Japanese Journal of Applied Entomology and Zoology
Online ISSN : 1347-6068
Print ISSN : 0021-4914
ISSN-L : 0021-4914
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Volume 45, Issue 1
Displaying 1-4 of 4 articles from this issue
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Regular Papers
  • The Influence of Unusual Hot Weather on the Occurrence of Several Arthropod Crop Pests
    Takuhiro Yamaguchi, Keizi Kiritani, Kunihiko Matsuhira, Ken Fukuda
    Article type: Regular Paper
    Subject area: [not specified]
    2001 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 1-7
    Published: 2001
    Released on J-STAGE: March 25, 2003
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1303/jjaez.2001.1
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    In order to project the influence of global climatic changes on insects, we examined the effects of a rise in temperature of 2–3°C on the phenology and occurrence of arthropod crop pests using data obtained from Kagoshima Prefecture, southwestern Japan, in 1998. The average temperature of this year was 2°C higher than that between 1960–1998. Several arthropod species emerged earlier than previous years because of the unusually high average temperature. These species were Homona magnanima, Adoxophyes honmai, Scirtothrips dorsalis, Pseudaulacaspis pentagona, aphids (mainly Myzus persicae and Lipaphis erysimi), and Tetranychus kanzawai. All species showed developmental zeros of less than 10°C. In contrast, Spodoptera litura and Helicoverpa armigera, whose developmental zeros were above the mean winter temperature, emerged as usual in the spring. A possible increase in the number of generations per year was not clearly shown by the trap capture records, but all species are likely to have 1–2 more generations. The total number of male S. litura captured by pheromone traps in 1998 was the largest during the past 14 years. There was a positive correlation between the abundance of males and the mean annual temperatures. In contrast, H. magnanima, A. honmai and aphids were less abundant in 1998, and this occurs once per 4–10 years. No detectable difference in abundance was observed in H. armigera. We concluded that an elevation in mean temperature of 2°C would impact the phenology of insects, but the pattern of response would greatly vary among species.
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  • A Rapid Screening Technique for Bacillus thuringiensis Using Image Processing
    Toshio Hyakutake, Tokio Ichimatsu, Eiichi Mizuki, Michio Ohba
    Article type: Regular Paper
    Subject area: [not specified]
    2001 Volume 45 Issue 1 Pages 9-14
    Published: 2001
    Released on J-STAGE: March 25, 2003
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1303/jjaez.2001.9
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    A computer-based image processing technique was adapted for rapid screening of Bacillus thuringiensis. Sporulated colonies of the B. thuringiensis/B. cereus group were observed under a phase-contrast microscope and the images were recorded by a CCD camera. The data were converted into binary images after reducing the background noises and thickening the edge lines of spores and inclusions. Parasporal inclusions were then distinguished from spores by a difference in curvatures and sizes. The system automatically differentiated in five seconds between B. thuringiensis and B. cereus by the ratio of spores and parasporal inclusions.
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