the major component is 10-tetradecenyl acetate and the minor component is nonconjugated tetradecadienyl acetate, with a double bond in position 10.View full abstractDownload PDF (454K) -
Kazuhiro MATSUDA, Toshiro SATO1986 Volume 30 Issue 4 Pages 272-276
Published: November 25, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFemale strawberry leaf beetles fed on foliage of strawberry infected with strawberry mottle (SMoV) and strawberry mild yellow edge viruses (SMYEV) exhibited lower fecundity than those fed on virus-free foliage. The larval and pupal development of this species was not affected by the feeding on infected foliage. Chemical analysis showed that the amount of soluble nitrogen in infected foliage was half of that in virus-free foliage. The fecundity of female beetles fed on virus-free foliage deficient in soluble nitrogen was significantly decreased. These results indicate that the lower fecundity of the female leaf beetles was caused primarily by the low level of soluble nitrogen in the foliage infected with SMoV and SMYEV.View full abstractDownload PDF (1217K) -
Hiroshi HAMA1986 Volume 30 Issue 4 Pages 277-284
Published: November 25, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSusceptibility of 31 populations of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella, to various insecticides collected all over Japan was determined in 4th instar larvae by using the topical application method. Pyrethroids were the most toxic to a susceptible strain (S), followed by organophosphate such as cyanofenphos, dimethylvinphos, methidathion, and so on. Large variations of insecticidal activity were observed among 23 organophosphorus insecticides (OP). Methomyl, cartap, thiocyclam and DDT exhibited a moderate toxicity to the S strain. A moderate decrease in susceptibility to fenvalerate was observed in the Naha population. The Yokota population which was susceptible to pyrethroids and resistant to OP exhibited a high resistance to DDT. A moderate resistance to cartap and thiocyclam was observed. Resistance levels of populations to OP and carbamate insecticides were extremely different. Based on their resistance spectra, the 31 populations could be divided into five groups. Resistance spectra of each group were similar to one another, i.e., resistance levels of each group were higher to cyanofenphos, prothiofos, cyanophos and isoxathion than to dimethylvinphos, methidathion and profenofos. Resistance levels to OP were low in Hokkaido, whereas high in the southern part of Kyushu and Okinawa. A moderate OP resistance distributed from the Tohoku district to the northern part of Kyushu. Seasonal changes of the resistance level to OP were observed in Hokkaido, Gunma and Shimane where the resistance level was lower in spring and in early summer and higher in autumn.View full abstractDownload PDF (841K) -
Norizumi SHINKAJI, Kimiko OKABE, Hiroshi AMANO1986 Volume 30 Issue 4 Pages 285-289
Published: November 25, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMites of the subfamily Rhizoglyphinae infesting rakkyo and chinese chive were collected in several districts where these crops are being grown. Mites were identified and their susceptibility to dimethoate and disulfoton was examined in the laboratory. Two species, Rhizoglyphus robini CLAPARÉDE and Caloglyphus sp., were identified in the samples and no individuals belonging to the R. echinopus (FUMOUZE et ROBIN) species were collected. Although the current samples were limited representatives of the districts, the number of either of the two species predominated over the other in most cases. The susceptibility of R. robini to dimethoate and disulfoton showed similar inter-district variations with a resistance factor in the range of 2 to 9. In contrast Caloglyphus sp. showed a low susceptibility to dimethoate without significant variations (resistance factor ranging from 1-3) between the districts. However, the same species showed a potential for high susceptibility to disulfoton and the inter-district difference in the resistance factor was as great as 3 to 25 times.View full abstractDownload PDF (621K) -
I. Resistance Patterns to Organophosphorus InsecticidesMasahiko KUWAHARA1986 Volume 30 Issue 4 Pages 290-295
Published: November 25, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSToxicity of 41 organophosphorus insecticides to adult females of the bulb mite was examined by using the filter paper method. Field-collected strains showed a high level of resistance to a wide range of organophosphorus insecticides, especially to aromatic phosphorothionate, aliphatic phosphorothiolothionate, phosphoramidothiolate, aliphatic derivatives of phosphate, phosphonate and phosphorothiolate. However, the resistance ratio to heterocyclic phosphorothionate, aromatic phosphonothionate, phosphorothiolothionate and phosphate forming an ester bond with aliphatic thioalcohol substituted with the heterocyclic compound and enol, S-propyl phosphorothiolothionate and phosphorothiolate was less than five times as that of the susceptible strain. These strains also showed similar resistance patterns to various organophosphates. These results indicate that there is a cross-resistance to organophosphates, and suggest that major resistance factors are involved in organophosphate resistance in the bulb mite.View full abstractDownload PDF (801K) -
Yoshiyuki UEBAYASHI, Tadashi MIYATA, Tetsuo SAITO1986 Volume 30 Issue 4 Pages 296-297
Published: November 25, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDifferences in susceptibility of four strains of the bulb mite were recognized against four insecticides except oxamyl. In W, G and L stains, development of considerably high resistance to dimethoate, thiometon and disulfoton was observed, however resistance to prothiophos was found to be low. Oxamyl was most toxic to all strains. Resistance to prothiophos and thiometon in resistant strains as considered to be cross resistance with disulfoton.View full abstractDownload PDF (269K) -
Norio ITAGAKI, Kenji KOYAMA1986 Volume 30 Issue 4 Pages 298-300
Published: November 25, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSA predacious mite, Amblyseius eharai AMITAI et SWIRSKI, was reared on artificial diets (MED-1, 4 and modifications) with a well defined chemical composition. In the experiments in which Amblyseius eharai was fed on these synthetic diets, the developmental period was longer and the rate of adult emergence was higher than in the individuals fed on mite eggs.View full abstractDownload PDF (363K) -
Katsuhiko YAGINUMA, Kazuo TAKAGI1986 Volume 30 Issue 4 Pages 300-301
Published: November 25, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (273K) -
Keiji TAKASU, Yoshimi HIROSE1986 Volume 30 Issue 4 Pages 302-304
Published: November 25, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOoencyrtus nezarae produced a large number of progeny on eggs of Megacopta punctissimum and Homoeocerus unipunctatus on Kudzu-vine, Pueraria lobata, in various localities of Fukuoka Prefecture from June to July in 1985. Thus, the community of this wild plant is considered to be an important breeding site of O. nezarae before it attacks eggs of several species of bugs in soybean fields from July to October.View full abstractDownload PDF (350K) -
Fukusaburo TANAKA, Akira KONDO, Takashi HENMI1986 Volume 30 Issue 4 Pages 305-307
Published: November 25, 1986
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSYellow cylindrical sticky traps (YSTs) were much more attractive to adults of the grape leafhopper, Arboridia apicalis, than transparent cylindrical sticky traps. Seasonal fluctuation in the number of A. apicalis caught in YST was similar to that in the adult density on grape leaves. Overwintering adults were caught about 1.5 months earlier in the vine glasshouse than in the vineyard.View full abstractDownload PDF (382K)
- |<
- <
- 1
- >
- >|