Huge revitalization grants for brighter future local areas in Japan were distributed twice for local governments in the last 30 years of Heisei period. One is Furusato revitalization which was made by Takeshita cabinet in 1988 and the other is Regional revitalization which was made by 2nd Abe cabinet in 2015. Since these grants cost over 300 billion-yen, local governments are either adversely or positively affected by them. Japanese society and economy have changed greatly in the last 30 years. Furthermore, local governments could shift centralization to decentralization. How has grants transformed in the last 30 years under the influence of such big change? This study quantitatively examines this transformation through regional science analytics such as logistic regression analysis and qualitative analyses such as text mining.

Early childhood education and care centers use various places in their cities, and have various aims for each location. To contact with nature is the aim most ECEC centers have regardless of the population of the city a center belongs to. Rice field, primary school, shrine, and woods are also often used by many centers, not only park is. However among divisions of the city population, differences are apparent in the places chosen by the centers in their city environments and their aims for each location. The ECEC centers use the places where they have much and that are characteristic of their city or the places that are accessible for the centers. Moreover, the different aims that the centers have of their city environment are affected by factors other than the physical environment of the place. The problems are also different between large-population and small-population cities. The problems of ECEC centers in large-population cities concern the residents, whereas centers in small-population cities are concerned with the city structure, such as the distance to their destination.

Early childhood education and care centers use various places in their cities, and have various aims for each location. To contact with nature is the aim most ECEC centers have regardless of the population of the city a center belongs to. Rice field, primary school, shrine, and woods are also often used by many centers, not only park is. However among divisions of the city population, differences are apparent in the places chosen by the centers in their city environments and their aims for each location. The ECEC centers use the places where they have much and that are characteristic of their city or the places that are accessible for the centers. Moreover, the different aims that the centers have of their city environment are affected by factors other than the physical environment of the place. The problems are also different between large-population and small-population cities. The problems of ECEC centers in large-population cities concern the residents, whereas centers in small-population cities are concerned with the city structure, such as the distance to their destination.

The purpose of this study is to examine what kind of urban environment can encourage elderly people to go out of their houses. In this study, we held an objective survey, a questionnaire and an interview survey in Koganehara, a planned residential area in Matsudo City. It was found that there are two aspects that discourage people from going out, i.e., the presence of obstacles and the lack of incentives. In Koganehara area, the former are steep slopes and inconvenience of public transportation, and the latter is a lack of places where anyone can visit. Also, it was indicated that elderly people who have health anxiety tend to place more importance on getting rid of obstacles than creating incentives.

We constructed a sidewalk under the outdoor for the walking test for blind people to verify the function of preventing jumping out onto the road. Test sidewalks consists of wooden pavement and asphalt pavement. The purpose of this study is to verify that function of wooden pavement by comparing the walking behavior on two type pavements. In the walking test on the asphalt pavement, blind people jumped out onto the road, but no blind people jumped out onto the road on the wooden pavement. When blind people approached the border between sidewalk and road, they stepped on boundary block in the case of the walking test on asphalt pavement. On the other hand, they did not approach boundary block in the case of the walking test on wooden pavement. As a result, we have demonstrated the effectiveness of the function of preventing jumping out onto the roadway in wooden pavement.

The aim of this study was to quantitatively evaluate the longitudinal change of visited places by senior citizens and analyze the relationship between the change of visited places and step counts. Panel surveys in 2016 and 2018 were carried in which step counts and travel behavior data were collected. Frequency of stay in city center, commerce area and park were calculated from gathered data. The within-person effect of the frequency of stay on step counts per day was estimated by hybrid modeling. As a result, this research showed the effects of changes of frequency of stay in commerce area and park by walk and changes of frequency of stay in city center by cycling or public transportation on step counts.

The purpose of this study is to clarify the policy trends in public parks in Berlin after the reunification, using the Park am Gleisdreieck as a case study. A comprehensive literature review, field research and interview surveys revealed the following three points: 1) In Berlin, the quantitative and qualitative enhancement of the public park was planned and implemented in stages. 2) In the Park am Gleisdreieck, continuous public participation and public sector collaboration have led to the environmental protection and multiple uses for diverse generations. 3) Even if it can be understood that the public sector is proactively involved in the development and management of public parks in Berlin, the context and idea is still unclear.

In recent times, local cities in Japan are facing problems such as reduced convenience of public transportation and hollowing out of the city centers. Under these circumstances, the compact plus network design is attracting attention as a way to create sustainable cities. In this study, we quantify vibrancy based on field surveys in 36 cities and analyze the factors of vitalization by dividing population size of cities. The results of the analysis clearly show that there is almost no correlation between vehicle density and vibrancy, and that the vibrancy is strongly influenced by population in public transport reachable areas, but less affected by population in vehicle reachable areas.

In this study, focusing four disasters such as tsunami, earthquake, flood, landslide, we estimated current and future population exposure to each disaster. Moreover, we also estimated population exposure in two population migration scenarios, one with more concentrated population to the three major metropolitan areas and one with more dispersed population to local areas. As a result, we showed that the disaster risk for all four disasters cannot be reduced when the population is concentrated to the three major metropolitan areas, even if after considering the damage level of the destination of population migration. On the other hand, we also showed that the disaster risk for all four disasters can be reduced when population is dispersed to local areas.

This paper focuses on the policies and implementation methods applied to the emerging issue on increasing vacant houses in each of 23 Wards of Tokyo, and it is approaching on the active treatments for vitalizing the reuse of vacant houses with public-private partnership, following the categorization of the implementation methods into two types; passive and active. Based on the investigation on the implementation methods by each of 23 Wards, this paper particularly focuses on the leading local governments, such as Toshima, Adachi, and Ota Wards, which have been progressively practicing their own active methods. As results, it characterizes each of the organization systems conducted by these governments as leading models, and clarifies the requirements for the active reuse of vacant houses from the views of target area, process, and method.

This paper analyses the response to the problems of the Asano Cement Fukagawa plant to clarify the process of introducing the land use zoning system in modern Japan. Existing studies focusing on the zoning system itself have only touched on the social situation of the time and have not been able to fully explain why the zoning system was accepted by society. Therefore, by adopting a social history perspective, this paper shows that the perception that the soot and smoke problems at the Fukagawa plant were caused by "urbanization" made not only urban planners but also newspapers aware of the need for a zoning system. Finally, this paper shows that the zoning system institutionalized the character of the land in Tokyo's east and west sides.

Various effects such like economy revitalization as well as gentrification are likely to occur with the emergence of miscellaneous business activities and an inflow of external capital to the local community in the global tourism era. It is considered as an important issue to maintain existing industry and local atmosphere for sustainable tourism. The Rattanakosin Island, Bangkok, Thailand has rapidly become a tourist site under the government's history conservation and tourism development plan. This study shows the actual condition of 2 local communities influenced by this situation from the spatial aspects such as land prices, land use and transition of commercial activities, and the human aspects consisting of awareness and relationships of local stakeholders.

Recently, the development of a nursery facility sometimes receives an adverse reaction from the local community against society’s requirement.This study focused on the cases facing residents’ opposition toward the development of private nursery facilities in park in the residential area; besides, it also clarified the current situation of opposition movements and considered maintenance procedure and requirements. We conducted an interview survey with local government administrators and residents assessed the situation.Then, we pointed out the necessity of a planning process involving the participation of local residents, the need to understand the actual use of parks and the value of places, and the need to plan management and operation of remaining parks and development of alternative parks.

This study was conducted to clarify actual conditions of residence and land use by absentee landowners in a residential suburban district in Fukui prefecture. Results suggest the following major findings. 1) Of vacant properties, 74% have become overgrown with weeds and trees. Most are owned by individual absentee landowners. 2) Many residents feel uncomfortable about vacant properties with weeds and trees. Residents without vehicles are anxious about increasingly inconvenient transportation. 3) Many absentee landowners are elderly people who live far from the district. Many of them purchased land for property or investment. However, because of falling land prices, absentee landowners want to sell their property. Most have been unable to do so.

Distracted driving by using a mobile phone is a leading cause of car accidents. To eliminate such a risk, it is necessary to study factors that influence the attitude toward using a mobile phone while driving. In this study, 338 valid samples collected through Web surveys were used, and structural equation modeling (SEM) was applied as the analysis method. Stable driving style, preventive driving style, and social capital were determined as extrinsic latent variables in the model to assess the impact of mobile phone use on the driver's attitude toward distracted driving. As a result, it was suggested that social capital is an effective factor influencing driving style. That driving style is also related to the attitude toward involuntary driving using mobile phones.

In modern urban sprawl area, its urban space sometimes looks cluttered. How we can evaluate its characteristic and history? I focus on the modern urban sprawl area around old Fushimi castle town in Kyoto, named Minami-shinch, Cushojima. By analyzing literatures, old maps, aerial photographs and land register, I clarified the development process of Minami-shinch in detail. I found out that the difference in appearance of the roads and paths in Minami-shinchi, such as difference of shapes, elevation, finish of road surface and so on, can be explained by the difference of each development process. Also, it is clarified that its complicated development process is based upon the characteristic of Minami-shinch as a Borderlands located around historic urban area. In conclusion, I clarified that cluttered urban space in Minamishinch actually represents its characteristic of complicated development process, that is to say it can be evaluated as authentic condition.

This study clarifies operational situation of District Planning (DP) in Urbanization Control Area (UCA) in Hisayama Town, where most of all agricultural settlements are covered by DPs, in order to consider planning problem. Since 2006 when DPs in UCA were operated on the large scale, operated areas have been enlarged along city planning master plan of 2003. But road infrastructure is still not enough to accommodate new developments in settlements area. Additionally, because depopulation has been proceeding in old settlements, estimation of around 20% increasing in population frame might be too large against actual situation.

Assuming that there are multiple facilities of the same type on a two dimensional plane where demand is continuously distributed, we give the facility choice probability of residents by the disaggregate logit model. The utility function is supposed to be the weighted sum of the recti-linear travel distance and attractiveness of facility. Measuring the benefit of residents by the average value of the expected maximum utility, we consider its maximization problem. It is proved that dispersion and aggregation phases exist in the optimal facility location. The critical point of the phase transition depends on the regional mobility level and demand density.

This study clarifies actual situation of Rural District Planning (RDP) area and the designating influence to operation subsequent of development permission in Urbanization Control Area (UCA). In all UCAs where RDPs were designated, deregulation like District Planning (DP) in UCA or Ordinance by 34-11 Article has been conducted. While Kakogawa City or Hisayama Town has advanced to comprehensive land use control in UCA with RDP as a start, some cities have changed it into more deregulation tendency. While RDP has advanced functions as planning tool, the opportunity to apply has been recently decreasing with more deregulation tools prepared in UCA.

In a conventional area-based method to evaluate the accessibility of convenience goods in Japan, a certain distance is used as a parameter to measure shopping accessibility. However, there are other affecting factors that determine accessibility and this study introduces a new, population-based method called “Inclusion Line (IL)” to better comprehend residents’ conditions for future urban restructuring. IL displays the relationship between a distance based on personal mobility and a ratio of residents living in that area because personal mobile distance differs depending on residents’ attributes. The study indicated that the new method allows for more accurate analysis and is effective for comparing cities’ Compact City Policies and it also validated the existing method.

This study aims to clarify the formation and fostering process of Street ManagementLed Group(SMLG) which is necessary for the street space occupation and management, and to figure out the effective network method among several related groups. Based on the four case studies, formed and fostered new SMLGs, five roles of SMLG were classified; 1)Decision-Making, 2)Operation, 3)Maintenance,4)Utilization, 5)Support. As a result of analyzing the fostering process, six points are clarified to progress the street management; 1)Ingenuity for forming and fostering the SMLG, 2)Measured process and support leading to the consensus-building, 3)Building up the platform for the smooth decision-making, 4)Local vision shared-process among the SMLG after Initial movement period, 5)Making the extended group via the utilization and support activities during developing period, 6)Flexibility and Mobility for managing and operating the actual working system.