The accessibility to the central area is the fundamental factor for analyzing real estate prices, and trains are the most important public transit in Tokyo, Japan. Therefore, many researchers use distances to the central station as a control variable when employing the hedonic regression approach. However, it is not apparent which is the appropriate central station. To resolve this problem, we propose an approach to select a better central station in which a non-linear relationship between price and distance is captured. The empirical result suggests employing Shibuya station as a center when we regress the unit prices of the residential land market in Tokyo 23 wards.

In recent years, river space has been attracting attention as a valuable waterfront space within the city. River space is an open space that extends along a line, and it is expected to bring liveliness to a wide area within a city by taking advantage of its characteristics in terms of the development of waterfront spaces. In this study, we focus on the characteristics of the Nakagawa River in Fukuoka City and analyze the environment of the river such as surrounding land use and the revetment situation and the moving and staying behavior of people on a broad scale by utilizing the GPS data sets. As a result, it is clarified how the river is currently used and how it has the potential be used in the future.

Local governments delineate residence-guided zones primarily based on population density. However, they tend to delineate these zones without taking the physical urban form into consideration sufficiently. To address the issues, Saitama prefecture, an empirical case study area, is represented as a set of 500m grid cells with population density data. These cells are classified into 10 types of physical urban form by cluster analysis and overlayed with residence-guided zones where physical urban form is quantified by land use ratio and building density. Results show that (1) grid cells with mixed building use, roads, and farmland (called the mixed farm and residential cluster) tend to be along the boundaries of residence-guided zones, and (2) focusing on residence-guided zones, population density in the mixed farm and residential clusters is significantly smaller than that in urban clusters.

Although each city is considering Urban Functional Zone in the Location Optimization Plan, the examination considering the impact on vitality is not permeated. The purpose of this research is to present a practical analysis method that can grasp the influence of the structure of the urban area on the vitality of the city, such as the human's travel/activity. Targeting around three stations in Saitama City, we combined and analyzed data from existing basic survey of city planning and person trip surveys, etc. As a result, we were able to confirm that it is a practical analytical method that grasps the effect of vitality that cannot be understood only from land use and the influence of guidance facilities on the surroundings.

Several studies using graph theory have been conducted to analyze railway networks. However, train types such as express and rapid are not considered in the construction of the spatial network, and it is difficult to analyze the complex railway network in which various train types operate. In this study, we constructed a railway network model considering train types in the Tokyo metropolitan area, and proposed 11 indicators for station accessibility evaluation from OD data in the 2018 Tokyo metropolitan area person trip survey and timetables of each line. Stations were classified into five clusters by principal component analysis and cluster analysis. These classifications made it possible to visualize the accessibility and compactness of each station and to grasp the urban structure from the railway network.

In order to achieve improved human well-being and sustainable urban management, there is a growing need for a planning process that shares the importance of the desired urban structure and the effects of different policies among different stakeholders. In this study, we constructed an urban structure simulation that combines sub-models estimating individual building replacement, personal relocation and residential choice, and zone-level land prices, using inputs such as 3D urban models. We analyzed the impact of policies such as the Location Optimization Plan and LRT on land use and population distribution in Utsunomiya City. As a result, we understand the effects of changes in the use of individual buildings and the increase in population due to policies such as the opening of the LRT, the improvement of bus convenience, and the guidance of residential choices and urban functions.

“Spongy urban area”, the random appearance of underutilized land such as parking lots, is a serious problem in local cities. Structural understanding of this phenomenon is necessary for countermeasures against it. In this study, we conducted a spatial autocorrelation analysis of parking lot locations and a street structure analysis based on Space Syntax theory in Fukuyama City, Japan, to clarify the relationship between them through time. As a result, we identified a chronological change in trends in parking lot accumulation and street accessibility. A detailed survey of the districts revealed that coin-operated parking lots tended to be located in higher accessible locations. The results enable understanding of the characteristics of the “Spongy urban area” phenomenon, which is regarded as random, in relation to the urban spatial structure.

This study used a survey of residents' attitudes to evaluate their awareness of the importance of community development policies using the BWS. In order to reduce the bias of social desirability included in city planning, the results were compared with conventional subjective evaluation. The mixed logit model estimation results confirmed residents' attitudes toward community development measures. Next, we confirmed that not only subjective evaluations but also more objective inferential evaluations can be validly interpreted and that there is a divergence between subjective and inferential evaluations with respect to community development awareness. After accounting for social desirability bias, we found that revitalization and disaster preparedness measures may have the self-righteousness effect that one is more useful to the community than others and that simple aggregation in the BWS underestimates the importance of local issues compared to the mixed-logit model.

Telework has been accepted by society as a new way of working and is expected to continue after the convergence of COVID-19. Telework is expected to increase the suburban population and expand the urban area, which makes it harder to realize compact cities. This study focuses on working spaces, a facility for teleworking, and uses an urban economic model to analyze the impact of working space on the urban area. The analysis confirms that the existence of working space allows a teleworking environment to be developed even for small residences around the city center, increasing the urban center population and consolidating the urban area. It is expected that the promotion and development of working spaces by municipalities leads to compact cities.

The average residential population and households per building in each basic census unit is essential for understanding building use intensity and estimating residential population in morphological urban areas considering the patterns of building locations. Since 2023, spatial data on basic census unit has been released as open data along with residential population and households. In this paper, the spatial distribution of the average residential population and households per building in each basic census unit of Chiba prefecture has been compared with those in small area (chocho-moku) and 250m grid cell. Results show that the absolute value of the difference between the average residential population per building in basic census unit and that in small area and 250m grid cell tends to be greater than one (ten in some case) where buildings with detached housing and condominium use are mixed.

Population projection is important for the urban and the regional planning. Because we need to forecast demand for the planning of facilities, and population is the basis for seeking demand. If the projected population is compared with the actually occurred population, probably the error occurs to some extent. This paper gives the method of estimating the range of error which have standard reliability regardless of the population size. In general, as a result of the execution of urban planning, it leads population different from the tendency. If the population of the desired outcome is called the population of the target, the method of the present study enables the judgment whether it is an appropriate target. The object data is a past estimated population by National Institute of Population and Social Security Research and the actual occurred population in each municipality.

Rapid population decline requires the reconstruction of urban structure for effective and efficient spatial planning, including the allocation of urban cores. We propose an urban core allocation model that balances residents' proximity to facilities and facility cost by considering population changes. Our model accounts for travel distance, number of facilities, hubs, and new facilities. Based on a case study in the Kanto region, our model revealed differences in the number and location of urban cores compared to a model without population changes. Additionally, the optimal location for urban cores differed, even if the number of hubs was the same. About 30% of municipalities had a different number of cores with our model. Our model suggests different planning strategies based on the intensity of population decrease, including downsized planning and wind-down planning with additional allocation in the initial stage. Our model can aid in effective spatial planning to accommodate rapid population decline while maintaining residents' proximity to facilities.

In thisThis study, focused on the citizen activities carried out at the Kusatsu river park with the aim of contributing to the promotion and proactive of citizen activities in the park, and analyzed the factors that community action groups look for in the park. As a result of conducting an interview survey of citizen activity members, and the results were analyzed by categorizing them into activity types based on their motives for participation and the location of the activity, the, and the following findings can be obtained. The results showed that different factors were sought by each groupeach group sought different factors. On the other hand, it was found that "communicating and connecting with others" was commonly sought by all groups.

This paper focuses on various effects of residents-participatory road maintenance activities. A case study was conducted over 'Kitakyushu Road Supporters Program' which applies so-called adopt program system. Based on an interview survey over 14 leaders of the registered road support groups, properties of their prescribed road maintenance activities and unprescribed various community activities, and the relations among those activities were analyzed. This paper finally found that 1) the program actually supports the various unprescribed community activities as well as prescribed road maintenance activities, 2) the program also strengthen residents-network and cooperation with various administrative organizations, and 3) those activities are limited within those community areas of respective support groups.

In establishing a management organization for the purpose of maintenance and management of common ownership in planned detached residential areas in Japan, it is widely practiced to establish a management association based on the Property Ownership Law. However, the limitations of applying the Property Ownership Law to residential areas have been emerged with the passing of time, and it is necessary to reconsider the legislative system for the management of residential areas. Therefore, this study focuses on the U. S’s legislations system regarding establishment of the HOA’s and the management of the HOA, in order to compare it with the issues in Japan’s management system.

For area management to enhance the attractiveness of the district, the utilization of privately owned publics space(POPS) created by comprehensive design system is required. However, there are no specific legal requirements for occupancy of POPS, and local governments operate it on their own. The purpose of this study is to clarify both the occupancy standards of local governments and the actual situation of the utilization of POPS in area management, for revitalization and creation of a bustling atmosphere of the district. More municipalities are setting occupancy standards within the limits that don't deviate from the role of POPS, and the utilization of POPS is progressing. Some municipalities promote the active usage of POPS by occupying entities with publicness.

Recently, place attachment has been attracting attention to facilitate community development, and it is known to correlate with the desire to sustain the region and the intention to continue to live there. On the other hand, in order to achieve a sustainable society, we need to change the function and location of the community, and if residents move out, we need them to continue their relationship as “associated population”. Therefore, in this study, in order to understand place attachment from the perspective of future community development, we surveyed the reasons for feeling attachment and attitudes toward contributing to the community. The results revealed that factors that generate and strengthen attachment differ, and that groups with high place attachment do not necessarily have positive attitudes toward future community development.

This study aims to clarify the relationship between participation in the Furukawa matsuri and place attachment. In this study, we focus on which kind of itinerary in festival activities and use “place attachment” as indicators to measure awareness of the local community. The result showed that there is a relationship between place attachment and intergenerational exchange. Increasing interaction increases place attachment. In addition, there is a possibility that participants in labor-intensive itineraries or itineraries of service to God raised place attachment directly. On the other hand, there is a possibility that participants in itineraries behind the scenes raised place attachment through interaction with older.

Civic pride is the pride of the citizens of a city and is based on a sense of ownership to improve the community. In Japan, where the population is declining, civic pride has been attracting attention as a clue to increasing the number of U-turns. We investigated the degree of civic pride in one's hometown, and how awareness of various environmental factors affects the formation of the intention to make a U-turn. The results of a random forest revealed that, first, the existence of a desired job in the local area, second, the desire to continue living in the local area, and third, the desire to live near family and friends in the local area are important for the formation of U-turn intention among university students.

The study clarified issues that need to be addressed to facilitate the dissolution of condominiums. Specifically, they include the issues of bridging loans, support systems for specialists, residential support, and economic issues. Based on this, we focused on the economic aspect and examined the possibility of realizing the dissolution of condominiums. As a result, using the condominiums in Yokohama as an example, we estimated that 0.6% of the condominiums cannot even raise the cost of demolition even if the site is sold. In addition, 94.3% of condominiums are unable to purchase neighboring condominiums with the cost of selling the land. Therefore, in order to promote smooth dissolution of condominiums, it is necessary to develop a wide range of residential policies, including where residents can move to after the dissolution of condominiums, coordination with financial policies, and training of experts.

In recent years, urban redevelopment projects with high-rise condominiums have been undertaken around railway station areas. It is thought that such urban redevelopment projects contribute to forming compact city. However, such urban redevelopment projects have been approved without sufficient evaluation of their impact on the region. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to clarify the impact of such urban redevelopment projects on the formation of compact cities and their effects, and examine the future of urban redevelopment projects around railway station areas. As a result of the study, it is revealed that such urban redevelopment projects do not necessarily lead to the realization of compact cities in all items.

There have been expectations in Japan for the relocation of headquarters functions from Tokyo to rural areas. However, there are no studies that examine the actual living conditions of relocated workers in rural areas after the relocation. Therefore, in this study, we conducted interviews with companies and local governments to determine whether the measures they implemented were able to meet the needs of relocated workers. Furthermore, we conducted a questionnaire survey on the level of satisfactions with life in rural areas for both relocated workers and non-relocated workers. The results suggest that local governments lack an adequate understanding of relocated workers’ living conditions, and there is a gap between “measures to improve living conditions” taken by companies and local governments and “what relocated workers feel in their rural life”.

Immediately after the end of the World War II, repatriates returning from abroad increased the demand for housing by 670,000 units, further exacerbating the housing shortage in Japan. Therefore, the supply of housing for repatriates became one of the most important issues for the government. The purpose of this study was to clarify the policy of supplying and abolishing repatriate housing in Kyoto city　and the actual conditions of the Management and living environment of Takanogawa dormitories. As a result, Kyoto focused on establishing dormitories for repatriates by converting idle facilities. Later, Kyoto Prefecture converted to abolishing the dormitories in order to restructure its finances. The Takanogawa Dormitory had a number of auxiliary facilities that provided a foundation for daily life. On the other hand, the living conditions in the dormitory were poor. In addition, the dormitory was practically run by a self-governing body organized by the residents.

Several prefectures have relocated their prefectural government buildings (PGB) due to aging and cramped conditions. This report provides an overview of the relocation process of PGB and classifies the locations of relocated offices into three categories: within the central city, near the central city, and in the suburbs. The study then clarified the characteristics of the area surrounding the relocated PGB.<br />We found that industries directly related to the prefectural government and prefectural assembly, industries serving the entire prefecture, and industries serving the PGB tend to be concentrated in the areas surrounding PGB.<br />In the cities with typical industrial clusters, there were plots of land available for related industries from the time the land for the PGB was acquired, and district plans and other measures were in place to encourage the formation of these centers.

This research clarifies the achievements and challenges of road space utilization by occupying roadways for the coexistence of pedestrians and vehicles, targeting the social experiment of Park(ing)Day 2021 Kanda. The social experiment was able to induce various actions of users by setting up a residence space as a verification of the practice aiming for a road where pedestrians and vehicles coexist by utilizing roads and on-street parking lots without restricting general cars.It clarified that the balance between ensuring safety and the comfort of the staying space is an issue because there was guidance to install fixtures with large spatial restrictions from the viewpoint of ensuring safety in consultation with the police and administration.

“Intersect stations”, where railroad lines intersect at an angle, are highly important because of multiple lines serving, but they also have a special urban form with many restrictions, such as the area around the station is divided into four “Quadrant urban areas” by intersecting railroad lines. This paper revealed the differences in land use among quadrants in 25 selected intersect stations in Tokyo area, then verified for differences in land use from the view of the disparity among quadrants in terms of connectivity of ticket gates and easiness of walking around the station area. As a result, it was found that differences in land use among quadrants are likely to occur at intersect stations.

In areas where the station plaza and its surroundings have been developed systematically, it can be seen that urban function facilities such as stores, restaurants, hospitals, schools, and city halls are concentrated. On the other hand, in some station squares and its surroundings, urban functions are not concentrated. <br />This study aims to show the locational characteristics of urban function induction facilities from differences in improvement of the station square. <br />As a result, it was shown that the number of urban function induction facilities increased when the station square was developed. Besides if the station square is developed by urban development projects such as land readjustment projects and urban renewal projects, the number of facilities increased compared to other patterns.

In this study, we focus on the chain reaction process and the factors that contribute to the establishment of real estate businesses by local private company in the context of the declining need for development and a shortage of personnel in local cities. Specifically, we examine the case of "CSA Real Estate," a local private company in the Mochimune district of Shizuoka City and investigate the ideas for commercialization of real estate businesses, the relationships between these businesses, and the factors that lead to chain development. As a result, (1) The report clarified the innovations for commercializing one's own business from three perspectives: planning and design, information gathering and dissemination, and organizational structure. (2) The chain development process was divided into three phases, and the main factors identified in each phase were location or the surrounding environment, the ingenuity used to establish the business, human connections, and local information.

This study, through a case study of the “MAD City” project around Matsudo Station, investigates the entrepreneurial ecosystems led by local entrepreneurs and a social enterprise. We defined entrepreneurial ecosystems as interconnected groups of people and supportive environments for creating entrepreneurship. This study clarified that some local entrepreneurs do not depend on local social environment, although they have developed their businesses contributing to improvement of local services. It also revealed differences in the environment that entrepreneurs depend on according to their gender and whether they have children. The examined social enterprise has fostered entrepreneurial ecosystems by promoting collaboration between such entrepreneurs, local communities and government.

This study aims to identify the positive and negative place characteristics through residents’ place memories. An online questionnaire was used to collect place memories from residents in urban and rural areas of Japan. Participants were asked to recall and describe their place memories within local area freely, resulting in 263 valid responses. Text mining analyses were conducted to identify characteristic words or phrases for each setting. The results revealed significant differences in place characteristics between urban and rural areas, with positive place characteristics in urban areas centered around leisure activities and negative characteristics around interpersonal relationships. Conversely, positive characteristics in rural areas were related to natural and cultural events, while negative characteristics were associated with interpersonal relationships and dissatisfaction with living environment. Understanding both positive and negative place characteristics is expected to contribute to the development of an enriched living environment for people.

The impact of the promotion of the Compact City Policies on residents’ physical access to food retail stores is not fully examined. By taking Toyama City as a case study, this paper aims to identify the longitudinal changes in supermarket proximity among residents, including those with socio-economic vulnerabilities. The road distance analyses revealed that from 2010 to 2021, there was a citywide increase in the distance to the closest supermarkets, and it was observed especially among the elderly population and public housing residents. Notably, the increase was observed even in the Residence Attraction Areas where local facilities should be adequately provided. Moreover, the findings show that the decrease in proximity was mainly caused by the changes in supermarket spatial distribution.

This study describes the need to develop a planning approach for agricultural land for conservation and utilisation of agricultural land with urban residents as the bearers, according to urban centrality and the location of existing agricultural land. It then classified 67 wards in the Kanto metropolitan area by overlaying four typologies based on urban centrality and four typologies based on the location characteristics of agricultural land. As a result, the wards could be classified into 13 categories, and Tama-ku, Kawasaki was positioned as an area with a high overall similarity to the three wards in the city centre, but with a relatively large amount of agricultural land, and where agricultural land is located in close proximity to both urban and natural infrastructure, i.e. in locations important for the residential life of urban residents.

The exposure of children to precursor events of sex crimes, deemed to cause minor damage, may not be reported by parents to police or school. This study identified the factors of parents’ intention to report children’s victimization involving precursor events to police and schools. Ordinal logistic regression analysis was applied to data obtained from a web-based survey of men and women aged 20–59 years who live in Fukuoka City and have an elementary or junior high school student as their first child (n = 518). The results revealed some factors assumed by protection motivation theory—appraised severity of the precursor event, belief in the efficacy of the contacts, and perceived self-efficacy of the contacts were positively related to the parents’ intention to contact police and school.

The purpose of the study is to identify the actual condition of the stone walls called Shishigaki (wild boar defense walls) by investigating the current state and examining the reasons of demolishment. By interpretation of historical documents, interview and on-site measurement surveys were conducted at nine districts located at the foot of Mt. Hira. As a result, it was confirmed that Shishigaki was built in all of the nine districts from the late half of 1700 to 1800 with the permission of the government. It is confirmed that about 4.7 km of Shishigaki relics remain at altitudes of 100 m to 230 m; Shishigaki is found either linear or surrounding types, and the building techniques vary with the locations. The study identified out that not only the residential and road development but some of economic and social activities were the reason of demolishing the Shishigaki relics.

Although the importance of farmland in urban area has been advocated, the number of Productive Open Spaces continues to decline. Productive Open Spaces Acts has a system in which Productive Open Spaces is purchased and utilized by local governments. This study aims to make which clear why local government can buy the Productive Open Spaces and how they supply parks. Results showed that indicating in plan contributes to buy productive Open Spaces. And then, devising to get financial aid is essential to get permission promptly. In the section to grasp the actual situation of the parks, while succession as farmland has been achieved, it became clear that problems remain in the use as a city park.

In this study, I investigated the influence of green vision ratio and the planting design of street trees on human comfort.<br />When I investigated the feeling of comfort due to the difference in planting design, it became clear that planting designs with bright deciduous trees arranged on the streets were preferred.<br />Furthermore, when the difference in comfort due to the difference in green vision rate was examined, it was found that the scenery with a green vision rate of 25% felt most comfortable.<br />In addition, outdoor-oriented people preferred streetscapes with a higher green vision rate, while indoor-oriented people tended to prefer streetscapes with less high green vision.<br />By age group, it became clear that older people tended to feel uncomfortable with streetscapes with low green vision compared to other age groups.

In this research, extraregional chain store located in historical tourist spots and which give impressions similar to those of other spots are evaluated, and the effect of landscape control to suppress these impressions is discussed. Regional rules and consultations with local people discourage the opening of extraregional chain store chains with conspicuous designs. In addition, the number and placement of advertisements influence the evaluation of impressions that are “everywhere.” Therefore, effective methods to control the uniform impression include reducing the number of advertisements and avoiding designs and products that flood the general urban area. It is opined that it is necessary to support extraregional-capital store chains by having a discussion on their landscape after they open.

This study focuses on micro-breweries (hereinafter referred to as “MBs”), which have increased in number since the deregulation of beer and low-malt beer due to economic policies in 1994, and aims to clarify how and what relationships MBs have established with their local communities. A questionnaire survey of MBs across Japan revealed that MBs are establishing relationships with the community in various ways in their production processes, serving processes, and serving spaces. Furthermore, the interview surveys for the owner of MBs suggested that some MBs establish relationships with the local community on their own, while others are established at the request of local businesses, and that they have the potential to play a variety of roles, such as utilizing local products, attracting tourists, and creating a community of local residents.

Green infrastructure (GI) has attracted attention as a measure for mitigating flood damage and high urban temperatures caused by climate change. In recent years, the amount of underutilized land in local cities has increased significantly because of population decline, which can be effectively used as GI sites. This study was conducted in the central area of Kure City, Hiroshima Prefecture, to understand the effects of GI on flood control and thermal environment improvement and identify areas where GI introduction is highly effective. Findings show that the introduction of GI into underutilized land can somewhat reduce flood damage and urban hyperthermia. In particular, the introduction of GI into sloping urban areas with declining populations has proven to be effective.

High temperatures in urban areas have severely affected many people in recent years. Therefore, it is essential to understand the spatial distribution of pedestrians and consider thermal and environmental improvements. Thermal environment improvements have focused on public lands, which now also include private lands; however, the extent of their impact remains unknown. Consequently, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of thermal environment improvement measures on public and private lands in Hiroshima City's central area through numerical calculations. The results show that summer pedestrian ratios are higher on southern sidewalks and narrow streets, which are more easily shaded. Thermal environmental improvement measures, including integrated continuous green spaces across both areas, are more effective than separate areas.

Physical activity in daily life is valuable protection against lifestyle disease. The park is to do physical activity while having fun and safety. This study aims to investigate the role of parks how to contribute people’s health by measuring utilization with the indicator of physical activity in parks in residential district on suburban residential area. As a result, people who use parks with children or friend can do physical activity equivalent to the high intensity of physical activity as soccer or baseball. When physical activity was taken by location, the physical activity in ground zone was almost same with playground but the intensity and time of physical activity was different. People did the high intensity of physical activity at ground zone and the low intensity of physical activity at a long time in playground.

This study aims to provide suggestions for future "disaster prevention group relocation promotion projects." For this purpose, we focused on the Amakusa area in Kumamoto of relocation after the torrential rain in July 1972, which triggered the introduction of this project. In Amakusa, the relocation project was completed in two years, and 87.4% of the residents continued to live in the town. It didn’t take long time to secure relocation site because the land was newly reclaimed. They also could restart their livelihood soon because the resumption of commuting farming and job placement. The establishment of the project, which was highly subsidized by the government, was triggered by the "attractive community development" aimed for under the Depopulation Law of 1970. It is necessary to consider how the project should be conducted under the declining population, such as by consolidating the relocation sites.

In 1961, there was torrential rain in the Inadani area of Nagano Prefecture, and they conducted a group migration project for restoration. This case was the occasion for enacting the Law on Disaster Prevention Group Relocation Promotion Project. So, this study aims to clarify the introduction process and actual conditions of a group migration project because they have not been fully clarified yet. As a result, following three points became clear. First, analyzing the Diet Proceedings, we found that group migration was selected instead of the original restoration because of the enormous disaster and limited budget. Second, although there are many candidate sites for migration, it could contribute to the formation of a compact city. Third is the enhancement of support for rebuilding livelihoods. Considering the recent situation of frequent disasters, we believe that the study will provide useful suggestions for the future promotion of group relocation projects.

The impact of temperature rise due to climate change is becoming evident in Japan, and outdoor heat risks are increasing especially in urban areas. This study simulated diurnal changes of summer temperature distribution for SSP/RCP future images in the 2090s where climate change will have progressed, focusing on the urban center neighborhood in Nagoya City. The novelty of this study is three-fold: Using a CFD model based on comparison with actual measurement results in 2021; Visualizing thermal changes during daytime in summer based on transient analysis; Preparing three future scenarios of SSP1-1.9, SSP2-4.5, and SSP5-8.5. One of the findings was that SSP5-8.5 may bring a positive outcome for thermal environment as increasing building height generates expanding shaded area.

This study clarifies an actual situation of life service environment and the designating appropriateness of Residential Inducing Area (RIA) in low-rise residential exclusive area in local city. We define life service environment from daily necessities store location and public transportation frequency as well as analyzing area characteristics of life service environment, targeting 11 cities. Among cities where designating rate of low-rise residential exclusive area is over the average, there are quite differences in service environment level. We divide them into 5 cities groups. Designating RIA isn’t done with consideration of actual situation of life service environment. We suggest the better way for RIA designation.

The purpose of this research is to extract blank space for each time period and evaluate the retention potential to obtain knowledge for utilizing it as retention space. A survey was conducted on streets and public open spaces in the Tenjin Meiji-dori district of Fukuoka City. The target area was classified into six types based on spatial characteristics and traffic volume. In addition, we analyzed the differences in the number of passersby and their attributes under conditions such as time of day and day of the week. Based on these potential evaluations and verification through demonstration experiments, it has become possible to propose flexible place functions according to the time of day and passers-by.

In considering pre-disaster reconstruction and development plans, it is necessary to consider how evacuation and reconstruction housing should be arranged. In this study, questionnaires and interviews were conducted in Kiki area, regarding the choice of places to live after the disaster, and then the thought processes were analyzed. The results show that the majority have their first choice in Kiki area, indicating a sense of belonging to a place and community is an important factor for their choice. On the other hand, the thought process leading to the second and third choice is not possible varied according to occupations and ages. Therefore, when considering the consolidation and reorganization of settlements, it is necessary to prepare options to meet the different needs of different occupations and ages.

The study aims to identify socio-spatial factors prompting the settlement process of Lifestyle Migration (LM) in outer suburban areas and structuralize its unique mechanism of the process in comparison with traditional LM in rural areas. By analyzing text data of interviews with migrants in an outer suburban area of the Tokyo metropolis using the grounded theory approach, the results indicated two distinct characteristics of the outer suburban LM from the traditional rural LM, retention of original family and business ties with urban areas and freedom of participation in local community activities. These characteristics were owing to the four factors, various forms of housing, local nature and culture, community spaces managed by migrants, and community activities that anyone can join.

In Japan, the Comprehensive Design System was established in 1970 to secure public open spaces in response to urban development and population concentration. Since the 1990s, there has been a surge in the construction of high-rise residential buildings applying the Comprehensive Design System. This study aims public open spaces in high-rise residential buildings under the Comprehensive Design System, focusing on sightline openings and composition in comparison to other building uses. By extracting the elements and patterns of composition, this research provides a reference for creating standards for public open spaces, aiming to improve their quality. This study intends to contribute to the development of public open spaces under the Comprehensive Design System.

Offices, retails, households and transport, such as urban activities account for around 50 % of CO2 emissions in Japan. For tackling this issue, effective energy utilization is necessary in particularly high dense area. In response to this, the Government of Japan is promoting energy centers in public spaces with energy networks. This paper deals with energy center development in public spaces and attempts to clarify how use of public spaces for energy center can secure CO2 emission reductions. We firstly review energy policies in Sapporo City and followed by an analysis of construction of energy center under several cases. From the analysis, we found that energy center under the public park is effectively worked for reduced CO2 emissions, however, initial cost and high energy prices and so on are negatively affected to the energy businesses.