In this research, we conducted several surveys on the soundscape of Saga Prefectural Forest Park in order to grasp the components and structure of soundscape of urban park, as well as the evaluation of each component from visitors in terms of favorite and harmonization. Then, we analyzed the spatial formation of soundscape, zoned the park into several sound divisions by Cluster Analysis; and elucidated the sound characteristics of each zone. We also examined the relative importance of each component and grasped the influence of park soundscape on external residents. The results of this research can not only benefit the soundscape design of urban parks, but also present a new and valuable angle for the research and design of environmental acoustics and comprehensive environment of urban open space.

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In Okinawa, located in the subtropics, various devises for protecting people from intense sunlight and ultraviolet rays have long been done. Although, now, there are some attempts to make shade space in the town, these efforts are hardly seen at beaches. Therefore the purpose of this study is to find the directions of improvements in shade space in Okinawa's beaches. We conducted fieldwork and hearing investigation on the four beaches, Kouki Beach, Mibaru Beach, Tropical Beach, and Azama Sansan Beach. As a result of the research, it turned out that people look for shade space especially at article beaches, and it is significant to provide shade space in territory meeting user's demands.

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This paper deals with the cityscape of Kyoto at the end of the 16th century. The paper investigated 'Sashidashi' included in the "Daichuh'in archives". 'Sashidashi' had sparse and detailed contents depending on places. The various cityscapes of Kyoto at the time had been made clear concretely by reconstruction. The backyards behind the houses were divided into strips particularly in some dense places. On the other hand, the 'Sashidashi' had some descriptions of 'field', 'bush' and 'vacant lot', and the format that was not detailed. It is supposed that such sort of descriptions depicted the places which were not dense.

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The scarce money and the devolution were the two main reasons for the change of Indonesian housing policies after the Asian economic crisis in 1997. A housing finance support program for specific house types for low-and-modest-income people, which had been implemented for more than 20 years with no substantial changes, was the pillar of government housing programs as far as public money was concerned Taking criticism and advice from donor organizations, the government decided to change the scheme into a more market-oriented form. However new housing policies including the housing finance support program have got to accommodate Indonesian social and cultural context as well.

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Regulation on minimum size of building lot was enabled by the revision of the City Planning Law and the Building Standard Law in 1992, and was spread within all of the zoning districts by the revision in 2002. This paper tries to analyze and verify the effect of minimum lot-size regulation implemented in Yokohama City in 1996, by using and analyzing data of the Building Confirmation and the National Housing Survey. As the result, direct effect of the regulation was exemplified by the change in lot-size of detached houses, and the availability of the National Housing Survey data was confirmed.

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We conducted a research regarding the children play and playground facilities in Beijing city. We compared their circumstances at the year of 2003 to those at 1994, and pointed out the characteristics of their changes for ten years. Our study showed the followings as some examples of the changes of the life and the life environment of children in Beijing city for last ten years; learning time of children has increased and kinds of their plays have decreased due to the rapid changes of their life styles, and their playgrounds which used to be athletic grounds and natural forests ten years ago have shifted to artificially designed playgrounds because of the big changes of their living environments.

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The present study proposes a user's sphere model of interchanges on expressway. Although interchanges should be allocated under various kinds of constraints, the user's sphere of interchanges is determined by the traffic cost including expressway charge, running expense, value of time and the transport cost of the industry shipping in this paper, assuming that drivers choose more reasonable routes to their destinations. In the case of Tomei-expressway, the results of the proposed model corresponded well to the actual state of where roads were equally arranged in the district. The user's sphere model will be more accurate by inputting information of local traffic characteristics such as road network, condition of road network, and number of vehicles on the road.

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This paper analyzes the spatial future of Ain Kadous, the first outskirt of the city of Fes, in order to find its possible indicators for future development. In general, Moroccan outskirt is considered to be made up of modern space and extensive-rebuilt space such as living environment formed by neighbors. Based on actual survey and hearing, I made it clear that; 1. modern space was originally built up with the Trame Ecochard. 2. Extensive-rebuilt space is characterized by extension of stairs and closing of courts. 3. Concerning to living environment, commercial spaces were formed along the wide block streets and not yet matured, while mosques with habous shops show strong vitality of Moroccan urbanization. In conclusion, I suggest the importance of efficient application of extensive-rebuilding for future development. Insertion of a mosque into vacant lots, formation of shopping streets along narrow lanes should be carried out referring historic architectural vocabulary.

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Foreigners who want to rent private housing in Japan experience many difficulties. In order to solve the foreigner's housing-problems, we should adopt some measures ; 1) Providing a guarantor service for foreigners, 2) Preventing troubles between landlords and foreigners, 3) Making a system to give counseling on troubles. In recent years, some support systems, for example, Support System for Securing Housing in Kawasaki City, Guideline for Foreigner's Residence, Kanagawa Housing Support Center for Foreigner People, are provided. But all of the foreigner's housing-problems were not solved. In the future, we should call for public guarantor system for foreigners, we should provide more useful information about these support systems to real estate agents and landlords, we have to support foreigners who have complex problems (domestic violence etc.) with welfare organizations, and we should operate the support system that combines 1), 2), and 3).

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This paper examines neighborhood profile of municipalities where Connecticut state government teleworkers reside in an effort to take the first step to find telework's effects on residential distribution in the U.S. The propensity of neighborhood profiles that the covered municipalities showed was found to have correlation with the fact that state government teleworkers live there. CT state teleworkers tend to live in towns/cities with more than 10,000 population where 20 to 30% of residents have bachelorship. Besides these common tendencies, the long-distance and short-distance teleworkers showed different propensities in racial ratio, average home value, average SAT scores etc. The results suggest that the simple decentralization won't occur under telework's effects and that teleworkers' socioeconomic background might differentiate their propensities toward neighborhood profile.

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In this study, we aim to clarify the relationship between the characteristics of cities and the transformations of land use right to provide some suggestions for discussion on the land use management's policies in the future in China. Firstly, we divide the change of land institutions and policies since 1949 into five periods and examine the feature of policies in each period. Secondly, we classify 212 cities into 7 groups by Principal Component Analysis/Cluster Analysis and grasp the characteristics of each group in terms of economic and urbanization level. Thirdly, we analyze the relationship between the characteristics of cities and the transformations on land use right. Lastly, we discuss the direction of the land use management's policies.

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