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Volume 17 (1973)
- Issue 4 Pages 171-
- Issue 3 Pages 121-
- Issue 2 Pages 49-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 17, Issue 2
Displaying 1-13 of 13 articles from this issue
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Kenji KOYAMA1973 Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages 49-53
Published: June 25, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe preference of a leafhopper, Inazuma dorsalis, was tested on diets colored variously in order to develop the effective artificial diets for this leafhopper. When 5% aqueous solution of sucrose was supplied under different color conditions, the leafhopper was most attracted to the diet colored with yellowish light, and then that with greenish light. Reddish, bluish and purplish color were found to have little effect on attracting the leafhopper. The perference for the vitamin solution over the distilled water disappeared when tested under identical color conditions. It is, therefore, concluded that the color of the diet is very important to attract this leafhopper on diet and the yellowish coloration of the diet may improve the artificial rearing of this leafhopper.View full abstractDownload PDF (498K) -
Hiromu AKAI1973 Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages 54-62
Published: June 25, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn ultrastructural observations on the midgut of Bombyx larvae utilizing conventional ultrathin sections, there were problems of interpretation with respect to the three dimensional ultrastructure of the nuclear pores, the mitochondria-filled cytoplasmic projections of the goblet cells, and the secretory globules from the columnar cells. This paper reports the results of studies on these problems using an improved frozen section method. The shapes, sizes, and distribution of the nuclear pores were determined. The three dimensional ultrastructure of the mitochondria-filled cytoplasmic projections of the goblet cell was clarified. The three dimensional morphologies of organelles such as the Golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum, microvilli, secretory globules, cell junctions, and basal infoldings in both columnar and goblet cells are described. The utilization of the frozen section method for the electron microscopic study of insect tissues is discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (8110K) -
Kenji UMEYA, Yoichi SEKIGUCHI, Shin-ichiro USHIO1973 Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages 63-70
Published: June 25, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSOriental fruit flies passed 10 days before copulation and over 12 days before oviposition at 25°C when reared on an artificial diet after adult eclosion. Under the same conditions, positive attraction of male oriental fruit flies to methyl eugenol appeared from 9 days of age after adult eclosion. Female flies which had mated up frequently by 15 days after adult eclosion continued to lay viable eggs for a period of four months at longest. Male adult flies had the same nutritional requirements as females for sound fertilization. It is presumed that a subtle time lag of commencement of attraction of male adult flies to methyl eugenol, as observed in laboratory tests, will also apply in the field conditions. Adult female flies reared with males and under the influence of methyl eugenol, laid a few eggs before all flies were attracted and killed in traps or died a natural death. The fact that some eggs hached proved the presence of males which mated successfully even under the influence of methyl eugenol. The presence of such males, in the course of field trials of methyl eugenol for the control of the oriental fruit fly, may induce a population of males which are not attracted to methyl eugenol.View full abstractDownload PDF (1610K) -
Toru NAGATA, Yoichi MAEDA, Shigeo MORIYA, Ryoiti KISIMOTO1973 Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages 71-76
Published: June 25, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSuitable time of insecticide application was tested in relation to the seasonal prevalence of the brown planthopper. Population growth of the brown planthopper in rice field begins with macropterous immigrants from the late June to the middle of July (the 2nd adult period of the year), followed by two generations in which eggs to be source of the next generation are laid by brachypterous females from the end of July to the middle of August (the 3rd adult period) and from the end of August to September (the 4th adult period). Hopperburns appear mostly from the end of September to October along with growing of nymphs produced by the 4th period adults. Controls in later seasons are often little effective because of survival of eggs from insecticides, owing to wide and overlapping generation. It was proposed to advance controlling time and to eliminate the brachypterous females. Times of treatment were selected as follows, the beginning (treatment I), the peak (II) and the end (III) of the 3rd adult period and the beginning of the 4th adult period (IV). Mipcin® fine granule (o-cumenyl methylcarbamate), 4kg per 10a, was applied once in each treatment. In treatment I population density of the planthopper was depressed sufficiently through the growing period of rice plant and a high yield was obtained. Good result was obtained also in treatment IV. However, in treatment II and III early recovery of population density due to survived eggs caused heavy infestation and severe hopperburns. The residual effect of Mipcin used seemed to be not sufficient to cover the incubation period of the planthopper egg of about 10 days.View full abstractDownload PDF (699K) -
Kazuaki KAMIJO1973 Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages 77-83
Published: June 25, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSChoristoneura diversana was known as a defoliator of deciduous trees in Europe and Japan, but several outbreaks of this species have occurred on mature plantations of todo-fir in Hokkaido since 1965. Investigations of the parasites of the Tortricid in young and mature plantations and a natural forest of todo-fir in central Hokkaido being conducted since 1965 revealed that of 46 species obtained 23 were Ichneumonid, 6 Braconid, 10 Chalcid, and 7 Tachinid. Cephaloglypta laricis MOMOI was the dominant larval parasite in stands of high host densities, its parasitism ranging from 5 to 30%, whereas Lissonota sp. was dominant in stands of low host densities, its parasitism sometimes reaching 60% in natural forests or young plantations. Parasitism in the pupal stage ranged from 5 to 48%. Coccygomimus turionellae L., C. disparis VIERECK, and Dirophanes yezoensis UCHIDA were the most common pupal parasites. Although most of the parasites were associated with other Tortricids on todo-fir, 4 species, i.e., C. laricis, Lissonota sp., Meteorus sp., and D. yezoensis, had an exclusive preference for C. diversana. On larch, however, these parasites except for Meteorus sp. parasitized Ptycholomoides aeriferana H.-S., the biology of which is very similar to that of C. diversana. As a result the parasite complexes of both Tortricids showed a similar structure. When the specialized parasites of C. diversana, the spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana, and the European fir budworm, C. murinana, are compared, Lissonota sp. is apparently a counterpart of Apanteles fumiferanae and A. murinanae. Meteorus sp., which was usually the next most numerous larval parasite, seems to have no counterparts in the parasite complexes of both foreign budworms. It seems likely that these differences in the specialized parasites have resulted from the phylogenetic difference of C. diversana.View full abstractDownload PDF (957K) -
IV. Neurosecretory IV Cell in the Lateral Part of the BrainYoshiaki KONO1973 Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages 84-90
Published: June 25, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSNeurosecretory IV cells in the lateral part of the brain were observed electron microscopically from the 4th day of the 5th larval instar till 8-12hr after larval-pupal ecdysis, and the changes of the cell structures through these periods were compared between diapause and non-diapause individuals. Rough ER of NS-IV cells showed different features already at the 4th day of the 5th instar influenced by the photoperiods: ER of diapause individuals showed plate-like appearance and that of non-diapause ones was saccular. But the cell structures of diapause and non-diapause mature larvae which ceased feeding were found to be very similar. Remarkable changes appeared through the pupation in both individuals. In diapause individuals, secretory granules aggregated, and plate-like rough ER increased and were arranged parallel in the marginal zone and around the nucleus after the pupal ecdysis. Many inclusion bodies, named myelinated body, multivesicular body, and dense body, were observed in these processes. In non-diapause individuals, on the contrary, secretory granules decreased and rough ER became saccular through the pupal ecdysis. Typical Golgi bodies constructed with several cistarnae were no more observed and vacuoles appeared 8-12hr after the ecdysis. These structural changes occurring in NS-IV cells during the pupation suggested the suppression of the secretion in diapause insects and the acceleration of the secretion in non-diapause insects as did in NS-II cells in the pars intercerebralis.View full abstractDownload PDF (6466K) -
Shoji ASANO, Hirotaka SAKAKIBARA, Tadaharu KITAGAKI, Kiyoe NAKAMURA, Y ...1973 Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages 91-96
Published: June 25, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThuricides A, B, and C are the products based on the δ-endotoxin of Bacillus thuringiensis BERLINER. Effectiveness of these products on larvae of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella, the common cabbageworm, Pieris rapae crucivora, the cabbage armyworm, Mamestra brassicae, and the tobacco cutworm, Spodoptera litura were evaluated in laboratory and field tests. All products gave good control for the diamondback moth and the common cabbageworm, but their effectiveness on the cabbage armyworm and the tobacco cutworm were not enough in both laboratory and field tests. The common cabbageworm showed the remarkable lowering of feeding after the ingestion of cabbage leaves treated with Thuricide. Regression line between days after application and lowering of feeding was not parallel to that between days and mortality. Relation between the LC50's and days after application of Thuricide in the common cabbageworm and the diamondback moth was different from that of the cabbageworm and the tobacco cutworm. It was expressed by a straight line in the former two species and by intersected two straight lines in the latter two species.View full abstractDownload PDF (790K) -
Tadashi MIYATA, Tetsuo SAITO, Kisabu IYATOMI1973 Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages 97-100
Published: June 25, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWhen NS 2662 (O, O-dimethyl 2, 2-dichloro 1-hydroxyethyl phosphonate) was orally applied to mice, the poisoned mice died after paralysis but without showing characteristic symptoms of organophosphorus poisoning such as severe hyperactivity and convulsion. On the other hand, when NS 2662 was injected into the brains through the occipital foramen, the mice showed hyperacitivy and convulsion, and died. After 14C-NS 2662, 14C-DMVP (O, O-dimethyl 2-mono-chlorovinyl phosphate), 14C-trichlorfon or 14C-dichlorvos were orally applied to mice or injected into the brains, much more amounts of insecticides were found in the muscle of the orally applied mice than in that of the intracerebrally injected mice. The highest concentration of the insecticide in the muscle was observed in the case of oral application of NS 2662, and was 10-4M and 10-5M at 30min and 4hr after the application, respectively. Adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) content was minimum in the muscle of mice to which NS 2662 had been orally applied. Characteristic symptoms of these poisoned mice without severe hyperactivity and convulsion may be attributed to the lack of ATP, which serves as an energy source of muscle movement.View full abstractDownload PDF (533K) -
Yoshinobu ARATAKE, Tsuruo KAYAMURA1973 Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages 101-106
Published: June 25, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPathogenicity tests with two strains of Bombyx cytoplasmic-polyhedrosis virus, with polyhedra showing hexagonal and tetragonal outlines, to several lepidoperous insects were conducted. A Bombyx virus occluded in hexagonal polyhedron was transmitted to Scopelodes contracta, Dendrolimus spectabilis, Malacosoma neustria testacea, Lymantria dispar japonica, Lymantria mathura aurora, Clostera anastomosis orientalis, Spiralctia subcarnea, and Dictioploca Japonica. On the other hand, a Bombyx virus occluded in tetragonal polyhedron was transmitted to Scopelodes contracta, Dendrolimus spectabilis, Malacosoma neustria testacea, Lymantria dispar japonica, Lymantria mathura aurora, Clostera anastomosis orientalis, Arcte coerulea, Spilarctia subcarnea, and Philosamia cynthia pryeri. The Bombyx virus passed through the larvae of different insect species still retained its infectivity to the silkworm, Bombyx mori.View full abstractDownload PDF (787K) -
Kenji UMEYA, Hideo YAMADA1973 Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages 107-109
Published: June 25, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
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Mamoru WATANABE, Kiyoshi KAMIMURA1973 Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages 109-111
Published: June 25, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
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Kenji KOYAMA, Jun MITSUHASHI1973 Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages 111-113
Published: June 25, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
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Masaharu MATSUI1973 Volume 17 Issue 2 Pages 113-115
Published: June 25, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (1661K)
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