巻号一覧
36 巻, 2 号
選択された号の論文の9件中1～9を表示しています
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林 和夫1981 年 36 巻 2 号 p. 495-505
発行日: 1981/06/30
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリーThe effects of harman (l-methyl-9H-pyrido[3, 4-b]indole) and norharman (9H-pyrido[3, 4-b]indole) on the metabolism and mutagenicity of aniline and p-dimethylaminoazobenzene and on the metabolic enzymes in the liver microsomes of rats were investigated in vitro. The following results were obtained.
1) The metabolism of aniline to p-aminophenol was greatly inhibited when harman or norharman was added to liver microsomes. The effects of norharman were greater than those of harman.
2) p-Dimethylaminoazobenzene metabolized to aniline without accumulations of p-methylaminoazobenzene and p-aminoazobenzene when neither harman nor norharman was added to microsomes.
3) The metabolism of p-dimethylaminoazobenzene to aniline was slightly inhibited, and there were accumulations of p-dimethylaminoazobenzene, p-methylaminoazobenzene and p-aminoazobenzene, when norharman was added to microsomes.
4) The mutagenic activities of o-, m-, p-aminophenol and nitrosobenzene, the metabolites of aniline, were tested for Salmonella typhimurium TA98. It was found that nitrosobenzene was mutagenic only when norharman was added with S-9 Mix to the incubation mixture.
5) The mutagenic activities of p-dimethylaminoazobenzene, p-phenylenediamine, p-aminophenol and aniline, the metabolites of p-dimethylaminoazobenzene, were tested for Salmonella typhimurium TA98. It was found that p-methylaminoazobenzene, p-aminoazobenzene and aniline were mutagenic only when norharman was added with S-9 Mix to the mixture.
6) The levels of inhibition by harman and norharman on the enzymatic activity of aniline hydroxylase were high, but on those of aminopyrine demethylase were low. Norharman inhibited the enzymatic activity of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase, but harman did not.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1418K) -
鈴木 平光, 和田 攻, 小野 哲, 山本 昭子, 小野 弘子, 松井 寿夫1981 年 36 巻 2 号 p. 506-511
発行日: 1981/06/30
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリーIt is generally accepted that excessive amounts of manganese absorbed into the body are excreted into the bile via the liver. However, intracellular manganese metabolism in the liver is a process which is quite unknown. The process of intracellular manganese metabolism in the liver and the process of the excretion of manganese into the bile appear to be important problems to clarify.
Male mice of the dd-strain were injected intraperitoneally with a single dose of 200μmol Mn (OAc)2⋅4H2O/kg. In order to clarify the intracellular distribution of manganese in the liver, the homogenate was subfractionated by differential and sucrose density gradient centrifugations, and manganese concentrations were determined by flameless atomic absorption spectroscopy. Furthermore, the nature and chemical form of manganese in the liver and bile were investigated.
The results were as follows:
1) Manganese in the liver was found to be mainly incorporated into the mitochondrial fraction, especially the mitochondria and lysosomes. Manganese concentrations were more varied in the lysosomes than in the mitochondria.
2) Manganese incorporated into the mitochondrial fraction was easily released into the suspension medium by incubation at 37°C, osmotic shock or freeze-thawing. Most of the released manganese coincided with inorganic manganese on Sephadex G-10 and ion-exchange chromatograms. Furthermore, the manganese in the bile was also of an inorganic form.
The results seem to suggest that in the liver, excessive amounts of absorbed manganese are incorporated mainly into the lysosomes and excreted in an inorganic form into the bile.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (668K) -
(第5報) 腎機能能川 浩二, 小林 悦子, 本多 隆文, 石崎 有信, 河野 俊一, 大村 利志隆, 中川 秀昭, 栂 博久, 松田 晴夫1981 年 36 巻 2 号 p. 512-517
発行日: 1981/06/30
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリーThe renal functions of all inhabitants in a cadmium-polluted village who were over age 40 and of a control group were examined. Creatinine clearance, percentage renal phosphorus reabsorption and arterial blood gas were used as tests.
Creatinine clearance and %TRP levels fell significantly in the cadmium-exposed inhabitants. At the early stages of renal dysfunction, the drop in creatinine clearance was much greater than that of either %TRP or base excess.
It was concluded that environmental cadmium pollution can induce renal dysfunction and that creatinine clearance is a fairly sensitive indicator of renal dysfunction caused by exposure to cadmium.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (574K) -
佐藤 雄一郎, 佐々木 胤則, 谷口 直之, 斎藤 和雄1981 年 36 巻 2 号 p. 518-525
発行日: 1981/06/30
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリーNormal enzymic activity levels of erythrocyte pyrimidine 5'-nucleotidase were measured in 209 healthy adults. To determine its value as a biological index of the exposure to low level concentrations of lead, the dose-activity relationship between the lead concentration in the blood and the activity level of this enzyme was investigated with various substrate concentrations of CMP and the effects of other metal on pyrimidine 5'-nucleotidase in the subjects with the various concentration of lead in blood. Two hundred and nine healthy adults, 109 male and 100 female subjects, 7 lead refinery workers and 3 clerks in a battery dissolution factory were used as subjects. The mean and standard deviation of pyrimidine 5'-nucleotidase activity levels for the subjects were found to be 13.9±3.2 (μmoles Pi/gHb, hr). No significant difference was observed for sex or age, but regional differences were significant. A remarkably high negative correlation between logarithmic values of pyrimidine 5'-nucleotidase activity and lead concentrations in the blood was observed. For the addition test in vitro, a 10-4M lead solution decreased the pyrimidine 5'-nucleotidase activity level markedly, but effects of zinc on this enzyme were not observed.
The above results suggest that erythrocyte pyrimidine 5'-nucleotidase may be an index of subclinical lead exposure.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1134K) -
山本 和子1981 年 36 巻 2 号 p. 526-532
発行日: 1981/06/30
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリー病名数は, 受診患者数の増加にともない, はじめは急速に増加していっても, いずれは特定の上限値に漸近すると予想される。この患者数と病名数の関係を数式で示し得るならば, 診療科あるいは医療施設の特徴を数的に表現することができるばかりでなく, 患者数から病名数の上限値を予測することができるので, コンピュータによる病歴データベースシステムの設計に際して有用である。また, 医師の診療経験を, 扱った患者数で評価することの意義が明らかになり, 医師の養成に必要とする患者数を研修機関ごとに推算することにも役立つなど, 医療施設評価, 病歴管理, 医学教育等の面において有益である。
そこで, 病名数と患者数の関係を数式化することを目的とし, 大阪医科大学附属病院を昭和54年1月1日から昭和55年5月末日までに退院した患者6,682名 (疾患延件数11,390件, 病名数2,539) を資料として, 病名数と患者数との関係を調べた結果, 患者数 (x) にともなう病名数 (y) の理論的分布は
y=3567{l-e-0.0001767(x+372)}となることがわかった。
これより, 当病院の累積病名数の上限値は3,567と推定した。
また, 診療科それぞれの数式は異なり, 病名数の上限値も異なることを明らかにした。抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (714K) -
中館 俊夫, 外山 敏夫, 角田 透, 東 敏昭, 富田 豊1981 年 36 巻 2 号 p. 533-540
発行日: 1981/06/30
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリーTwo pulmonary function tests-whole body plethysmography and the forced oscillation method-were used to determine the degree of constriction of human airway passages induced by irritant aerosols. Cigarette smoke particles were employed as an irritant. Nine healthy male smokers were asked to inhale cigarette smoke deeply 15 times over a 5-minute period. Pulmonary functions-airway resistance (Raw), specific airway conductance (s-Gaw) and, magnitude of respiratory impedance (|Z|) and respiratory resistance (Rrs)-were measured before and after smoking both by plethysmography and by the oscillation method.
After smoking, the values of Raw and s-Gaw changed significantly (p<0.05), indicating that constriction of airway passages had occurred, and a significant increase in the values of |Z| and Rrs were also observed.
The data indicate that the forced oscillation method was as sensitive as whole body plethysmography in detecting changes in the airway caliber by smoking. The frequency dependence of the values of Rrs suggests that for several subjects, cigarette smoking may cause acute effects in the small peripheral airway as well.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1161K) -
重田 定義, 相川 浩幸, 三澤 哲夫, 横山 真理子1981 年 36 巻 2 号 p. 541-549
発行日: 1981/06/30
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリーThe effects of learning schedules on operant behavior in rats exposed to toluene were studied. The animals, 7 weeks of age, were divided into four groups and each group was trained on a different schedule. Continuous reinforcement (CRF), fixed-interval (FI), Sidman avoidance (SA) and negative fixed-interval (N-FI) schedules were used. Animals established the behavioral base line were exposed to 250, 500 and 750ppm of toluene and air for 4hr. The lever press behavior of the animals on each schedule after toluene exposure was compared with the behavior of those on each schedule after exposure to air alone.
The results are as follows: 1. CRF and SA schedules are easily learned and no significant difference is seen between the responses of subjects to air and toluene. 2. The FT schedule is that most strongly affected by toluene. The effects were dose dependent with increased lever presses and decreased acquisition rate during the initial stages of the test. 3. The N-FI schedule is slightly affected by toluene. A small decrease in avoidance rate is seen, but no change occurred in lever presses after toluene exposure.
The results suggest the importance of schedule selection when using operant behavioral techniques if one is to accurately evaluate the effects of toluene.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1159K) -
局 博一, 鈴木 明, 市瀬 孝道, 嵯峨 井勝, 織田 肇, 久保田 憲太郎1981 年 36 巻 2 号 p. 550-559
発行日: 1981/06/30
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリーNO2が心機能に及ぼす影響を調べる目的で, ラットに10ppm, 20ppmおよび40ppmのNO2を3時間暴露し, 心電図記録を行った。結果を以下に述べる。
1) 10ppmでは暴露中, 心拍数の著変がみられなかった。20ppmおよび40ppmでは暴露開始後約1時間以内に心拍数は著明に減少し始め, 暴露前のレベルの30∼60%にまで低下した。
2) 10dpmでは異常心電図が出現しなかったが, 20ppm以上の暴露では, 心拍減数の少とともに房室ブロックや期外収縮などの不整脈, P波の異常などの心電図所見が得られた。とくに徐脈と房室ブロックは必ず観察された。また20ppm以上の暴露で, P-P間隔, P-Q間隔, QRS持続時間が明瞭に延長した。
3) 暴露中に硫酸アトロピンを投与すると, 房室ブロックなどの異常心電図は消失した。またP-P間隔, P-Q間隔およびQRS持続時間は硫酸アトロピンの投与によって, 著明に短縮した。
4) 3)の成績から20ppm以上の暴露で生じる心機能異常には, 主に迷走神経が関与していることが示唆された。
5) NO2の急性毒性の一つとして, 心臓機能に明瞭な影響のあることを考慮すべきであると思われた。抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (1166K) -
第4報 消毒薬分解細菌の検索, 同定狭山 信矩1981 年 36 巻 2 号 p. 560-565
発行日: 1981/06/30
公開日: 2009/02/17
ジャーナル フリーIn previous papers, the author has described treatment methods for cresol, phenol, formalin, benzalkonium chloride and chlorhexidine using a laboratory-scale submerged fixedfilm reactor and the prototype of a trickling-tower plant. In the present paper, the author has identified and described those bacteria which degrade the disinfectants in the apparatus.
The diversity of bacteria species which could be isolated from the treatment liquor declined over time as the bacteria became acclimated to the disinfectants. Ultimately, three large quantities of different rod species were found in the apparatus after the treatment of cresol, two species after that of phenol and one after those of formalin, benzalkonium chloride and chlorhexidine. They were gram negative aerobes and all bacilli belonged to the Pseudomonas group. Pseudomonas aeruginosa could be isolated from the apparatus after treatment of each of the disinfectants. Other isolates (two species after treatment of cresol and one after phenol) could not be identified as far as the species level.抄録全体を表示PDF形式でダウンロード (557K)
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