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Volume 17 (1973)
- Issue 4 Pages 171-
- Issue 3 Pages 121-
- Issue 2 Pages 49-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 17, Issue 3
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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Yoshinobu ARATAKE, Tsuruo KAYAMURA1973 Volume 17 Issue 3 Pages 121-126
Published: September 25, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPathogenicity of Bombyx nuclear-polyhedrosis virus (NPV) to 25 species of lepidopterous insects were tested by peroral administration or hemocoelic inoculation. When perorally administered, the virus was pathogenic to Scopelodes contracta, Dendrolimus spectabilis, Malacosoma neustria testacea, Lymantria dispar japonica, Clostera anastomosis orientalis, Spilarctia subcarnea, Philosamia cynthia pryeri, and Dictioploca japonica; but failed to infect 11 insect species, such as Glyphodes pyloalis, Calospilos miranda, Euproctis similis, Pseudaletia separata, Spodoptera littoralis, Arcte coernlea, Spiloma niuea, Spilarctia imparilis, Theretra oldenlandiae, Pieris rapae crucivora, and Papilio helenus nicconicolens. By hemocoelic inoculation, Bombyx NPV was infectious to Chilo suppressalis, Galleria mellonella, and D. spectabilis, but not infectious to 9 species, such as Dendrolimus yamadai, Dendrolimus undans, L. dispar japonica, E. similis, C. anastomosis orientalis, spilarctia sucarnea, Acosmeryx castanea, T. oldenlandiae, and Theretra japonica. An assay showed that Bombyx NPV had retained its virulence to Bombyx mori after passage through Malacosoma neustacea testacea, or Philosamia cynthia pryeri.View full abstractDownload PDF (698K) -
Tomohiro ONO, Tetsuo SAITO1973 Volume 17 Issue 3 Pages 127-131
Published: September 25, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSMating time of the potato tuber moth, Phthorimaea operculella ZELLER, was observed under natural and laboratory conditions, and the factors affecting mating time were examined. Mating occurred in a wide range of time from midnight to sunrise under the natural conditions of temperature and light. Laboratory observations revealed that there were three periods in mating activity in relation to the time elapsed after emergence and to the light condition: (1) pre-copulatory period which lasted about 10 hours after emergence at 25°C, (2) the period from 10 to 30 hours after emergence in which mating took place only in the darkness, (3) the period of 30 hours or more after emergence in which mating took place even in light.View full abstractDownload PDF (666K) -
Yoshinobu ARATAKE, Hitoshi WATANABE1973 Volume 17 Issue 3 Pages 132-136
Published: September 25, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSymptomatological and histopathological features of a newly discovered nuclear polyhedrosis of the small blackish cochlid, Scopelodes contracta, were described. The virus was pathogenic to the fat body, hypodermis, trachea, and the muscle, but it was not pathogenic to the midgut, silkgland, and Malpighian tubes. The progression of the disease was similar to that of other nuclear polyhedrosis type. Electron micrographs revealed that each hypertrophied nucleus of infected cell contained a central chromatin mass having a micronet structure and a number of “naked” virus rods protruded from the strands of dense material of network into the spaces between the strands. Some of the mature virions were seen outside of the chromatin mass or in the minute polyhedra developing interior to the nuclear membrane. Simultaneously, development of fibril structure was seen both in the nucleus and in the cytoplasm, suggesting that the production of fibrillar masses was certainly related to the synthesis of polyhedral protein. The size of ovoid or irregular-shaped polyhedra varied from <1μ up to 5μ in diameter with the mean of 1.7±0.43μ. Virions occluded in the polyhedra were composed of single rod or 2-5 rods enclosed by a common outer membrane, and most of the virions seen were of double rod type. The size of a single rod was approximately 380nm in length and 35nm in width, while the virion of single rod with outer membrane had a size of 430nm in length and 80nm in width. A cross-infection study showed that a nuclearpolyhedrosis virus of S. contracta did not infect young-instar larvae of Bombyx mori and Arcte coerulea. However, larvae of S. contracta was susceptible to nuclear-polyhedrosis viruses of B. mori and Mamestra brassicae.View full abstractDownload PDF (3296K) -
Etsuji SUGAI, Moritoshi MIRUMACHI1973 Volume 17 Issue 3 Pages 137-140
Published: September 25, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSWhen male larvae of Bombyx mori L. were fed 25 or 50μg of apholate on the 5th day of the 5th instar and crossed, in the adult stage, with untreated females, from 44 to 87% of the resultant eggs died during embryogenesis. F1 males from the treated line were partially or completely sterile. However, the fertility of F1 females was less affected, though egg hatchability was reduced. In F2 males and females fertility and egg hatchability were normal. Cytogenetically, no abnormality was noted in spermatogonial proliferation in testes of F1 larvae, but chromosome aberrations were observed with high frequency during meiotic metaphase. Furthermore, these germ cells became functionless abnormal sperm and formed bizarre shapes with low Feulgen stainability in the pupal stage. No abnormality was indicated in spermatogenesis of F2 males. From these results, the mechanism of inherited sterility is discussed.View full abstractDownload PDF (1855K) -
Shoji ASANO, Kiyoe NAKAMURA, Yoko MATSUSHITA1973 Volume 17 Issue 3 Pages 141-146
Published: September 25, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSInsecticidal and antifeeding activities of a Bacillus thuringiensis product “Thuricide A” against the 3rd-to 6th-instar larvae of the gypsy moth, Porthetria dispar, were investigated under a laboratory condition. During the first several days following the ingestion of wild rose leaves treated with Thuricide A, the larvae showed a remarkable decreased appetite but the mortality was low. The mortality was gradually increased after 3 days until the 8th day after the ingestion of Thuricide A. The decreased appetite in feeding was observed from the 1st day, and did not recover so long as treated leaves were given successively. When treated leaves were changed with untreated ones on the 3rd day the recovery in larval appetite was observed. It could be considered that the antifeeding effect of Thuricide A is temporary. When the treated and untreated leaves were placed in the same cage and the larvae were placed on untreated leaves, almost all larvae did not move to the treated leaves. When larvae were placed on the treated leaves, however, they crawled about actively until some larvae reached untreated ones.View full abstractDownload PDF (730K) -
I. The Relation between the Damage Caused by Rice Stem Borer and the Yield of RiceJûrô KOYAMA1973 Volume 17 Issue 3 Pages 147-153
Published: September 25, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe relation between the damage caused by rice stem borer, Chilo suppressalis WALKER, was studied to minimumize the insecticide application. The experiments of 1970 and 1971 in Akita revealed that the damage caused by the second-generation rice stem borer decreased the yield and lowered the quality of rice, while the damage of the first-generation rice stem borer did not. From these results it seemed possible to dispense with the insecticide application to the first-generation rice stem borer under the condition of experimental fields, in which the proportion of injured stems was 2-3% in the first generation, and 8-18% in the second generation. It was necessary to carry out experiments under various conditions, and to find the injury level in which the insecticide had to be applied.View full abstractDownload PDF (867K) -
Hiroshi HAMA, Toshikazu IWATA1973 Volume 17 Issue 3 Pages 154-161
Published: September 25, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSeven populations of the green rice leafhopper, Nephotettix cincticeps, used in this study were collected in the fields where carbamate insecticides had become ineffective. They showed high resistance to carbamate insecticides at the same or a little less degree as the Nakagawara strain, and their resistance spectrum against carbamate insecticides were also similar to that obtained in the Nakagawara strain. Synergistic effects of piperonyl butoxide, tri-o-crecyl phosphate and triphenyl phosphate to carbamate insecticides were not remarkable in four of the resistant populations tested as in the case of a susceptible strain. Cholinesterase obtained from the seven resistant populations showed almost the same level of activity, but the enzyme from the resistant populations was much less inhibited by the carbamate insecticides than that from the susceptible strain. In the moderately resistant Ôzu population, a plateau was observed at about 70% mortality on the dosage-mortality curve. In this population a decline of sensitivity of the cholinesterase to carbamate insecticides was also detected. These results suggested that the resistance in the resistant populations used in this study was caused by lowered sensitivity of cholinesterase to the insecticides as previously shown in the Nakagawara strain. Therefore, the presence of the less sensitive cholinesterase is considered to be a general mechanism of carbamate-resistance in this insect.View full abstractDownload PDF (851K) -
Iwao YUHARA1973 Volume 17 Issue 3 Pages 162-163
Published: September 25, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (215K) -
Kenji KOYAMA1973 Volume 17 Issue 3 Pages 163-166
Published: September 25, 1973
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (354K)
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