Journal of the City Planning Institute of Japan

Housing Recovery Issues and Challenges after 1996 Lijiang Earthquake, China

Xiaoyu Yuan, Ohnishi Kazuyoshi

2006 Volume 41.1 Pages 1-7
Published: April 25, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: May 01, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11361/journalcpij.41.1.1

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This study reported the housing rehabilitation process and its support polices adopted after 1996 earthquake in Lijiang, which aimed to clarify the unique local housing recovery subsidy policy in Lijiang and its problems remained as well as challenges ahead. On the basis of the on-site investigation and materials that collected during we interviewed CSB (China Seismological Bureau) and some local governments in Yun Nan Province, the case study illustrates the local housing recovery subsidy policy is success in Lijiang area, but it still has problems in assessing the damage degree, reconstruction principle, financing etc. We hope this case study could be a valuable share reference for urban housing rehabilitation.

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An Analysis of Open Space Pattern Using an Optimization Model of Land Use Mixture

Takashi Watanabe, Tsutomu Suzuki, Makoto Yokohari

2006 Volume 41.1 Pages 8-14
Published: April 25, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: May 01, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11361/journalcpij.41.1.8

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The study identifies the configuration of open spaces using an optimization model of land use mixture. The model referred in the study contains three parameters: distance between open spaces, distance between open spaces and urban areas, and the length of edges between open space and urban area. The model was applied to an ideal region with three different open space ratios. The results show that, by changing the three parameters, typical patterns are obtained and accordingly the extent of mixture of urban area and open space are also changed.

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A Study on the Encouragement Method of Catalytic Project by Local Development Organization

In Case of Third Ward District, City of Milwaukee, U.S.

Arata Endo

2006 Volume 41.1 Pages 15-24
Published: April 25, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: May 01, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11361/journalcpij.41.1.15

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The purpose of this research is to examine the methodology to encourage the catalytic project by local development organization. An analysis object is the Third Ward District of downtown Milwaukee in America. As a result, four practical methods are become clear. The first is the design and fund raising adjustment as the liaison between public and private project. The second is to enhance the attraction of whole district by leading a tax incentive and project promotion. The third is to raise a business opportunity by land owners by sharing property information of the district between property owners. The fourth is to raise property owners' business motivation by building the standard model of the design that is suitable for district.

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A Study on the System for Exemption from Parking Lot Obligation in an Urban Commercial Area

The System and Achievements of the "Ginza Rule" in Ginza District of Chuo City, Tokyo

Kota Kawasaki

2006 Volume 41.1 Pages 25-36
Published: April 25, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: May 01, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11361/journalcpij.41.1.25

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This study examines the so-called "Ginza Rule," a system for exemption from parking lot obligation, inaugurated in the Ginza District of Chuo City, Tokyo, in 2003. The Ginza Rule is a "local rule," that differentiates between buildings with small and large sites, and it allows the owners of the former to provide parking spaces at the latter in remote locations. This study discusses the following three points. Firstly, the rule has brought about highly dense utilization of small sites because the owners of such buildings not need to provide parking spaces on their properties. Secondly, the rule has lead to stagnation in the rebuilding of large sites because the owners are required to create a greater number of parking spaces for small sites as well as for themselves than normally required by the Ordinance on Obligatory Parking Lots. Thirdly, as a consequence, the rule has caused an imbalance between the demand for parking spaces located in remote areas and the supply of additional parking spaces located at large sites.

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Enforcement Level Perception of On-street Bicycle Parking and Mode Choice Behavior of Rail Station Access

Yasunori Muromachi

2006 Volume 41.1 Pages 37-42
Published: April 25, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: May 01, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11361/journalcpij.41.1.37

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While bicycle mode is desirable from the viewpoint of global environment, illegal on-street parking damages local environment typically in railroad station plaza. An efficient way of enforcement activity is required which takes account of bicycle user's behavior. First, how bicycle users perceive the level of enforcement activity, such as penalty and probability of being enforced, is examined. Second, bicycle user's perception of other user's compliance, which is reflected in their choice of access mode to railroad station through social interactions, is studied. Finally, access mode choice models are estimated with discrete choice theory, by which I conclude that the level of enforcement affects bicycle user's behavior in several ways. The impact is also dependent on the perception of enforcement activity.

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A study on the consensus-building methodology in the process of planning extended cities in France

A case study of Strasbourg

Yuka Okai, Takashi Onishi

2006 Volume 41.1 Pages 43-48
Published: April 25, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: May 01, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11361/journalcpij.41.1.43

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This paper aims to clarify the consensus-building methodology to achieve the final planning draft of “SchÉma de CohÉrence Territoriale (SCOT)” that is the current approach for planning extended cities in France. It reviews the position and the mechanism of “Concertation” in the system of citizen participation and discusses the process of making SCOT. Strasbourg is then taken as an example to illustrate the reality of the consensus-building methodology during formulation of the final planning draft. It is argued that the final planning draft is made in the meetings and workshops of a limited number of members like councilors and professionals and then it is disclosed to the public. This process leads to efficient preparation of the plans.

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Development of "Charges d'urbanisme" in the Region of Brussels Capital

Akiko Tanaka

2006 Volume 41.1 Pages 49-54
Published: April 25, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: May 01, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11361/journalcpij.41.1.49

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This paper aims to reveal the development of “charges d'urbanisme” at Brussels in Belgium from the first comprehensive town planning legislation in 1962. The demand of “charges d'urbanisme” was optional at first. But after several modifications, it has become obligatory for some cases. The relation between the permission and the destination of charges has become weaker. So, we can use the charges more freely and it has become the way to reintroduce the population in the office zone. Now, it is used to give a motivation to demolish the towers built in the 60s and rebuild in the form which is harmony with historic center of the city.

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A Study on the Required Parking Spaces according to the District Characteristics

Case Study of Otemachi, Marunouchi, and Yurakucho Districts in Chiyoda borough, Tokyo

Hiroki Koga, Kunimichi Takada

2006 Volume 41.1 Pages 55-60
Published: April 25, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: May 01, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11361/journalcpij.41.1.55

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Required parking spaces are enforced by law when a large scale of buildings is constructed. There is a fixed formula to calculate the required parking spaces by floor area. Because of the laws inflexibility, there has occurred over- and under- estimation of parking spaces for larger and smaller buildings. Therefore, it is necessary to estimate the required parking spaces by the generated traffic volume and automobile usage ratio per floor unit. This paper intend to demonstrate the importance of characteristics of each area in order to estimate the required parking spaces. Then, this paper discusses the necessity of applying local regulations at Otemachi, Marunouchi, and Yurakucho districts in Tokyo as a case study.

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A Study on the Presentation of Land Use Policy in the Non-Planned Area at City Planning Area Master Plan

Considering the Relationship Between Prefectures and Local Authorities

Yousuke Iwamoto, Toshiya Matsukawa, Bunpei Nakade, Shu Higuchi

2006 Volume 41.1 Pages 61-71
Published: April 25, 2006
Released on J-STAGE: May 01, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11361/journalcpij.41.1.61

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In this study, we pay attention to the land use policy in non-planned area described to the city planning area master plan. First of all, we clarify a nationwide decision tendency by the questionnaire survey to whole administrative divisions. In the next, from the survey of the decision details of each prefecture in Nagano, Kumamoto, Miyagi and Fukui, we point out that the problem would exist in the idea for the future urban area and the way of relation between administrative divisions and local authorities at setting the land use policy in non-planned area. Moreover, we propose that land use policy in non-planned area should play the role to reflect the intention of prefectures when the local authorities provide the land use plan or operate afterwards.

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