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Volume 20 (1976)
- Issue 4 Pages 173-
- Issue 3 Pages 125-
- Issue 2 Pages 51-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 20, Issue 1
Displaying 1-9 of 9 articles from this issue
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I. Comparison of the Feeding Habits of the AdultsAtsushi NAITO1976 Volume 20 Issue 1 Pages 1-8
Published: March 25, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe feeding habits of the ten leafhopper species were compared by studing histologically the salivary sheaths or feeding tracks of the female adults remaining in the sorghum leaf and radino clover petiole tissues. From the result obtained the feeding habits of the leafhoppers were divided into two groups. The first group included Tettigella viridis L., Nephotettix cincticeps UHLER, Psammotettix striatus L., Deltocephalus sp., Thamnotettix tobai MATSUMURA, Macrosteles horvathi WAGNER, Balclutha viridis MATSUMURA, Stragania diminuta MATSUMURA, and Empoasca sp. This group was a vascular bundle (phleom or xylem) feeder. Among them, more feeding tracks of P. striatus, T. tobae, Deltocephalus sp., M. horvathi, B. viridis and Empoasca sp. were terminated in the phloem tissue than the xylem tissue. While the feeding tracks of T. viridis was abundan in the xylem tissue differing from the previous species. The second group included Erythroneura limbata MATSUMURA and Empoasca sp. (closely related to Empoasca decedens PAOLI) belonging to Cicadelidae as the mesophyll feeders. They produced small whitish spots on the leaves, but did not form the distinct salivary sheath in the plant tissues. Empoasca sp. have the habit of both vascular bundle feeder and methophyll feeder, and hence may be better included in another group. There is no change of the primary feeding habit of the leafhoppers even on the different host plants.View full abstractDownload PDF (2251K) -
Tetsuo ARAI1976 Volume 20 Issue 1 Pages 9-14
Published: March 25, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe larvae of the oriental fruit fly did not show any diel rhythmicity in the jumping behavior under continuous darkness or light at 20 and 25°C. When the larvae were reared under 12L:12D, they jumped out at around the time of light-on, under 6L:18D during the dark period, and under 18L:6D during the light period. When the larvae were transferred to continuous darkness from 12L:12D cycles at 25°C, they jumped out at about 24hr intervals, but the rhythmicity disappeared in continuous light. When they were exposed to a thermoperiod (25°C:20°C), the jumping activity was most pronounced immediately after the temperature drop. When they were kept at constant temperatures after thermoperiodic treatments, the diel jumping rhythm was maintained at 20°C, but not at 25°C. In order to respond to the light-on stimulus, they seemed to require several hours of preceding dark period. A much shorter period of high temperature was necessary to elicit them the jumping behavior in response to a temperature drop. By transferring the larvae reared in temperature cycles from darkness to light, it was found that the light-on stimulus effectively induced the jumping activity only in the low temperature period.View full abstractDownload PDF (837K) -
Masaaki YUKINARI1976 Volume 20 Issue 1 Pages 15-20
Published: March 25, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe comparative investigation on the larval parasites of two species, Adoxophyes orana FISCHER VON RÖSLERSTAMM and A. fasciata WALSINGHAM, which are so similar that they were identified with a single species for a long time, were made in 1971 and 1972 in Tokushima Pref. where both species occur sympatrically. The common parasites of the both tortricid larvae included Apanteles sp., Bracon adoxophyesi (Hym.: Braconidae), Goniozus japonicus (Hym.: Bethylidae), Campoplex homonae (Hym.: Ichneumonidae) and Pseudoperichaeta insidiosa (Dip.: Tachinidae), of which the last was rare. Rogas sp. (Hym.: Braconidae) and Gelinae sp. (Hym.: Ichneumonidae) emerged only from A. fasciata very rarely. The dominant larval parasites seemed to be Apanteles sp. on the first and second generations of the hosts and Goniozus japonicus on the third generation in Tokushima.View full abstractDownload PDF (716K) -
Naotoshi KAKIYA, Keizi KIRITANI1976 Volume 20 Issue 1 Pages 21-25
Published: March 25, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe population density of L. pseudoannulata in a paddy field was estimated by the following methods: a direct observation, an enclosing method enclosing each rice hill entirely with a net and various marking-and-recapture methods. Among the marking-and-recapture methods, the one proposed by IWAO et al. (1966) seemed to give the most valid estimate for the total number. The sampling efficiencies for the female adults of the direct observation and the enclosing method were 55% and 89% against the best estimate obtained from the IWAO et al.'s method, respectively. These sampling efficiencies seemed to be applicable to the population involved all the stages of L. pseudoannulata. The distribution of individual spiders in the paddy field was random in terms of rice hills. The population density, therefore, can be estimated at a precision of 0.2 (=Sx/x) by sampling 100-150 hills even when the mean density (x) is as low as 0.3 spiders per hill.View full abstractDownload PDF (585K) -
Shigeo MURAKOSHI, Toshiya KAMIKADO, Ching-Fun CHANG, Akira SAKURAI, Sa ...1976 Volume 20 Issue 1 Pages 26-30
Published: March 25, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSFive active components were isolated from three kinds of plant-extracts which inhibited the growth of silkworm larvae, Bombyx mori L. Growth inhibitory effects of the compounds were investigated on the larvae. 1. An active component isolated from Spilanthes acmella var. oleracea CLARKE was identified as spilanthol. When the 4th instar larvae were fed on an artificial diet containing spilanthol at a concentration of 200ppm, they showed 100% mortality in 6 days. 2. Digitalin and digitoxin were presumed to be the active principles in Digitalis purpurea LINN. Digitalin produced an atomic effect on the larval body at a dose of 100ppm, whereas digitoxin showed the same effect at a concentration of 25ppm, and 100% mortality at 100ppm in 6 days. 3. From Magnolia kobus DC. were isolated two active components, which were identified as sesamine and kobusin, a lignan hitherto unknown. Kobusin produced a growth-inhibitory effect on the 2nd instar larvae at a concentration of 400ppm, followed by 100% mortality in 5 days. The activity of sesamine was about half of that of kobushin. 4. Two active components were isolated from Justica procumbens LINN. and identified as justicidin A and B, which gave 100% and 90% mortality, respectively, on the 4th instar larvae at a dose of 20ppm in 6 days.View full abstractDownload PDF (645K) -
Katsumi HIEHATA, Yoshimi HIROSE, Hiroyuki KIMOTO1976 Volume 20 Issue 1 Pages 31-36
Published: March 25, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn laboratory experiments host age had a significant effect on the parasitism of Papilio xuthus eggs attacked by three trichogrammatid parasitoids; Trichogramma papilionis NAGARKATTI, T. dendrolimi MATSUMURA and T. australicum GIRAULT. The host-age suitable for parasitism by these three parasitoids was limited within the first one-sixth of the host incubation period which was 96 hours at 25°C: nearly 100% of the host-eggs less than 12 hours old were parasitized, but the host-eggs more than 18 hours old were hardly parasitized. Dissection of the hosts attacked by T. papilionis and T. dendrolimi and observations on their oviposition behavior indicated that the reduction of parasitism on the older hosts occurs because these parasitoids refrain from oviposition after inserting their ovipositors into the hosts.View full abstractDownload PDF (825K) -
The Formation of Chlorophyllide-aKeizo HAYASHIYA, Jun NISHIDA, Yuko UCHIDA1976 Volume 20 Issue 1 Pages 37-43
Published: March 25, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe red fluorescent protein (RFP) was produced in vitro from three components; a protein from the mid-gut of the larvae, chlorophyll-a, and a basic protein from the chloroplast of green leaves. There were two reactions on the process. The 1st reaction was the conversion of chlorophyll-a into the pigment part of the RFP by the basic protein. It was proved that the converted pigment was chlorophyllide-a, and therefore, the basic protein was chlorophyllase. The conversion of chlorophyll-a to chlorophyllide-a proceeded under the same alkaline state as that of the digestive juice of the larvae. The 2nd reaction was combining of chlorophyllide-a, with the protein from the mid-gut of the larvae. The reaction was rapidly brought about at the same pH as that of the mid-gut tissue. Small energy might be required for the conversion of thus combined protein to the red fluorescent protein.View full abstractDownload PDF (1223K) -
Studies on the granulosis of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella. V.Tetsu ASAYAMA1976 Volume 20 Issue 1 Pages 44-46
Published: March 25, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (2481K) -
Mitsuo OYAMA1976 Volume 20 Issue 1 Pages 46-47
Published: March 25, 1976
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (895K)
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