The purpose of this study was to clarify the characters of the actions of daily life of the pregnant women who have the habit of smoking. The approach was pursued by the interview, through questioner, with the women who had given birth to the low birth weight infants.
As compared with the women who do not smoke, the characters of the pregnant women with the habit of smoking were as follows.
1. They had less happiness about their pregnancy, and they showed a high rate of abortion.
2. In respect of their diets, many of them did not have breakfast, and/or took unbalanced diets.
3. They had fewer baby boys, and short period of gestational age.
From these characters, it can be deduced that the effects of smoking during pregnancy on the fetus are related with the problems in the actions of daily life. In the light of this point, the health guidance should be provided for an examination of the actions of daily life as well as for a prohibition of smoking.

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In an attempt to determine the least taxing method of defecation on the cardiovascular systems, comparison of the effects of two methods defecation using the toilet and bedpan in supine on the urinary catecholamine excretion was made with 10 normal volunteers.
Urinary catecholamines were measured by spectrofluorometric assay using trihydroxyindole method.
Results obtained were as follows.
1) The mean levels of urinary catecholamines after using the toilet were significantly higher than those after using the bedpan.
2) The increment rate of urinary adrenaline from resting level was higher than those of urinary noradrenaline in both methods.
3) These results suggest that patients with myocardial infraction in acute stages should not use the toilet for defecation.

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We examined the change of large (over 4,000g) and normal weight babies temperature during 4 days after the birth.
Large weight babies temperature are difficult to affect the circumstances, bath and keeping warms, comparing to the normal ones. Especially, 3rd day's babies temperature is lower degree in the check with the internal body temperature, but is higher with the external ones through 0 - 3 days after the birth.
From these reason, we suspect that large babies can less react to stimulus and more forth down their heat radiation than the normal babies.

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This study is concerned with developing the self-care of the aged. We made a survey of the actual conditions of the self-care of 82 old people who were present at an open school for the aged, and 106 patients who attended a hospital, in Tokushima city.
The results are as follows;
1. The attendants at an open school for aged are more positive than the patients in spending their leisure time.
2. The attendants at an open school for aged show more interests in the information about their health care and take more care of themselves every day than the patients.
3. But, more patients take physical examination than the attendants at an open school for aged.
4. More attendants at an open school for aged feel themselves in good health than the patients.

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We examined the influences on the infant in patients with the evaluation of the adaptabilities in social life in and out hospital, and an opinionaire about their daily life.
Girls can more self-support in their personal life than boys, and infants above the 14 days in the hospital fall behind the adaptabilities in social life after the leaving hospital, comparing to them under the 14 days in the hospital.
Considering the many factors of the infant's surroundings in hospital, we try that make their good circumstances and lead to step up their body and mental development.

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In order to clarify the relative metabolic rate (R.M.R.) of the nursing work, oxygen consumption and heart rate during the 28 different nursing works were measured as to four healthy students, aged 19 to 20 years.
The results obtained are as follows;
1) The average of mean heart rate during the each nursing work ranged from 79.6 to 117.8 beats/min. The level of heart rate varied according to the motion of the region used in main movement during works.
2) The average of oxygen intake during the each nursing work ranged from 0.251 to 1.244 l/min. the average of calculated R.M.R. ranged from 0.43 to 2.94. R.M.R. was classified according to the motion of the region used in main movement. R.M.R. of the motion of fingers (swab making) was under 0.5, the motion of hands and forearms (preparation of medication, application of ice pillow, sterilization technique et al.) ranged from 0.6 to 1.0, the motion of hands and arms (mouth care, bathing, shampoo et al.) ranged from 1.1 to 1.5, the motion of arms and upper body in anteflexion (shaving, back care, foot bath et al.) ranged from 1.6 to 2.0 and the motion of whole body (bed bath, bed making, change of position et al.) ranged from 2.1 to 3.0.
3) The correlation between R.M.R. and mean heart rate during the nursing works was statistically significant at 1% level. It is suggested that the intensity of work can be estimated from mean heart rate during nursing work.

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