The purpose of the study is to investigate the actual condition and the characteristics of present citizen’s participant method based on the implementation process of the project and the survey on the opinion of inhabitants in Bongcheon Area in Seoul, where the pioneering housing redevelopment project has been executed. And it is also to estimate the future possibility and limitation of citizen participation on housing redevelopment project in the Republic of Korea.

The theme of this paper concerns about Madras’s slum in India. Madras is one of the big city and has about 2 million inhabitant. A summary will be given as follows; (1) Slum people has heighten especially the population density, of city in Madres. (2) The migrant from rural area has been absorbed in the slum area. (3) Service and tertiary sector has been supported by the slum people. (4) The special, social and economical acceptance has contributed much to the urbanization of Madras.

The settlements installed by Colonization Companies achieved an important function for the urbanization process in Brazil. The Japanese settlements installed before the World War II had a distinct plan and a module for the neighbourhood organization, originating in their seat areas the formation of new towns. This study deals with the process of formation and organization of these settlements and towns, allowing to the existence of an organizational model brought from their native country.

This paper attempts to explain the relationship between population distribution and retail stores distribution in the urban area. First, it is assumed that Thies-sen polygons are the market areas of each retail stores. Next, the probabilistic model is formulated of the population of these market areas. Second, by the use of this model it is statisticaly tested whether or not more population than the expected value ore located in these market areas. Third, I analyze the characteristics of the spatial distribution of these market areas.

The objective of this paper is to derive the probability density function of the distance between residential location and community facility and applying it to urban facility planning. Also, using Voronoi diagram which is the main subject in computational Geometry, it is possible to derive the nearest-neighbour distance probability density function.

This paper analyzes the population distributions in the neighbourhood of the arterial street (National road route No.17) in Takasaki by applying a lumping method to the dotted map data of population. Firstly, two indices are proposed to evaluate the state of population distribution. Secondly, using these indices, this paper examines the variation of the population distributions over time and over the regions defined by the areas enclosed by parallel curves to the street and perpendicular lines to it at constant intervals. From this examination, several empirical findings are derived.

The analysis of spatially located buildings is one of the basic concerns of the city planners. This paper examines building-concerns which is the basic ratio of an urban block. Using the B-W-B Join System in cell model, we derive the quasi-coverage. For example 60% coverage corresponds to 80% quasi-coverage and 25% coverage to 30% quasi-coverage.

In this paper, we discuss the road distance R and the Euclidean distance u between two points that are distributed over an area. The road distance is defined by the shortest path distance on given networks. In Urban areas, the relation between R and u is given by R=1.3u. And on the regional networks, the shortest path distance is correlated to the Euclidean distance. But the mean value of the ratio R/u varies in case by case.

Voronoi diagram contains efficient informations on domain boundary and planning of an area. In this paper, ‘Equidifferent Line’, a development of Volonoi diagram, is defined as a set of points formed by which the subtraction of the distances from the nearest 2 generators in a constant. “Equiproportation Line” is also introduced by an analogous way related to proportion. In addition, ‘Secondary Domain’ is defined by the area formed by the set of the particular points of Equidifferent Lines or Equiproportonal Line.

This paper analyzes the structure of intra-urban employees distributions in eight local major cities in Tokyo metropolitan area from a regional taxonomic point of view. Mesh DID as an urban area in each city in devided into the best number of homogeneous employment districts by means of a Ward’s clustering method with the criteria to evaluate the number of clusters. These districts are compared among cities and classified into five groups. Analyzing the characteristics of the homogeneous employment districts and the spatial distribution of them, several findings are derived.

In recent years, need of redevelopment of the build-up area in metropolitan area is increasing steadily. The paper attempts to reach the two objects: 1) To design a land use simulation game, which is a training machine for planners and students to understand machinism of environmental changes of resident area an learn plan-making method. 2) To evaluate the performance of the game by several test plays.

Like telephone networks, data networks are also being developed today. The increase in data traffic, the accessibility of data processing to new ranks of users, and the need to offer more varied transmission capabilities than those offered by telephone lines are responsible for this evolution. Using a gravity model and multiple regression analysis, this paper studies the relationship between telecommunication mobility and urban structure.

This analysis of the connection of prefectures is performed using the ‘information block’ concept, essentially the delineation of geographic areas which are strongly linked by the flow of information. Both the Theory of Quantification IV (Eij type) and cluster analysis are used. Data form and interprefectural OD table is translated into a 3-D Enclidean distance, and the coordinates are then clustered to generate a hierarchical tree graph. The degree of connection is used to normalize the OD table prior to quantification. The information block is thus formulated using the above-mentioned methods.

In the objected area, non flamable urban redevelopment has been carried using fire proot zone designation, subsidy of non flamable building construction, district planning system, disaster mitigation public facilities, construction of community road network, the promotion methorogy of built-up residential area redevelopment (District improvement with residents) are investigated to analyze the processes of these planning promotion in the objected area.

A basic character of Zoning system can be found in the theories of land use change and land use policy. In this study, it was analized with the survey of fourty-two local governments in the metropolitan area that the land use change in industrial zone especially the change of use to residential from industrial caused problems such as aggravation of residential environment or industrial activities and how do they cope with the situation. And some methods of land use inducement and their application were studied.

Amenity of residential area depends on the dweller’s satisfaction to quality and quantity or verdure. Using the detailed vegetation map, the relation between vegetation structure and consciousness or verdure was investigated in there residential areas in Tokyo. As results, dwellers feel much interest in hedges, garden plants and street trees, while very little in agricultural fields and nurseries. They need various types of verdure and open spaces.

The most important moments on which the municipal parks depend are “naturality”, “hiroba-sei” which means the property of open space as gathering men, and “free-potentiality” which means the property of open space as being used freely and ability of developing the powers within it. In this paper, the meaning and the contents of these moments are discussed from the points of the reason for being of the municipal parks.

In order to study low road planting change a image of road, we made montage slides of a road scene that were synthesized variant-types plantings, and we made a psychological experiment with the montage slides. And we analyzed data of the experiment with the factor analysis. As a result, we were suggested that road plantings have effects on increasing the quietness of the image and on decreasing a desolatedness of the image, and that these effects are influenced by shapes, forms, types and volume of road plantings.

This paper shows that the potential capacity of greening at a housing site should be closely related to a series of indicators of size of a site, area of vacant space and width of open space connected to a road and the rate of vacant area against total area of a site. The possibility of prediction of the potentiality was well considered and analyzed, and an indicator of greening potentiality was shown to be effective to evaluate the potentiality of a residential block. Surveys were done on lots of 25 blocks within the urbanized area of Tokyo and its environs.

Fisical transformation occurred in the “Jinja” precincts between 1953 and 1981 are researched using 92 examples situated in Nagoya City. Points to be surveyed are; 1) area and division-outline of precincts, 2) buildings to be new-constructed, 3) horizontal extension of greenery. As a result all the examples are classified into five transformation types according to its degree from the non-change type to the drastical-change type, and general aspects of transformation are 1) transformation of division-outline, 2) new-construction of the storage and “Chozusha”, 3) reconstruction of “Honden”, 4) disapperance of greenery at the backside, and of the access road (Sando).

This paper is as to the planning methodology of water from area, with the civilized are on the lakeshore and the fields in the hinterland. The process to examine is 1) to seize the existing features of the transformation 2) to analyze the factors destroying the traditional water front area 3) to devise the planning method through controlling those factors. The results is to create 1) the land use containing the characteristics of the area 2) the outline of the physical form of the area, retaining the total atmosphere.

The method of stabilization of the living environment from view point on the structure of green space, it si established by the following. 1) Making map of detailed land use division. 2) Making map of detailed green space division. 3) Analysis of the green structure of along the road by 1) and 2). 4) Research on sence of habitant. There obtained the results of individual researches as follows; It is high sence of habitant and good neighborhood in the dwelling that has frequence of appearance of the hedge type among the type of along the road. By the grasping green structure of along the road, you shall find the method of stabilization of the living environment.

This study is on land & environment policies for agricultural land use in urban area. This purpose is to examine the role of agricultural land use from viewpoint of human settlement. In doing so, I set out the questionnaire on about 300 households at Muko-chiku in Amagasaki City.

In recent years many studies on cityscape have been published, but our methods of its survey, analysis, evaluation and planning are still far from complete as an established process. This study explains and examines the methods of survey and analysis – that is, an extraction of the historical characters, a photogrid analysis, a sketch analysis and a color analysis of the area’s cityscape – which we have used in order to design an improvement scheme for a downtown street in Nagoya, and considers the process of cityscape planning.

This paper aims to find the principle of landscape planning by regarding “orientation-axis” or “orientation-sense” as an element of landscape structure. Orientation is an important element for finding out of one’s true position in relation to circumstances. Then it comes from the climate and plays a major part in landscape planning. I studied “orientation-axis” and “orientation-sense” in Japan and investigated in Tama city (Tokyo metropolis) and Hirosaki city (Aomori prefecture).

The purpose of this study is to analyze pedestrian’s eye-movements by using eye-mark recorder on his walking. And we have analyzed the distance between the position or pedestrian’s view point and that of objects he looked at. We consider that mesh method is effective to express the data and analyze them numerically. Some of conclusions are 1) The eye-movements can be seen by vertical motion of eye-mark. 2) Pedestrians are like to see frequently ground surface and borders of their texture.

The expressions of the movements of spreading fire, for example HAMADA-shiki, HORIUCHI-shiki, etc. are too complicated to use and not so accurate to describe the movement of conflagration. By applying the multiple-regression analysis to HAMADA-shiki, this paper derives simple formula with which the area of the burned district is reckoned. Also it proposes simple expression of the movement of spreading fire and inspects it by the data of the conflagrations of this past.

In order to make underground shopping streets safety, the suitable method of evacuation guiding is in need. The objective of this study is to get basic data on efficiency and critical number of people to be guided by one person for two methods; Lead method and Point-Direction method. Through a hearing research and experiments, the date shows followings as a result; 1) Lead method is more efficient in spended time. 2) 10 people is the critical to be guided by one person.

When fire is spreading over a city, to evacuate safety what can be the minimum distance to start evacuation? The purpose of this paper is concerned to analysis of this kind of human behavior while contributing to the improvement of Evacuation guide Technique and developing a parameter of Evacuation behavior Simulation. For this study two cases were taken; 1) Sakata Fire (in 1976): as an example of one source fire. 2) Kanto Earthquake (in 1923): as an example of multi-source fire. Among these two examples the latter’s distance (distance from front to residents) is longer.

An approach for evaluating evacuation policies against seismic fires is presented using a simulation model. It is indispensable for successful evacuation to optimize evacuation zoning and to make road network fireproof. Although burning-down of roads affects evacuation process in complex and nonlinear ways, our simulation model (COSMEP) is revised so that it can express such situations. Using the revised COSMEP, a set of critical roads that have to be fireproofed are found corresponding to each evacuation zoning policy, and policy alternatives are evaluated subject to budget constraints. This evaluation procedure gives us the effective policy for evacuation zoning and fireproofing.

The volcanic activities of Mt. Usu caused various physical, economic and social damages on the community located near Mt. Usu. There were no injuries caused directly by the eruption. However, three hospitals including the core hospital of the community, were seriously damaged. This paper focuses on some of the negative effects on medical facilities, respondent behavior of the facilities to these effects and in-patients’ movement to the other medical institutions; describes some considerations regarding community medical service planning in order to respond to medical needs in the occurrence of a community disaster as well as during ordinary times.

This paper deals with the relation of individual perceptional intensity and human response to earthquake disaster. If thee human response to earthquake is regulated by each perceptional intensity of crisis of earthquake disaster, the calm response must be provided by the suitable intensity of perception. In this paper, it is explained that disastrous experience and learning on crisis of earthquake elevate the individual perception, and that perceptional intensity provides the individual cautious countermeasure against the next earthquake disaster, by the method of questionnaire survey to about 7,000 dwellers in Tokyo.

This paper is to report the following subjects: * Necessity of a pedestrian space in snowy and cold districts. * Typology of planning methods of a pedestrian space in snowy and cold districts. * Examples of the pedestrian space plan we proposed. * Items of a future fundamental research.

This paper tries to find desirable physical elements of a street in a residential area from a pedestrian point of view. Basic supposition is that a pedestrian would choose the best route for him among some routes. In this study, the routes on which each pedestrian really walked one day are investigated. Through an analysis of pedestrian route-choice-behavior, this paper finds that important desirable elements of a street are “short distance”, “effective width”, and “smoothly paved surface”.

The reform of the land taxation systems is expected to be one of the most effective means of increasing the urban land supply. However, only a little knowledge of the impact of the taxation reform are found so far. Therefore, in this study, in particular the effects on the farmer landowners are estimated using a landowner’s personal action-integrated simulation model. These effects are evaluated not only by the increase of land supply but by that of the tax revenue and landowner’s household living standard, and the difference of those impacts caused by that landowner’s attributes are analyzed.

In this paper, the actual condition of housing market in Tokyo Metropolitan region is analyzed to use the housing demand survey of Ministry of Construction. The householders of young age make up market of rented houses and middle age make up market of owned house. The majority of householders move to rented houses in Tokyo-ku area and to owned houses in Tokyo metropolitan region except Tokyo-ku area.

It is necessary to analyze not only the performances of dwelling units but the characteristics of each residential area for comprehensive housing problems. The purpose of this study is to analyze the changing structure of residential area and the level of housing in Kanagawa Prefecture and to point out some problems of regional data using. The methods are as follows; to use the standard area mesh unit, to analyze the National Physical Data, Housing Survey by overlay method and cluster analysis, to classify and identify 8 clusters out of 14 ones by the housing indicators.

There are few forecasting models that can estimate the future urban landuse all over the nation, which is divided into a few categories in several districts or 47 prefectures. This study aims to make this type of model, and firstly the logic of a flow-base model is explained as the theoretical foundation of the model. Next the structure of a forecasting system which consists of two types of models. T model and H model, is described, and the simulation results using these models are analyzed.

Purchasers of Flats in Down Town are any kinds of Families. Some of them have Strict Located Requirement for their labours and business, and the other Families want to live in this place where their parents and familiar friends are living now. But these Flats have any substandard Amenities, such as Lack of playing places for little Children in their sites, and Dangers for traffic affaires on their front streets. It is important to improve them for Housing Renewal in Down Town.

The effect of zoning on actual land use is examined by analyzing the real estate tax files of city of Kobe. The changes of floor spaces of buildings after the regulation in 873 tracts are cross tabulated with use zones. Satistical theory of quantification and triangle diagrams are also used for analysis. The effectiveness of zoning system have been confirmed.

In order to formulate a process of the change in urban land use, we studies on the effects of the social and economic investment on urban land use through analysis on a relationship between land value and land use. The contents of this paper are as follows: 1) Analysis on the factors affecting land value and modelling. 2) Analysis to discriminate urban land patterns and modelling. 3) Application to a forecasting method of the change in urban land use using these models.

The model developed here is based on the Lowry framework, however. More attention has paid to model development based on sound behavioral principles of location choice. For this purpose, the probabilistic choice theory has been applied.

The new type of uses of the dot map became possible through development of the accurate city map on a scale of 1 to 2,500 or 1 to 10,000, which published by the local government in each five years. We perceive the important information on the formation of the residential area intuitively. The uses of this kind are so-called the analogic method. We can deal with the analysis and projection of the Density Distribution. This type of the uses are the digital method.

Recently the population decrease in the central districts of big cities has been the subject of much discussion. However, the causes and processes of this population decrease, in some cases, is not efficiently analyzed. The purpose of this article is to analyze the structure of the recent population decrease in Chiyoda-ku which in included in the C.B.D. of Tokyo. The population of Chiyoda-ku decreased by 19,400 (-26%) between 1970 and 1980. Of this decrease, 50% was mainly due to fewer quasi-household members, and 30% due to the division of ordinary households. The most likely cause is that young people have moved away in pursuit of their individual livelihoods.

This paper deals with a relation between the coverage and the building height. First, a theoretical model with which we can discuss it is provided. Showing the clear relation between them, the case study in Tokyo gives adequacy to this model. Finally, we can reinforce the assumption that the districts with smaller sites and nallow streets tend to be transformed into higher coverage districts because unrestricted building action is limited in such districts.

As one of measures of urban land use control, city plans of Urbanization Promotion Area (UPA) and Urbanization Control Area (UCA) were introduced in the City Planning Act 1968. This study is to analyze the characteristics of urbanization during ten years after the application of UPA and UCA. The characteristics were as follows: density of population, increasing degree of that, ratio of agricultural land use, achievemental rate of planned population, average lot size of residence and so forth.

It is the purpose of this paper to analyze physical factors concerning the renewal of building in Meguro War. The results obtained may be summarized as follows: (1) Each renewal of buildings has a tendency to be effected by peculiar physical factors – the size of site, the accessibility to the railway station, etc. (2) the Method of Hayashi’s Quantification Theory 2 is useful to estimate the transition of the urban a.

This study is to explicate objectively the image of urban facilities and to develop a method how to define the attributes of urban cultural facilities. In this paper, as the first step of this study, the result of psychological-analysis on the people’s concept about the urban facilities is presented. As a result, the analysis showed that the important factors of the image is the Affinity-Factor, the Elegancy-Factor, the Convenience-Factor, the Activity-Factor, the Contemporary-Factor and the Scale-Factor.

The total elimination of natural and institutional feudal barriers was of the utmost urgency for the new Meiji government to achieve its goal of modernization. If we look for the solution, particularly in the field of physical planning, nothing could be more effective than the improvement of communication and transportation systems. The historical development of main telegraph and railway lines has been traced to comprehend the basic idea of national land development in the early Meiji era.

This is part of a historical study of Capital Reconstruction Program, 1923-28, which was carried out after the Great Kanto Earthquake. This article tries to analyze and evaluate the role played in the planning process by Charles A. Beard, a noted American historian, political scientist and municipal reformer, who visited Japan before and after the earthquake. The author concludes Beard’s first visit was a success but the second a failure because his approach was heavily biased by the modern American urban planning, which had little relevancy to the Japanese political situation at that time.