Journal of the City Planning Institute of Japan

A Basic Research on the Actual Situation of the Resident's Outdoor Living Activities and the Consciousness on Living Environment in Historical District of Xi'an City in China

from the viewpoint of the role of streets

Bibo Ning, Weili Tian, Yoji Kawakami

2008 Volume 43.1 Pages 1-9
Published: April 25, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: January 01, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11361/journalcpij.43.1.1

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This study aims to analyze the residents' consciousness on the living environment and its structure in historical district of Xi'an City, based on the questionnaire survey data. Firstly, it is shown that the resident's various living activities are done on main historical street. Secondarily, it is clarified that the satisfaction rating of resident's living environment is evaluated with three factors; "Convenience", "Historical community", and "Physical living environment" and that the overall satisfaction rating is influenced with "Historical community" and "Physical living environment" factors. Finally, the issues of the historical district/street improvement are discussed.

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The Research on Formation of Self-helped Civilized Area and its Transformation in Case of "Conjunto Habitacional" in Brazil

Yoshisuke Nakaoka, Mitsuko Kawanishi

2008 Volume 43.1 Pages 10-15
Published: April 25, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: January 01, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11361/journalcpij.43.1.10

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"Conjunto habitacional" development is a system of urban development projects for lowest income dwellers, which is most popular in Brazilian cities. The specific characteristics of this system is that even people with lowest income afford to possess themselves of housing lots and houses, and then they try to transform their housing areas to their living town by their self-helped efforts. The purpose of this research is to gather data on "conjunto habitacional" developments in Londrina in order to analyze the system of "conjunto habitacional" development.

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A Study on Effects of Height Regulation and Relaxation in Residential Areas

Ichiro Aoki

2008 Volume 43.1 Pages 16-21
Published: April 25, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: January 01, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11361/journalcpij.43.1.16

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The purpose of the paper is to analyze the external effects of height regulation and relaxation on middle and high-rise buildings in residential areas by cost-benefit analysis through Hednic approach to consider appropriateness of height regulation. According to the results, the author found that introducing height regulation in residential areas causes positive effect in general, and relaxation for construction of high rise buildings affects negatively to the surroundings though the buildings make larger profit to themselves. The author also mentioned that it should be carefully considered both positive and negative impacts when adopting regulations.

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Construction of Self-Diagnosis Evaluation Technique for Safety and Security on Community by Social Capital

A Case Study in Maebashi City

Emi Itogawa, Akira Yuzawa

2008 Volume 43.1 Pages 22-27
Published: April 25, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: January 01, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11361/journalcpij.43.1.22

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The purpose of this study is to construct the self-diagnosis evaluation technique for safety and security on local community. The technique has been composed of three kinds of models which are the community activity model, the disaster prevention activity model, and the crime prevention activity model. The structure each model was extracted of the latent variables using the countermeasure items by the factor analysis, and modeled the relationship between the latent variables and the countermeasure items by the covariance structure analysis. The countermeasure items are decided from the viewpoint of the social capital. The case study was carried out using the constructed models for Maebashi city. As the results, the disaster prevention countermeasure has been retarded in community, and there was the correlation during the community activity, the disaster prevention activity and the crime prevention activity. Therefore, activation of the regional community is necessary for the safety and security on community planning.

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Change of Development Trend after Abolishing Urbanization Control Area in Toyo City Planning Area

Yoko Sakauchi, Michio Ubaura, Kohei Akasaki, Osamu Wada

2008 Volume 43.1 Pages 28-33
Published: April 25, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: January 01, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11361/journalcpij.43.1.28

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Division system of urban planning area into urbanization promotion area and urbanization control area (so called "SEMBIKI") has been utilized in many urban planning areas as one of the most fundamental control instrument of the land use in Japan after the introduction of the system in 1968. The aim of this instrument is to prevent the sprawling developments in the rural area on one hand, and to form the well-planned urban district on the other. After the amendment of the city planning law in 2000, SEMBIKI became selective, and abolished in several urban planning areas. The aim of this research is to clarify the following three points through the survey on Toyo as a case example; background of abolishment of SEMBIKI, effect of abolishment on the development trend, and remaining problems on land use.

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Analysis on Parking Pricing Policy with Discrete-Continuous Choice Model of Parking Location and Duration

Tomio Miwa, Toshiyuki Yamamoto, Takayuki Morikawa

2008 Volume 43.1 Pages 34-41
Published: April 25, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: January 01, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11361/journalcpij.43.1.34

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In the central city area, the vehicles queuing to the parking lot and/or illegally parked on-street cause serious road traffic congestion. This study develops discrete-continuous choice model of parking location and duration in order to better understanding drivers' parking behavior. We apply a simultaneous estimation technique to overcome an inconsistency of a conventional estimation result, and apply WESML estimator because of choice-based sample obtained from mail-in survey. As a result of the analysis concerning the parking price discount measure for reducing the illegal parking on-street, it was shown that the results with a discrete-continuous choice model were greatly different from those with a usual MNL model and a regression model.

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A Study on the Coordination between Prefectures and Municipalities in Urban Master Planning System

Nagakazu Moriyama, Takashi Nakamura

2008 Volume 43.1 Pages 42-50
Published: April 25, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: January 01, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11361/journalcpij.43.1.42

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The city planning law was drastically revised in 2000. On this occasion, in addition to a municipal urban master plan, prefectures are being encouraged to provide urban master plans for all areas requiring city planning. As a result, the urban master planning system has been enhanced. However, the relationship between prefectures and municipalities in the city planning system is now becoming one marked by significant change. This paper is intended to analyze and consider the coordination between prefectures and municipalities in terms of urban master planning. This paper discusses the following points: 1) the coordination of urban master plan content, 2) the setting of numerical population targets, and 3) the coordination of city planning areas zoning.

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A Study on Accumulative Tendency of the Knowledge-based Service Industries and Location Factors

Jea-Hyun Kwon, Kiyonobu Kaido, Shigeru Fukushima

2008 Volume 43.1 Pages 51-59
Published: April 25, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: January 01, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11361/journalcpij.43.1.51

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This study aims at examining the relation between accumulation of knowledge based service industries (KBSIs) and the location factors among 47 prefectures in Japan. The paper clarifies that the concentration of KBSIs is very obvious in the advantageous regions in terms of GRP, high GRP per capita and rich local culture so that KBSIs often concentrate in the core of major metropolitan regions. However, the adjacency to Tokyo and Osaka causes straw-effect, resulting in low concentration of KBSIs in the surrounding areas. Although manufacturing sector enhances some types of KBSIs, it is likely that their accumulation is not so large due to less developing of outsourcing from the manufacturing sector.

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Study on the Reality of Conservation of Species for the Future Policy of Keeping Biodiversity

Factors Concerning Local Conditions and "Likes and Dislikes

Mamoru Taniguchi, Ryoji Matsunaka, Yuji Yamamoto

2008 Volume 43.1 Pages 60-65
Published: April 25, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: January 01, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11361/journalcpij.43.1.60

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The purpose of this study is to clarify factor that influences on conservation of species for the effective future policy of biodiversity. Survey of actual condition of conservation activities is used for this study. The samples were 1,517 conservation activities. In this study "likes and dislikes" of creatures and local conditions have been used. Questionnaire to determine likes and dislikes of different animals has been conducted. Considering local conditions, classification into 5 groups based on density of population and forestland percentage, has been done. Results showed that conservation of species comes under the influence of "likes and dislikes" and local conditions.

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A study on conditions about residence of foreigners in public housing

Yoshiko Inaba

2008 Volume 43.1 Pages 66-71
Published: April 25, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: January 01, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11361/journalcpij.43.1.66

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The purpose of this study is to understand the conditions about foreigners in the public housing in Japan, by the results of survey of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism. Many foreigners are concentrated in the public housing of Kanto and Chubu region. In half of all prefectures, the number of foreigners are increasing. There are some problems that foreigners don't keep the rule of garbage categories, make a noise, and break the lease. And they are not good at communications with Japanese resident, and don't take part in the residents'association. The residents'association makes an effort to solve these problems.

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A Study on the Application of Development Permit System in Korea

Centering around Case of Gyeonggi Province

Gibae Lee, Jekook Kim, Norihiro Nakai, Masahiko Nakanishi

2008 Volume 43.1 Pages 72-77
Published: April 25, 2008
Released on J-STAGE: January 01, 2017

DOIhttps://doi.org/10.11361/journalcpij.43.1.72

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A Development Permit System (DPS) was spread through out the whole country in Korea, since 2003. A DPS is a city planning technique that decides permission or denial of a development act, through the investigation of validity, analysis of existing basic infrastructure, and according to the surrounding's preexistent condition (such as; natural resources, previous constructions, etc). Besides this it ends by complementing the zoning process, started long time prior. Many permit decisions are based on discretionary powers of the municipal Mayor; therefore many cases of development denials cause administrative litigation by the applicants. Consequently municipal Mayors apply the DPS in a passive and defensive attitude. For making sure of a DPS's efficiency, it is necessary the embodiment of a standardized procedure in the municipal ordinance, and the construction of a synthetic application system that would keep a link to other city planning techniques.

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