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Sanae Sugita
2005 Volume 40.1 Pages
1-8
Published: April 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2017
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The purpose of this study is to grasp the topographical tendency of 4 park plans of Tokyo using GIS analysis and to compare with each planning standards. As results, 1. The topographical characteristics in earlier plan are differing from planning standards; it changed to which the characteristics of the plan and planning standards became the same. Although the large park had the plan standard the same, Small parks were not shown, but, the contents of a park planning that was not in a plan, was filling the plan standard. The park total area ran short greatly, because there is the large green belt in the planning. 2. As the standards sophisticated, large parks are located regularly and small parks disappear in the plan.
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The Approval Process by the SRU Law and the UH Law and A Case Study of the Inter-Communal Cooperation of "Pays de Rennes"
Chizuko Kawarada, Masaru Miyawaki
2005 Volume 40.1 Pages
9-20
Published: April 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2017
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The first purpose of this paper is to investigate the background, objects, and the approval process of the Coherent Territorial Plan (SCOT) based on the SRU law (2000) and the UH law (2003) in France. The second purpose is to verify the actual conditions of the inter-communal cooperation for the SCOT in the case of the Rennes wide area. This paper identifies that (1) the planning approval process of the SCOT was innovated by the democratic involvement, and (2) the area of application of SCOT at Rennes wide area was decided as the “Pays de Rennes” followed by the mixed union of the “Pays de Rennes” which was decided to elaborate the SCOT (2003).
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Kim Kabsung, Kim Sungjin, Lee Taihyun
2005 Volume 40.1 Pages
21-29
Published: April 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2017
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The population concentration in the Seoul Metropolitan Area (SMA) has gradually increased since the 1960s. The Korean government has supplied more housing units to relieve housing shortage problem in the SMA. Several scholars and researchers, however, have raised questions arguing that more housing supply could cause an increase in population inflows into the SMA from other regions. This study is focused on the analysis of the causal relationship between housing supply and population concentration in the SMA. With the Granger-Sims causality test and simultaneous equations, casual relationship and the effects of the determinants of population inflows are analyzed. It is found that housing supply causes population inflows and vice versa. In order to avoid severe population concentration in the SMA, the current supply-oriented housing policy should be altered as a mean of solving housing shortage problem.
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Emiko Kakiuchi, Takashi Hayashi
2005 Volume 40.1 Pages
30-39
Published: April 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2017
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Kurokabe Inc. is a “third sector” company , conducting artistic glassware blowing at Kurokabe Square, Nagahama, and preserving historic buildings, since 1988. We estimate the economic impact caused by 1.16 million visitors purchasing goods at Kurokabe and nearby shops, spending on parking lots, and hotels/accommodations, which led to a total economic impact of 2,313 million yen (a multiplier of 1.53) in Shiga Prefecture during the calendar year 1995. We conclude that Kruokabe Inc. has had a great economic impact on the region. MHowever a balance sheet analysis of Kruokabe Inc. shows that careful management is required to improve profits and maintain their competitive edge in the artistic glassware market. It should make more investment in glassware blowing production rather than restoring historic buildings, and it is necessary for Kurokabe to have more assistance from nearby shops which benefit greatly from Kurokabe's activities in coordination with the city of Nagahama..
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A Case of Colombo, Sri Lanka
D.G.J. PREMAKUMARA
2005 Volume 40.1 Pages
40-50
Published: April 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2017
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There are conceptual debates to understand the urban poverty in developing countries. Of late, many argue that income/consumption alone is an imperfect measure of people's well-being and emphasize non-monetary variables. Some have insisted on the concept of poverty based on perceptions of the poor themselves. This paper examines the urban deprivation in Colombo from this emerging conceptual framework and employs a participatory methodology. By comparing the official definitions of poverty focused on income and housing situations with the expressed views of the poor on their own issues, the paper concludes that the former deviates considerably from the latter, and points out the needs to broaden the official concepts of poverty and to make the defining and surveying processes participatory.
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Yosuke Ando, Keiji Yokota, Tohru Yoshikawa
2005 Volume 40.1 Pages
51-59
Published: April 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2017
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The aim of this article is to analyze urban decline considering emergence and agglomeration of vacant buildings and effect of empty space on commerce using a multi agent system for urban simulation. The system contains twenty by twenty cells representing land use lots where agents are located. The agents consist of empty space, industry, housing and commerce. These agents appear or disappear according to the potential or request value as the accumulation of spatial interaction and rent. Conversion costs, decrease of population and high rent at business districts are implemented. The results show that vacant buildings appear at surrounding area and that the effect of agglomerated vacant buildings accelerates urban decline. Combination of empty space and commerce causes sprawl decline.
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Planning Scrutiny to Lake Tahoe Cases
Sadatsugu Nishiura, Takashi Onishi
2005 Volume 40.1 Pages
60-68
Published: April 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2017
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As environmental attorneys in Japanese judicial field argue the needs of reforming judicial system, environmental groups such as NPO and citizen's groups also raise their concerns to critical role of the judiciary in environmental protection. The attorneys also criticize the weakness of Japanese land use regulation to overcome private property right in favor of public welfare. In the April 2002, the U.S. Supreme Court decided Tahoe-Sierra case in favor of environmental protection and land use regulation. We review the opinion in term of regional planning system to sustain development moratorium, which had been sued for many years for violating the Fifth Amendment requirement of the U.S. constitution.
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Simulation of the Heights of Street-side Buildings along NANDAJIE Street, Xi'an, China
Tian-Ao Zhang, Seiji Sato, Himeno Yuka, Yuji Kobayashi, Kwi-Hwan Kim
2005 Volume 40.1 Pages
69-76
Published: April 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2017
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In this study, we discussed the heights of the buildings lining a street named Nandajie Street in Xi'anCity, China, that boasted historical constructions with the Bell Tower and the City Wall as the landmarks. The heights of the buildings were changed in each Influenced Range of Streetscape. By clarifying theinfluences of the streetscapes developed from the combinations on men's psychological evaluation, theestimation was performed for desirable combination of the heights of the buildings. In order to achieve theexaminee's feeling as real as possible, VR (Virtual Reality) system was adopted in the evaluationexperiment of this research.
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Yuko Ohuchi, Mahito Nakazono, Shinji Ikaruga
2005 Volume 40.1 Pages
77-84
Published: April 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2017
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The purpose of this study is to examine the necessity and possibility of the vacant house renewal as a rental house. The historical central zone of Yamaguchi city is selected as the survey area and this paper presents the results. Firstly, the increase of parking lot, vacant lot and vacant house is confirmed by the transformation survey of land use and building renewal. Secondly, it's cleared that the aging rate of households is high, so the vacant house may increase in near future and the new re-use system is needed. Thirdly, it is confirmed that the traditional detached houses, owner-occupied house that became vacant, are used for the rented house, so the view of the re-use will exist.
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Katsuhiro Kubo, Shouko Hayashi, Shinji Ishida, Atsushi Terasawa
2005 Volume 40.1 Pages
85-90
Published: April 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2017
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Urban redevelopment projects have raised the issue that all business right holders cannot continue to operate their businesses at the same location after the project is completed. Station-area redevelopment in local cities has been studied by analyzing the behaviors of business-right holders at two points in time i.e. before and after redevelopment. The status of business continuance after redevelopment was also studied. The results revealed (1) about 30% of all business-right holders have continued their businesses and (2) many businesses in leased premises have closed down. Only these businesses remained in the redevelopment buildings but moved out thereafter and then closed down their business.
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With Area Characters of Kyoto, Kobe, Arakawa
Jusuck Kim, Minoru Takamizawa
2005 Volume 40.1 Pages
91-96
Published: April 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2017
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The Design System for Collective Buildings in Kyoto, Kobe and Arakawa aim for improvement and maintenance of safety and residential-environment in the Densely Build-up Area. In Kyoto, the Application of the System is the most flexible, and instances are found out only here. But, the count of instances is staying at 5, in spite of Incentives, during it's application for 5 years since 1999. This research, based on prescriptions & site observations, suggest 3 points to activate this system. One is to draw a distinction between inner sites and road-side sites in an area; let it be possible to designate the area without road-side if there are some actions to ensure safety and residential-environment or to present more incentives for road-side sites. Another is an extension of design's liberty for business & amicable project undertaking; area size, site division and transfer of floor area. The other is to improve the relationship of local government, dwellers, and constructor(include planner); connection of an area planning and planning rights of each sites in the area.
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Atsushi Terasawa, Kubo Katsuhiro, Shinji Ishida, Rieko Shiraki
2005 Volume 40.1 Pages
97-102
Published: April 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2017
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Many people who recently moved to underpopulated areas of Hokkaido had clear goals and have the reality of the area with different view point than existing inhabitans. The locality was first determined. Within a framework, the behaviors of people who moved to underpopulated local cities are overviewed. Lives and job opportunities for people in underpopulated cities are investigated by determining various background processes of their move. Alfter all, Eight categories of move are identified. For example, one of these categories who regard the place moved in as the place to get a job would have the possibility to become the new people at the underpopuated local cities in the neighborhood of the core cities.
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Evaluation of policies and services under Merger of Municipalities in Akita Prefecture
Satoru Kodama, Miki Muraki
2005 Volume 40.1 Pages
103-108
Published: April 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2017
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The purpose of this paper is examined what local-welfare-service can should be, in the regions. The study firstly reviews, Merger of Municipalities and Regional-Associations, followed by the questionnaire surveys to the local councils and social welfare institutions in Akita Prefecture. From the analysis, if the Municipalities are reorganized, the following mechanism based on the service area could be effective in the welfare and care; 1. Regions: Reorganizing and combining current regional welfare and care services; 2. The area of Merger of Municipalities: Municipality should work as the facilitator between Public and Private sectors; 3. Independent Municipality: PFI scheme should be effectively work for the facility construction, also area-wide management system, based on PPP.
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Toward Theoretical Inquiry about Structural Transformation in Urban Planning
Kota Kawasaki
2005 Volume 40.1 Pages
109-120
Published: April 25, 2005
Released on J-STAGE: July 01, 2017
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This article discusses the transition of urban planning theory in the U.S.A. since World War II, demonstrating that significant structural transformation has occurred in the post war period to the present. The purpose of urban planning, aimed at elaborating processes for making rational technical decisions effectively and efficiently in order to achieve the identified goals of serving the unitary public interest, has been transformed into the process whose aims are consensus building, empowering social groups and producing intellectual, social and political capital through communicative actions which are interpretative and transformative activities on the present political and economic structure. Accordingly, the planner's role has transformed from that of making comprehensive plans based on scientific expertise from the apolitical position, into the facilitator, the mediator, or the enabler aiming at the purpose mentioned above.
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