The purpose of this study is to clarify the actual situation of spatial industrial agglomeration and its dynamic externalities in the port and airport industries and knowledge intensive business service, which are the key industries in the Tokyo waterfront area, using a small district unit of analysis.The method of analysis focused on the three indicators of dynamic externalities proposed by Glaeser et al. and derived MAR externalities, Porter externalities and Jacobs externalities using the specialization index, the regional competitiveness index and industrial diversity index. In addition, the results of the analysis were validated by the hedonic approach.

In recent years, the management of urban parks has been promoted by the private sector. This study aims to clarify the actual status of the management and operation of TEN-SHIBA, entrance area of Tennoji Park, and to clarify the relationship with the surrounding facilities through a survey of Visitor's rambling behavior. As a result of the survey, it was found that many visitors to TEN-SHIBA use the surrounding commercial facilities, and that these facilities function as a device to attract visitors to the town. Furthermore, since TEN-SHIBA is also used as a path, it was found that it functions as a node of the city. On the other hand, it became clear that not many people were visiting the retail stores located in Tennoji area, and that further increase in revenue was not expected in TEN-SHIBA.

This paper brings about a new development of regional delivery and collection systems that link a regular ferry vessel and an autonomous drone. We focus on scheduling for the earliest delivery and the slowest collection by the drone starting from a regular ferry vessel. The former is useful for delivering emergency relief supplies, and the latter is useful for collecting as much mails as possible. In addition, we focus on delivery and collection systems in which the drone is deployed at one of the delivery points and the goods loaded on the ship are collected by the drone. These systems help to reduce the flight distance of the drone to the utmost limit.

Statistical distribution of intervals between adjacent building walls in a district (hereafter called interval distribution) is important for evaluating residential environment such as fire-spreading risk. In the literature, the maximum and minimum interval distributions are modelled as Fréchet and Weibull distributions. In this article, these theoretical distributions are applied to derive the probability density function of fire spreading risk for each pair of building construction in a district, by extending Aoki’s fire spreading probability function. Then, the effect of assuming different theoretical interval distributions (Fréchet and Weibull distributions) on the probability density function of fire-spreading risk is theoretically investigated. Since its parameters mainly consist of building density and building coverage ratio, it is possible to evaluate policy effect (e.g. decreasing building density or building coverage ratio) on fire spreading risk reduction considering different theoretical interval distributions.

Employing ownership transfer registration data, this paper investigates changing trends in the transaction volume of existing houses during the COVID-19 pandemic. From 2019 to 2020 in the Tokyo metropolitan area, we show the following trends relative to prior years: (i) transaction volume decreases in areas 0-20km away from central Tokyo, and for detached houses, transactions shift to suburbs; (ii) transaction volume decreases for properties adjacent to station; (iii) transaction volume decreases for properties with small floor area; and (iv) within areas 40-80km away from central Tokyo, transaction volume increases for properties close to forest and/or beach compared to those without such adjacencies. These new trends potentially indicate that the COVID-19 pandemic has changed structure of the market for existing houses.

This paper investigates a possibility of mispricing and withdrawal from housing market among potentially disadvantageous properties. A comparison of price setting and property characteristics between listed properties on real estate portal and transacted properties is conducted in the suburb of the Tokyo metropolitan area. We find that old properties that appear to be underpriced (possibly for their unobserved low housing quality) are not likely to be included in the transaction database, suggesting a possibility for owners to give up selling at their reservation price. We also show a tendency that such properties set excessive initial listing price, which will be largely discounted as their time on market gets long. Our results imply needs to encourage appropriate pricing and to enhance market transparency for successful transactions of potentially disadvantageous properties.

Maintaining the service facilities and providing access via public transportation is a critical task for the aging and shrinking population. This study develops a simultaneous optimization model for the urban center and transportation route to minimize the social cost. This model clarifies the differences in layout of center and route and the subsidy according to population size/distribution and operating cost. First, the small population shows long travel time with high cost. Second, unevenly distributed populations exhibit low social cost and short travel time by providing high-frequency routes within limited areas. They are more noticeable in small populations with a clustered distribution. Third, the change of cost parameters reveals the trade-off relationship between center and route. Lastly, uneven and clustered distribution reduces the necessary subsidy for providing a given level of required time under the same population size.

This study clarifies actual condition of and spatial change along ‘Sewari Tsuro’, which means planed alley in the back boundary line of each block by Post War Reconstruction Project. ‘Sewari Tsuro’ are found in 34 cities of 115 war damaged cities but largest scale cities are Hamamatsu, Okayama, Takamatsu and Tokushima. Resulting from case study for three cities but Tokushima, we find that ‘Sewari Tsuro’ doesn’t give any effect to land use change but effects to building site change pattern and building height. In addition, ‘Sewari Tsuro’ is well utilized as community space by near residents and as exclusive pass way by pedestrians and cyclists. ‘Sewari Tsuro’ should be re-evaluated for the revitalization of central area.

This study clarifies an enforcement effect of Urban Facility Location Plan (UFLP) from case study of Toyohashi and Toyokawa, both of which have enough railway network and original housing subsidy. Comparing with before enforcement and after, there is less change in designated inducing areas of UFLP but we can confirm clear increase of housing building trend within 600m in radius of railway stations. Regarding of housing subsidy in specific area by both cities, we can make sure of future potentiality but now users don’t estimate enough subsidy for housing location decision. Especially how to convey the subsidy information is relevant problem.

For future city planning incorporating historical and symbolic remains, the former Berlin Wall site is worth investigating. The purpose of this research is to explore the present situation regarding the use of the remains of the Berlin Wall, focusing on Checkpoint Charlie (CpC). Through comprehensive document research on the planning process and consensus building after the fall of the Berlin Wall, we found: 1) Similar to other urban development projects in Berlin, CpC is subject to intensive public participation. 2) Even today, more than 30 years after the fall of the Wall, no specific projects have been realized at CpC. 3) CpC reflects the difficulty of interpreting Berlin’s history and the uncertainty of plan realization. 4) Statutory city planning is instrumental in ensuring publicness and promoting consensus building.

This study grasped people’s understanding of compact city in Japan based on tweets. The results of the analysis are as follows.1) Tweets were wide-ranging from daily life to policy content related to compact city. Themes of particular interest were "Definition of policies," "Mobility/ Convenience of living," and "City finance/ Management/ Administrative services."2) As a result of image classification, 34.5% of tweets were positive, 15.0% were negative, and 50.5% were others.3) Positives were associated with "Mobility/ Living convenience" and "Maintenance of infrastructure due to population problems". Negatives were associated with "Infectious disease risk in the city center" and "Transportation/ Feasibility".4) In addition, there were many tweets about "questions about policy" and "unique interpretation".

This study examined the trends of project initiatives and the factors for achieving development targets in 34 peninsulas designated as Urban Renewal Districts. 1) 132 Urban Redevelopment Districts were categorized into tourist districts and urbanized areas. 2) The percentage of indicators related to traffic improvement projects was high in tourist areas. The projects aimed at improving the living environment were high in the urban and suburban areas. 3) Landscape projects and the development of tourist infrastructure were important factors in the development of tourist areas in the Itoshima and Saganoseki Peninsulas. The projects related to roads, parks, and river development were the main factors in the urban and suburban areas of those peninsulas. All 34 peninsulas displayed the same trend.

In recent years, the creation of walkable spaces has increased, but there is little consideration for the urban environment other than destinations. It is necessary to understand the impact of urban environment from neighborhood to destination on walking, and to consider how to support walking at destination as a whole city. In this study, we investigated walking behavior and objective-subjective walkability from neighborhood to destination in cities all over Japan. Then, we analyzed the relationship with the selection of traffic mode and walking behavior. As a result, it was clarified the factors considered necessary for promoting walking in the urban space from neighborhood to the destination, and the impact of each factor for each traffic mode.

Japan’s urban containment policy has shifted from Tokyo Circular Green Belt modeled after UK, to Area Classification System similar to US method. This paper compares UK, US and Japan’s urban containment policy histories, and reached the following conclusions. (1) London Green Belt appeared in 1933 but has specialized in containment only after 1955. (2) Tokyo Circular Green Belt emerged as a measure to stop urban expansion against air attack in 1938, but was abolished by landowners’ opposition in the 1960s. (3) American urban containment policy has appeared as a zoning to coordinate tempo and sequence of urbanization in the mid-1950s. (4) Japan’s area classification system emerged in 1960 after the introduction of American method in 1958, and has been legalized in 1968.

This study clarifies duplication issues of District Planning in Urbanization Control Area (DPUCA) and area where disasters may occur as well as considering future application. Through an analysis of guideline of DPUCA, it seems that there is bipolarization between positive description and negative one on disaster hazard. Because in 2015 Urban Planning Guideline by national government clarifies disaster red zones, duplication has been decreasing since 2015 but nothing been achieved. Some municipalities designated DPUDC with building structure regulation or land raising, and clarified concrete inundating depth for prohibiting duplication. But these cases are quite less. In addition to keep urbanization control in the basis of UCA, municipalities need to operate DPUDC along their own hazardous from geographical condition.

This paper explores the segregation of new towns based on the generational types of new residents in the population declining era. By clarifying this phenomenon, we aim to transfer from a one-size-fits-all theory of new town revitalization and gain a perspective on the specific group of residents each town should target. The analysis revealed that new towns could be divided into several types: those with a predominantly young population inflow, those with a predominantly middle-aged population inflow, and those with an influx of elderly households. The tendency for the concentration of residents of different generations from those traditionally considered the target population was also apparent. Furthermore, those clusters have a different on its spatial characteristics.

Digitalization is going to affect the provision of various public service which has been mainly provided by public facilities. The study picks up public library service provided by libraries as public facilities and electronic libraries, and examines what kind of attributes of citizens, including access to these libraries, are decisive factors to use library service through the case study of western region in Hyogo prefecture, Japan. Cross tabulations and logistic regression analyses clarify influences of distance from residents of citizens to the libraries as well as several other attributes, including some behaviors related to reading habits and wariness against Covid-19. The study also estimates users by some scenarios and shows that electronic libraries supplements restructuring of public libraries.