Japanese Journal of Applied Entomology and Zoology
Online ISSN : 1347-6068
Print ISSN : 0021-4914
ISSN-L : 0021-4914
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Volume 54, Issue 1
Displaying 1-13 of 13 articles from this issue
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Regular Papers
  • Effectiveness of Predatory Mites, Neoseiulus womersleyi (Schicha) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) Proliferated on Natural Enemy Preservation Plants in Suppressing the Population Density of Kanzawa Spider Mite, Tetranychus kanzawai Kishida (Acari: Tetranychidae) on Tea
    Yasuhiro Todokoro, Kouji Isobe
    Article type: Original Article
    2010 Volume 54 Issue 1 Pages 1-12
    Published: February 25, 2010
    Released on J-STAGE: March 24, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1303/jjaez.2010.1
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    We investigated the control of Kanzawa spider mite, Tetranychus kanzawai Kishida on tea by utilizing “natural enemy preservation plants”. The plants were used as hosts for the growth of the predatory mite Neoseiulus womersleyi (Schicha). First, we screened for plants on which N. womersleyi would proliferate, using Tetranychus urticae Koch as the non-pest prey, and identified Tithonia rotundifolia as a candidate natural enemy preservation plant. Next, we tested the effectiveness of T. rotundifolia for supporting a population of N. womersleyi and thus suppressing the population density of T. kanzawai on tea. When T. urticae were released onto T. rotundifolia growing at the edge of a tea field, the population density of N. womersleyi increased and the dispersal of N. womersleyi towards the middle of the tea field was observed. In addition, the density of T. kanzawai in the test plot was lower than in the control plot. These results suggest that N. womersleyi proliferated on natural enemy preservation plants suppressed the population density of T. kanzawai and that T. rotundifolia is effective as a natural enemy preservation plant.
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  • Pesticide Susceptibility of Q-biotype Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae)
    Susumu Tokumaru, Yoshikimi Hayashida
    Article type: Original Article
    2010 Volume 54 Issue 1 Pages 13-21
    Published: February 25, 2010
    Released on J-STAGE: March 24, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1303/jjaez.2010.13
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The pesticide susceptibility of Q-biotype Bemisia tabaci on cabbage leaves was evaluated at 25%deg;C under a 15L9D photoperiod. Susceptibility to the tested pesticides varied among the developmental stages of the whitefly. Among the 42 pesticides tested on third stadium larvae using the leaf dipping method, fenpyroximate and buprofezin, fenpyroximate, milbemectin, pyridaben, lepimectin, spinetoram, and spinosad were more toxic. LC50 values of milbemectin, pyridaben, lepimectin, spinetoram, and spinosad were 0.98, 1.59, 0.08, 0.04, and 0.91 ppm, respectively. Among the 40 pesticides tested on adult whiteflies using the leaf dipping method, pirimiphosmethyl, thiocyclam, pyridaben, and spinetoram caused high mortality. The application of cartap, thiocyclam, dinotefuran, nitenpyram, pyrifluquinazon, and spinetoram reduced the number of eggs oviposited by female adults of the whitefly on the leaves. Only pyridaben significantly affected the egg mortality of the whitefly.
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  • Physical Control of the White Grub Dasylepida ishigakiensis (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), a Major Pest of Sugarcane, by Rotary Tillage in the Sugarcane Field on Miyako Island, Okinawa
    Keisuke Kijima, Kazuhiko Tarora
    Article type: Original Article
    2010 Volume 54 Issue 1 Pages 23-27
    Published: February 25, 2010
    Released on J-STAGE: March 24, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1303/jjaez.2010.23
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    White grub Dasylepida ishigakiensis (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) is an important pest that infests the roots and underground stems of sugarcane. Thus, the establishment of an effective control method for this pest is urgently required. Changes in the vertical distribution of third stadium larvae of D. ishigakiensis in the soil were surveyed in a post-harvest sugarcane field on Miyako Island, Okinawa, in 2005. Although 73.8% of third stadium larvae were captured within 30 cm soil depth on March 17, the rate decreased to 38.1% on April 5 and to 25.0% on April 17, suggesting that most larvae move to deeper soil from the end of March to mid-April. The possibility of physical control by rotary tillage while the larvae are in shallow soil (0 to 30 cm) was examined in another field on March 16, 2005, with three treatments: 1) control, 2) tilling once and 3) tilling twice. The number of living larvae per sugarcane stool with tilling once or twice was much lower than in the control. Furthermore, the difference between the control and tilling twice six days after treatment was significant. These results indicate that tilling sugarcane fields by mid-March after the harvest can effectively control D. ishigakiensis larvae.
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  • Pathogenicity of an Entomopathogenic Fungus, Beauveria bassiana, to Eysarcoris lewisi (Distant) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)
    Masuhiro Ishimoto, Atsushi Nagase
    Article type: Original Article
    2010 Volume 54 Issue 1 Pages 29-36
    Published: February 25, 2010
    Released on J-STAGE: March 24, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1303/jjaez.2010.29
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    Eysarcoris lewisi is a plant bug that causes pecky rice. The virulence of 11 isolates of an entomopathogenic fungus, Beauveria bassiana, was compared by bioassays on adults, and four isolates showing high virulence were selected. The virulence of these four isolates was further compared by bioassays on adults and 4th instar nymphs, and isolate Nb-60, which showed high virulence against both stages, was selected. The virulence of this isolate to 2nd, 3rd and 5th instar nymphs was also examined by bioassays. LC50 values of this isolate against adults, and 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th instar nymphs were estimated to be 5.4×106, 7.1×105, 2.0×107, 1.3×107, and 4.7×106 conidia/ml, respectively. There were significant differences in the virulence of this isolate among nymphal instars, and it was suggested that these differences were related to days from inoculation to first ecdysis. Judging from these results and the ecological characteristics of E. lewisi around paddies, B. bassiana would be a good candidate for use as a microbial control agent against this bug.
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  • Effect of Injury by Adult Megacopta punctatissima (Montandon) (Hemiptera: Plataspidae) on the Growth of Soybean during the Vegetative Stage of Growth
    Atsushi Kikuchi, Hideharu Kobayashi
    Article type: Original Article
    2010 Volume 54 Issue 1 Pages 37-43
    Published: February 25, 2010
    Released on J-STAGE: March 24, 2010
    DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1303/jjaez.2010.37
    JOURNAL FREE ACCESS
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    The effect of injury by adult Megacopta punctatissima on the growth of soybean during the vegetative stage was examined by releasing adults among potted soybean plants. The growth of the main stem was suppressed at a higher density of release. The numbers of nodes and trifoliolates on the main stem also decreased at a higher density of release. The earlier the stage of soybean growth at the time of release, the lower the values of growth indices of the soybean, such as the length or number of leaves on the main stem. The growth indices of soybean, such as the stem length, the number of nodes on the main stem or trifoliolates decreased during a longer release period. Flowering became later, as the start of release became earlier, or the release period became longer. Under the condition showing the greatest influence, that is, release of adults over 30 days starting during stage V3, the length of the main stem decreased significantly at a density of 40 or more adults.
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