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Volume 21 (1977)
- Issue 4 Pages 179-
- Issue 3 Pages 119-
- Issue 2 Pages 59-
- Issue 1 Pages 1-
Volume 21, Issue 2
Displaying 1-12 of 12 articles from this issue
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Yoshio MIYAHARA, Mitsuaki SHIMAZU, Takashi WADA1977 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages 59-65
Published: June 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSSeasonal occurrence of Spodoptera litura (F.) was studied with a virgin female trap in Chikugo from 1972 to 1975. Catches in a water trap baited with 10 1-day-old females were counted daily from mid-March to mid-December, and the number of egg masses laid on taro plants in the field was counted twice weekly from June to November. Spring emergence started between late March and early April and flight activity lasted until mid-December, during which five generations were detected and the number of captured moths increased as the season progressed. The virgin female trap caught 81 times more male moths than did a light trap equipped with a 20-watt fluorescent chemical lamp (BLB) and the seasonal incidence of moth capture differed considerably between the two traps: namely, in the virgin female trap four peaks were detected during June to October, whereas no similar trend was obtained in the light trap. The virgin female trap seemed to be more effective in the early season when field populations were low. Egg masses were found on taro plants from July to early November. During this period the largest ovipositional peak, that of laying by the third generation moths, was usually found between late August and early September. In the third generation, the date of 50% oviposition was 4 to 10 days earlier than that of 50% moth capture by the virgin female trap. The number of egg masses laid on taro plants by the fourth-generation moths in October was generally low in comparison with the number of catches by the virgin female trap, owing to the decline of air temperature.View full abstractDownload PDF (882K) -
Yasuyuki SAKURATANI1977 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages 66-73
Published: June 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPopulation dynamics of three species of aphids, (Rhopalosiphum padi, R. maidis and Macrosiphum akebiae), was observed in the unsprayed corn fields for three years. Any actual injuries on plants by pest insects had not been observed over fifteen years in this field. The density of aphids on a plant was very low in each year of observation. Even at the peak of population fluctuation, the mean number per plant was below ten individuals. The population of aphids declined from mid June and became very scarce or disappeared in early July in each year. The autumn population was also at a very low density. The spatial distribution of alatae was random or uniform whenever the size of sampling unit was taken as plot (20 plants), plant, and leaf. The distribution of apterae and larvae was highly contagious regardless of the difference in the size of sampling unit. On a plant the aphid of each species generally inhabited on the leaves grown at low portion. The habitat segregation among the three species of aphids in a plant was not recognized. It seems that such a distribution pattern is diagnostic character of low density population of aphids.View full abstractDownload PDF (1213K) -
Yasuhiro ITO1977 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages 74-78
Published: June 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSChanges of the population density and stage compositions in manure-inhabiting mite populations were investigated on different feeding programs with a restricted food supply. The mites were reared in separate containers having a semi-artificial manure, and were supplied with nematodes as prey either every 5 days or once at the beginning of the experiment. As a control, the mites were reared in the same medium without nematodes. Reproduction of M. muscaedomesticae occurred when the female adults were supplied with the prey, and the density reached a maximum within a short period of rearing. In the stage composition of the population, the proportion of female adults tended to increase as the rearing period proceeded. In the P. gregarius population, molting of the deutonymphs to adults and oviposition by the adults occurred when the mites were supplied with the prey, and the deutonymphs of the second generation occupied most of the population. Reproduction of U. marginata occurred in these media irrespective of prey supply, but the density was higher with addition of nematodes than without. The proportion of deutonymphal and/or protonymphal stages in the population differed according to the frequency of feeding.View full abstractDownload PDF (683K) -
Masaharu MATSUI, Susumu MAEDA, Hitoshi WATANABE1977 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages 79-84
Published: June 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSIn order to investigate some properties of a small flacherie virus (SFV) of the silkworm, Bombyx mori L., the virus was isolated and purified from a mixed virus suspension of SFV and a flacherie virus (FV). A light radioautographic studies of larval midgut infected with SFV revealed that DNA synthesis occurred predominantly in the infected nucleus of columnar cell during the SFV multiplication, whereas no essential difference in the pattern of RNA synthesis was demonstrated between healthy and diseased midguts. By means of polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis a comparison of polypeptides of structural viral proteins was made. The result indicated that SFV protein was composed of two polypeptides with molecular weight of about 49, 200 and 73, 500, while FV protein consisted of one polypeptide with molecular weight of about 35, 000. Immunoelectrophoretic studies of SFV, FV and a small flacherie virus strain (Ina strain) revealed that SFV was serologically different from FV, but was all the same to Ina strain.View full abstractDownload PDF (3078K) -
I. On Sensitive Period to High Temperature for Induction of Male SterilitySadaya KATSUNO1977 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages 85-89
Published: June 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe male pupae at the vairous stages were treated for 24, 48 and 72 hours with high temperature (38°C). The mortality of pupae was low in the experimental groups to which high temperature was appiled for 24 hours. Most of the male adults which emerged from the pupae treated for 24 hours mated normally with the untreated females and the percentage of unfertilized eggs was generally low, except for those treated at 144 hours after pupation, in which the percentage was 94.2. When the pupae were treated for 48 hours, the marked effect was revealed in the group treated at 144 hours after pupation. The mortality of pupae was 39.6 and 75.9 percent of the emerged male adults was non-mating. When the adult males treated in the pupal period mated with normal females, unfertilized eggs was obtained in the groups treated at 48 hours and at 144 hours, 93.9 and 92.0, repectively. In the pupae treated for 72 hours the remarkable effect was seen in every experimental group. It became evident that the pupae in the period from 48 to 96 hours and from 144 to 192 hours after pupation were quite sensitive to high temperature, especially in the latter.View full abstractDownload PDF (588K) -
I. Critical Period of the Brain Hormone Secretion for MetamorphosisShigemi YAGI, Takashi HONDA1977 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages 90-93
Published: June 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSThe critical period of the brain hormone (prothoracicotropic hormone) secretion for pupation was about 2 days before pupation in larvae destined for both nondiapause and diapause. Some day 4 larvae destined for nondiapause ecdysed to pupae even after neck ligation. The critical period of the brain hormone secretion for adult development varied in nondiapause pupae, while it became very uniform on chilling in diapause pupae. When a brain from a last-instar larva destined for nondiapause was implanted into a larva of the same stage destined for diapause, diapause was prevented after pupation.View full abstractDownload PDF (498K) -
Masahiko KUWAHARA1977 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages 94-102
Published: June 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSPopulations of T. kanzawai were selected and reversely selected with ESP [0, 0-Dimethyl S-(1-methyl-2-ethylsulfinyl) ethyl phosphorothiolate] at LC50 level for 20 generations. ESP-selected strain became cross-resistant to organophosphates but not to carbamates. The use of organophosphorus carboxylesters such as malathion and Papthion with carbamates or synthetic synergists showed synergism on ESP-selected and ESP-reversely-selected strains. Mixtures of malathion or Papthion with acaricidal carbamates, such as PHC or MIPC, showed a remarkably synergistic action. On the contrary, mixtures with no acaricidal carbamates, such as BPMC or MPMC, showed little synergistic action. Combinations of organophosphate and carbamate showed the highest degree of synergism when they were mixed at the same dosages. K-1, one of the saligenin cyclic phosphorus esters, showed remarkably high synergism with malathion. This suggests a difference between mite and insect in substrate affinity. However, K-1 showed little synergism with Papthion. This suggests that K-1 may be a selective carboxylesterase inhibitor in T. kanzawai.View full abstractDownload PDF (1227K) -
Mitsuo OYAMA1977 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages 103-105
Published: June 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (296K) -
Yoshio TAMAKI, Takeshi YUSHIMA, Michihiro ODA, Kazuo KIDA, Kenji KITAM ...1977 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages 106-107
Published: June 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (263K) -
Masaaki YUKINARI1977 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages 108-110
Published: June 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESS -
Hiroo KANNO, Mujo KIM, Shoziro ISHII1977 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages 110-112
Published: June 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (356K) -
Yosiaki ITÔ1977 Volume 21 Issue 2 Pages 112-113
Published: June 25, 1977
Released on J-STAGE: February 12, 2009
JOURNAL FREE ACCESSDownload PDF (181K)
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