Japanese Journal of Applied Entomology and Zoology
Online ISSN : 1347-6068
Print ISSN : 0021-4914
ISSN-L : 0021-4914
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Volume 58, Issue 2
Displaying 1-18 of 18 articles from this issue
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Special Articles: Recent Progress in Pest Management using Artificial Light and Colors
Reviews
Original Articles
  • Attraction to Different Wavelength Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs), the Compound Eye Structure, and opsin Genes in Nilaparvata lugens
    Yukiko Matsumoto, Motohiro Wakakuwa, Fumiko Yukuhiro, Kentaro Arikawa, ...
    Article type: Original Article
    2014 Volume 58 Issue 2 Pages 111-118
    Published: May 25, 2014
    Released on J-STAGE: November 15, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1303/jjaez.2014.111
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    We studied the wavelength dependency of phototactic behavior, the eye structure, and opsin genes of the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae). The action spectrum showed that N. lugens was attracted to wide wavelength range of light; i.e. from 365 nm to 735 nm. The preference test between two wavelengths indicated that they were attracted to the wavelength in the following sequence; 365 nm=385 nm>470 nm=525 nm>white LED=590 nm>660 nm>735 nm>850 nm. The spectral sensitivity of the eyes, determined by electroretinogram (ERG), exhibited peaks at 520 nm and 360 nm, while the sensitivity was negligible at the wavelength longer than 660 nm. Three opsin genes were cloned; one long wavelength (LW), and two UV-absorbing types (UV1 and UV2). In situ hybridization showed that LW opsin mRNA was widely expressed in the compound eyes and the ocelli. The UV1 opsin mRNA was expressed in the ventral periphery, while the mRNA of the UV2 opsin was expressed throughout the eye. Eight photoreceptor cells were observed to form a rhabdom in the compound eyes.
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  • Effects of Color Sticky Traps and a Reflective Sheet on the Orientation of Diaphorina citri (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) Adults
    Nami Uechi, Shinichi Miyata, Toru Iwanami
    Article type: Original Article
    2014 Volume 58 Issue 2 Pages 119-125
    Published: May 25, 2014
    Released on J-STAGE: November 15, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1303/jjaez.2014.119
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama, transmits pathogenic bacteria that cause the citrus greening disease (Huanglongbing). To explore an effective monitoring method, we compared the effects of four yellow sticky traps, two blue sticky traps, and a reflective sheet on the orientation of D. citri adults under artificial sunlight in the laboratory. In addition, the reflectance spectra of each trap and the reflective sheet were measured to examine which wavelengths attract or inhibit D. citri adults. Yellow sticky traps and the reflective sheet showed high reflection around the wavelength 550 nm and attracted D. citri, as well as other psyllid pest species. A combination of a yellow sticky trap and a host plant was more attractive than a yellow sticky trap or a host plant alone. Blue sticky traps that showed high reflection around 450 nm did not attract or inhibit D. citri. Further studies are required to compare these results with field data. To develop more effective sticky traps, the mechanism underlying the attractiveness of the wavelength 550 nm for the psyllid should be investigated.
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  • Development of a Light Trap with Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs) for the Collection of Culicoides Biting Midges
    Tohru Yanase, Yoko Hayama, Hiroaki Shirafuji, Makoto Yamakawa, Tomoko ...
    Article type: Original Article
    2014 Volume 58 Issue 2 Pages 127-132
    Published: May 25, 2014
    Released on J-STAGE: November 15, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1303/jjaez.2014.127
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The genus Culicoides is involved in the transmission of many pathogens of veterinary importance. To develop suction light traps for improved sampling of Culicoides biting midges, we tested light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with various wavelengths. We used seven types of LEDs [ultra-violet (UV) (365 nm), UV (375 nm), blue (470 nm), greenish-blue (500 nm), green (525 nm), yellow (575 nm) and red (625 nm)] to compare the effectiveness of midge collection at a cattle shed. We found that biting midges were significantly more attracted to the UV 375 nm LED compared to the other types of LEDs. UV 365 nm was also found to be effective for midge collection. Light traps with UV 365 nm LED were also set at 10 cattle farms and one poultry farm scattered in five prefectures in Japan (Aomori, Iwate, Shimane, Kagoshima and Okinawa). The collected midges were sorted into 27 species including important arboviral and protozoan vectors such as Culicoides oxystoma, C. brevitarsis and C. arakawae. These results suggest that the use of near-UV LED can be adopted for trapping Culicoides biting midges.
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Short Communication
Review
Original Articles
  • Response of Two Parasitoid Wasps to the Sex Pheromone of Japanese Mealybug, Planococcus kraunhiae
    Hirotsugu Tsueda
    Article type: Original Article
    2014 Volume 58 Issue 2 Pages 147-152
    Published: May 25, 2014
    Released on J-STAGE: November 15, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1303/jjaez.2014.147
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The attraction of two parasitoid wasps, Allotropa subclavata (Muesebeck) and Anagyrus fujikona (Tachikawa), to the sex pheromone of Japanese mealybug, Planococcus kraunhiae (Kuwana), was investigated using a pheromone trap and a blank trap under natural and mating disruption conditions by sex pheromones. Although A. fujikona was caught by the pheromone trap in the control plot, this parasitoid was not caught by the blank trap in the control plot or either trap in the mating disruption plot. On the other hand, A. subclavata was caught by both traps equally in control and mating disruption plots. The prevalence of A. fujikona caught by the pheromone trap was similar to that of P. kraunhiae male adults. Additionally, the peaks of caught A. fujikona corresponded to the prediction of when second and third instar larvae of P. kraunhiae would appear. These results suggest that A. fujikona was attracted to the sex pheromone, and that the prevalence of this parasitoid could be monitored by a pheromone trap of P. kraunhiae.
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  • Reducing Damage to Greenhouse Spinach from Tyrophagus similis (Acari: Acaridae)Using Granular Fertilizers Applied to the Soil Surface
    Miki Saito, Yoshiyuki Honda, Naoki Mori, Hiroshi Amano
    Article type: Original Article
    2014 Volume 58 Issue 2 Pages 153-161
    Published: May 25, 2014
    Released on J-STAGE: November 15, 2014
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1303/jjaez.2014.153
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The effect of two types of granular organic fertilizers, fish meal pellet and rape seed meal pellet, on the damage caused to spinach by Tyrophagus similis Volgin(Acari: Acaridae)was investigated. From April to July 2013, spinach was cultivated three times in greenhouses in Hokkaido. The area was divided into 3.24 m2 plots, and the fertilizers were applied at the rate of 40 kg/10 a in the early two-leaf stage of spinach. The mites were confirmed to adhere to the fertilizer pellets immediately after they were applied until harvest time, with the likelihood of this tendency increasing with each day after application. The mites were rarely captured in acarid bait traps from immediately after fertilizers were applied to just before harvest in the treated plots, although they were captured in high densities in untreated plots. The first evidence of damage to spinach in each treated plot was recorded after 1 to 2 weeks in untreated plots. The extent of damage was much lower in the treated plots at harvest time. These results suggested that T. similis preferred organic fertilizers to a greater extent than spinach and that the use of organic fertilizers prevented the mites’ infestation on spinach. In addition, other insect pest species, such as seed-corn maggot(Delia platura(Meigen)), were absent from each treated plot.
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