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Focused on Supporting Function of Consensus Building of the Urban Master Plan at Hino City
Shigeo Nishikizawa, Sachihiko Harashina
2004 Volume 39.3 Pages
1-6
Published: October 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 02, 2017
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Public participation including multi-stakeholders in the planning process is fundamental factor to make plan feasible. Workshop approach is becoming one of the noticeable ways at present. This study focused on the citizen representatives for making planning scheme of urban master plan and aims to reveal this role based on the Hino city as a case study. The main results are summarized as follows; (1) Valuable information was collected by several methods of workshop such as town watching and several outreach activities. (2) Citizen Representatives not only made plural plans in the workshop at the divided groups but replied to local residents by themselves to promote building consensus. (3) Plan was revised from the cross-local point of view such as the main station area in the Hino city as well as local issues within a community. Thus, citizen representatives took important role for supporting consensus building in the planning scheme.
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Maki Hayashi, Akira Soshiroda, Takashi Tsutsumi
2004 Volume 39.3 Pages
7-12
Published: October 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 02, 2017
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This paper aims to find out the characteristics and the promotion methods of specialties in Oita prefecture. Findings are as follows: 1) Increase of sales are concerned with producing factor, mobilization factor and PR activities. Recently, mobilization factor and PR activities have been increased. Besides the aging of producer and the labor shortage are common problems for each municipality. 2) There are many cases that the same specialties are made in several municipalities, while the recognition area is kept in smaller than municipality area.3)A partnership of nearby municipalities has tendency to increase of sales because of competitiveness in market, and it has effect to keep the specialty producing system.4)The combination of specialties, limited production in a certain area and introduction of a use for specialty lead to increase of sales.
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Takeo Sakairi, Akira Soshiroda, Takashi Tsutsumi
2004 Volume 39.3 Pages
13-18
Published: October 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 02, 2017
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This paper aims to clarify the characteristics of continuous use of local information infrastructure in depopulated area. The analysis is especially on the CATV system in depopulated areas (Kaso-CATV) by questionnaire survey and field survey. The findings are mainly as follows:1) Number of staff, superannuating system, and mannerism of TV program are indicated as the problem of Kaso-CATV. 2) The average number of additional system is 3.1, and 36 of 47 Kaso-CATV introduce no less than an additional system. 3) Kaso-CATV is classified into 4 types from the point of broadcasting programs, customer service, and fare. 4) A development process of additional system is classed in 7 patterns. 5) It is important that the autonomy get interest of inhabitants in order to utilize local information infrastructure. And it may contribute to the depopulation problems.
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the case study of an entertainment TV program through the views of local residents and the producer
Junichi Tahara, Haruhiko Goto, Yoshito Yamazaki
2004 Volume 39.3 Pages
19-24
Published: October 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 02, 2017
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Rural cultures that all rural settlements have retained tend to disappear. In order to inherit their values, using a model village is an effective way to broaden them. This study aims to clarify the roles and possibilities of the model in broadcasting of rural cultures by a TV program. In this study, through interviews and questionnaire surveys, the views of the local residents living around the model village and the producer of the program are analyzed. It concludes that by broadcasting a traditional rural culture, the TV program can help the local residents to revalue their own cultures, however should be taken account of how their daily lives are protected.
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In case of Village Nishimera , Miyazaki Prefecture
Kyoko Okazaki, Haruhiko Goto, Yoshito Yamazaki
2004 Volume 39.3 Pages
25-30
Published: October 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 02, 2017
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Recently the activities such as area-making are tackled in many places, and many inhabitants are understanding it important that they should take part in area-making voluntarily. To keep these activities and a comfortable environment, the young talented people who can succeed to that are looked for. It is one of the big subjects to accept returnees. The returnees of about two times of the national average is in Nishimera. In that background, it seems that there is a possibility with more than one factor is high except for measures of the self-governing body as well. This study defines the several factors in increasing of returnees in Nishimera and analyzes the change of those.
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A case study of Toyama City
Yuta Sugii, Kenjiro Omura
2004 Volume 39.3 Pages
31-36
Published: October 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 02, 2017
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This paper aims to investigate the transformation of the central shopping street in Toyama city. Toyama is the first city that established challenge-shop project. To analyze the transformation, changes in the composition of shops are studied. Interviews to storekeepers who recently opened their shops in the central shopping street are also carried out. The main findings are as follows: 1) the character of the Central shopping street has been changed from the place of multi shopping to that of the furnishings. The decrease of daily shops causes the increase of those on road side in suburb.2) The fashion shops in the center are facing to severe situation. Special policy to secure the fashion shops is necessary. 3) Integrated policy including rental fee problem is necessary.
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Keiichi Miyajima, Akira Soshiroda, Takashi Tsutsumi
2004 Volume 39.3 Pages
37-42
Published: October 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 02, 2017
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This paper aims to clarify the regional information characteristics, the superiority, and similarity of prefectures by analyzing the statistics about the information, and to obtain a suggestion of the examination method to reveal the information environmental originality. Findings are as follows; 1) The regional information characteristic was revealed from 46 indexes of utilization, 42 indexes of public development, and 27 indexes of private development. And there are differences between the superiority in each point, 2) The regional information characteristic is classified into 5 types by each point. Their complex leads to 24 types, and it shows the diversity of prefectures, 3) The concrete examination method to reveal the prefecture's information environmental originality was shown by a case study.
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Jun Mitera, Yoshiaki Honda
2004 Volume 39.3 Pages
43-48
Published: October 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 02, 2017
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Recent years, passengers of local railways are decreasing. On the other hand, with social environment, a role required for local railways has come to diversify. The purpose of this research is drawing improvement policy of area around the station to reproduce local railways. The results are as follows. 1) Areas around the station were classified into the group with five characteristics by Cluster analysis. 2) Present condition was evaluated using Electronic survey. Generally, evaluation for cooperation of the stations and circumference area was low level. 3) The prototypes were set up and worked on improvement policy, which is effective to reproduce local railways.
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Case study on Utsunomiya city
Motoyoshi Omata, Kenjiro Omura, Tomokazu Arita
2004 Volume 39.3 Pages
49-54
Published: October 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 02, 2017
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This paper aims to clarify the actual condition and the problem of the vacant floor for commercial and business use in the central area of Utsunomiya city, where transformation of commercial environment occurs recently, and to consider and evaluate about each used indicator of vacancy. As a background, after surveying a present situation in central city of Utsunomiya, we analyze about feature and tendency of vacant floor, for example, the number of stories, size and use. Using some indicators about vacancy, we grasped and considered about the situation and problem for each street. Finally, we propose the trial calculation about the city rate of vacancy.
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An Implementation Review and Lessons from Growth Management Hearings Boards' Review in Washington State
Sadatsugu Nishiura
2004 Volume 39.3 Pages
55-60
Published: October 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 02, 2017
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The Washington Growth Management Act (GMA) showed substantive changes in local government land use decision-making in the State of Washington. The Act requires local governments to adopt a comprehensive land use plan to guide development consistent with not only the goals but development regulations. The GMA established a new administrative body and appeal process for local land use planning decisions with the creation of Growth Management Hearings Boards (GMHB). This writing primarily focuses on GMHBs final orders for the petitions brought by various planning bodies and citizens to examine implications and lessons for regional planning.
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Through the general review and case studies
Eiko Hanawa, Chie Nozawa, Takashi Onishi
2004 Volume 39.3 Pages
61-66
Published: October 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 02, 2017
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Local Government Act defines three administrative functions of prefectures over municipalities: the coordination among various stakeholders, the complement to municipal administration and regional administration. This paper aims to analyze the planning process of prefectural master plans for city planning area and the relation between prefectural master plans and municipal master plans in terms of these three functions. We carried out the general review of the planning process by the questionnaire surveys to the prefectures and some case studies. The conclusion is that the coordination and the regional administration by prefectural master plans should be more strengthened and the complement to the municipalities should be decreased in terms of decentralization.
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Implication of SLIM CITY (Smart Layout Indicators to Materialize Compact City) for Toyota-city
Kumiko Nakamichi, Mamoru Taniguchi, Ryoji Matsunaka
2004 Volume 39.3 Pages
67-72
Published: October 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 02, 2017
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This study aims to develop and apply the improved system, SLIM CITY (Smart Layout Indicators to Materialize Compact City), to evaluate urban consolidation projects in residential scale. Though the basic specification of the system had already examined, this is the first trial to apply the system to general municipality, namely Toyota-city. Several scenarios concerning compact and dispersed urban form are examined from a set of evaluation variables. The influence of transportation improvement is also examined. Moreover, it is clarified that the system is very stable and reliable.
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A case study in Kyoto City
Michio Ubaura
2004 Volume 39.3 Pages
73-78
Published: October 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 02, 2017
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On the occasion of the development of commercial facilities, it is essential to control them not only from the viewpoint of protection of living condition, but also from the viewpoint of optimization of their locating structure in the municipal. The objective of this study is to illustrate the effectiveness and problems of location control of commercial facilities from the latter viewpoint in Kyoto city. Finally, we summarized the results of the study in three points; 1) effectiveness and problem of scale control, 2) limited objective and content of control, and 3) characteristic and problem of development control system mixture of zoning control and examination procedures by board of review.
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A case of Tsukuba city and Tuchiura city, Ibaraki Prefecture
Tomoki Kitazaki, Kenjiro Omura
2004 Volume 39.3 Pages
79-84
Published: October 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 02, 2017
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This paper aims to investigate location trends and location characteristics of all sorts of commercial facilities and to examine for land use control for commercial facilities. Based on the data analysis for 20 years, the increasing trend of locations of commercial facilities in the Urbanization Control Area is pointed out. Using statistical analysis and spatial analysis we find four types of the location characteristics of commercial facilities: a) large-size and regional-service type, b) large-size and district-service type, c) small-size and regional-service type, d) small-size and district-service type. It is necessary to improve the present land use regulation to control locations commercial facilities of small-size and regional-service type.
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For the Local Authorities' Draft for Non-Planned Area at City Planning Area Master Plan in Niigata Prefecture
Toshiya Matsukawa, Yousuke Iwamoto, Bunpei Nakade
2004 Volume 39.3 Pages
85-90
Published: October 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 02, 2017
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The purpose of this study is to examine the ideal way of the presentation of the local authority's land use plan that intends the land use control of the non-planned area. As a result, it is confirmed that there are local authorities widely designating the assumed development area such as 'mixed area' and 'specific area' and that those areas are designated with depending on the area of the land for agricultural widely. In the background, the local authority's draft is influenced by the master plan with a high decision degrees-of-freedom to which the future urban area is located for the area of the land for agricultural. On the other hand, it is also confirmed that there are land use policies of not adjusting to the local authority's master plan by giving priority to an individual development intention and the development plan.
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Case Study of the Planning Process of Itabashi Comprehensive Plan
Kimihiro Hino, Koutarou Kojima
2004 Volume 39.3 Pages
91-96
Published: October 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 02, 2017
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The purpose of this paper is to present methods of making proposing organizations representative with the result of questionnaire that many municipalities apply in the planning processes of comprehensive plans. We gave the information of the result of questionnaire to the proposing organization in the planning process of Itabashi Comprehensive Plan, and found that the theme they had had interest in changed probably because they understood others' interest and got wider way of thinking by the information. The methods of making proposing organizations representative and the techniques to grasp the intentions of respondents of questionnaire we present here will be useful for other municipalities.
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Analysis on section composition in 'KAIDOU WO YUKU'
Takayuki Yamazaki, Akira Soshiroda
2004 Volume 39.3 Pages
97-102
Published: October 25, 2004
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In travel essay 'KAIDOU WO YUKU', there are 2 types on section composition. One is 'experience type' composition which shows the dimension of whole images of a local area by describing a lot of local images in the process of author's travel experience, another is 'knowledge type' composition that shows the author's thinking process to bring a local image by describing a variety of knowledge. In other words, considering section composition as the author's thinking process, 'Experience type' composition indicates 'divergent thinking', and 'knowledge type' composition indicates 'convergent thinking.' The feature of the section composition in this essay is 'creative' complex of the 2 section composition types because it is shown in every level of text (whole text, chapter and paragraph.)
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Yusuke Kobayashi, Mikiko Ishikawa
2004 Volume 39.3 Pages
103-108
Published: October 25, 2004
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The purpose of this study is to present the analytical method of the forest network based on nodes and links for landscape and urban planning. For this purpose, Cellular Automata applies to connectivity, and the algorithm of Fowler and Little for analyzing terrain applies to extracting nodes and links of the forest. Using this method, this study is demonstrated the forests at Maioka and Yoshida in Totsuka Ward in Yokohama City. The results are as follows. 1) It is possible to extract more important pathes of the forest network. 2) This method is more practical to analyze the forest network in detail than other methods.
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with analizing the expressions of nightscape in UKIYOE paintings
Yukihiro Hara, Toshimitsu Kuno, Ushio Saito
2004 Volume 39.3 Pages
109-114
Published: October 25, 2004
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The purpose of this paper is to understand the way how people find out the nightscape' identity and the change of the way depending on each era. For this purpose, the expressions of nightscapes in UKIYOE paintings drawn among late Edo Era and early Meiji Era are focused on. So in this paper, to analyze the way of drawing in each era, following studies are tried: a) extracting elements of nightscape from each paintings and grasping its characteristics in each era, b)considering the intention of each characteristics and comparing one with another. As the result of studies above, it is clarified that people in late Edo Era found out nightscapes' identity in difference of forms which is depended on the change of human activities from daytime. And in early Meiji Era, people found out nightscapes' identity in difference of bright and dark, which is depended on the change of light situation.
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Through the analysis of the attraction and the spacial composition of the Sights
Fuyuka Hanyu
2004 Volume 39.3 Pages
115-120
Published: October 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 02, 2017
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This study aims to clarify the transition of the sights (MEISHO), where people visit at leisure time, in Edo city through the Edo period. 25 traditional famous sights and 21 new sights which became to know and recognized to public as a famous sights in the later part of Edo era specifically chosen, and based on guidebooks which introduce the sights, maps around the sights, travelogues and diaries of those days, the analysis was conducted. Through the analysis of traditional sights, it was revealed that many sights provided with various religious equipments inside, and that natural elements and prosperity space became to be described. And through the analysis of new sights, attractive elements of many sights were the landscape from the inside of sight, and although it was a few, there were new sights planned, and producible method to make a space which attracts people in Edo era could be found among them.
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Tomoko Umaki
2004 Volume 39.3 Pages
121-126
Published: October 25, 2004
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The purpose of this paper is to clarify the interpretation of landscape in reconstruction and reclamation of Sotobori, the outer moat of the Imperial Palace, through the Meiji and Taisho Era. The results of this study are as follows; The view of Scenic Beauty and Aesthetics meant creating new landscape or townscape on the reclaimed ground to pretend to be the modernized capital, despite the landscape of Sotobori had been principally formed by topographical properties. The project of reclamation in 1920, which was drawn on the place of scenic beauty, had caused a landscape dispute. As a compromise, a plan to preserve the place as a park was proposed. It satisfied the both, pretending the modernization with furnishing a park and conserving the landform.
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With "Roads" in the Yato Area Taken up as Research Theme
Takanori Mori, Norihisa Yokouchi, Tomohide Okada
2004 Volume 39.3 Pages
127-132
Published: October 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 02, 2017
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In order to preserve the scenery of the unique topography of Yato, valley entrances in the forest and sea surrounded area of Yokosuka City, this research made clear the scenic characteristics and visual structure of Yato. For this purpose, along with studying documents and conducting site surveys, maps were also analyzed in this research. As a result, three elements were found to contribute to the unique character of Yokosuka's Yato . hills on three sides, residential land in the low spots and the presence of the ocean. In addition, eight scenic traits were identified, including Yato branch roads, Yato side roads and ridges connecting Yato. In addition, through visual structure analysis, scenic traits were confirmed objectively.
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Azumi Tanimoto, Toshimitsu Kuno, Usio Saito
2004 Volume 39.3 Pages
133-138
Published: October 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 02, 2017
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The purpose of this study is to grasp the tendency of the way to locate houses among hilly districts with focusing on the topographical character and its role as the factor in locating. For this purpose, the second houses built in the Meiji period in Yato valleys around Kamakura-city are picked over. As the procedure of analysis, following 2 steps are adopted;1)grasping the plane relation between the location of second houses and the topography, by measuring the scale of and the distance from some topographical elements.2)grasping the perspectives towards landform from each place second houses stood in. As a result, it is clarified that, on locating houses in Yato, the topographical characteristics have played the role as the factor, which is to well realize and to utilize for making one's territory and topology in complicated space.
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Tomoko Kawawa, Norihiro Nakai, Masahiko Nakanishi
2004 Volume 39.3 Pages
139-144
Published: October 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 02, 2017
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After the 2nd World War, the development of urban infrastructure in Japan had set its importance more on the economic policy than the local scenery or nature. For the coming constructions, we must have a clear grasp of the problem on the planning process by administrations. On this study, we picked up trees as local resources and considered trees' position on the planning especially in case of Tokyo, through a questionnaire survey and interview with local governments. Our conclusions are the following. First, the flexible plans are found so few after the 2nd World War. Second, the details of the road plan can't be assessed by the present judge method, comparison between cost and effect. Third, the opinion references among local governments and executive posts don't work well. And fourth, it became clear that the existing systems of trees preservation are not sustainable and ineffective.
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A Case Study on Shinto Shrines located along the Hanaore Fault in Kyoto
Noriko Koresawa, Tetsumi Horikoshi
2004 Volume 39.3 Pages
145-150
Published: October 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 02, 2017
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Shinto shrines as sacred places have historically been preserved with their natural environment. A study on the geographical and geological conditions of Shinto shrines along the Hanaore fault in Kyoto shows that these shrines are constructed on the escarpment of not only the basement rock but also the covering layer bulged by the fault. The locations of these Shinto shrines are visible indices of the natural environment as well as indices that potentially reside in the place but are only experienced upon natural phenomena such as an earthquake. These indices are significant for the preservation of landscape surrounding Shinto shrines.
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Institutionalization of Private Beach for Environmental Management and Realization Potentiality seeing from Advanced Autonomy
Masato Yamazaki, Norihisa Yokouchi, Tomohide Okada
2004 Volume 39.3 Pages
151-156
Published: October 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 02, 2017
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This research represents a proposal for the management of coastal environments, based on the use of private beaches, to be implemented mainly by private circles. The research was done by interviewing personnel in three local governing bodies, namely, Onna-son in Okinawa Prefecture, Naruto-machi in Chiba Prefecture, and Amino-cho in Kyoto Prefecture. Through these interviews, we were able to reveal that, as requirements to institute this proposal, exclusive rights to use beach land must be secured for private circles through agreements, etc., to help ensure both private profits and effective environmental management.
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Masato Momiyama, Akira Soshiroda, Fuyuka Hanyu
2004 Volume 39.3 Pages
157-162
Published: October 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 02, 2017
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This paper aims to clarify the commercial and spatial characteristics of the 28areas to attract visitors from wide area, selected through the urban information magazines in Tokyo. Concretely, it mainly analyzes commercial characteristics of the blocs within each area based on commercial statistics. The main findings are follows: 1) The commercial statistical types of business was classified in four of "Wide area type of business" "Others wide area type of business" "Neighboring type of business" "Others neighboring area type of business" in the viewpoint of the attraction to visitors. 2) Each bloc within 28 areas is classified into "balance type (41blocs)" "Fashion, miscellaneous goods type (32blocs)" "Food type (37 blocs)" "Neighboring balance type (69blocs)" "Buried type (20blocs)". 3) The blocs mainly formed by "Wide area type of business" gather in one area except AKASAKA.
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Naoto Tanaka, Takamasa Akiyama
2004 Volume 39.3 Pages
163-168
Published: October 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 02, 2017
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The aim of this study is to introduce expert system to the evaluation of urban landscape. Particularly the urban landscape evaluation is recommended in the local cities because of urban sprawl and unplanned construction in the edge of cities. Expert system is developed to evaluate the landscape with accumulated knowledge from the experiences in practical field. Three aspects of evaluation are introduced, such as structural design, visual harmoniousness and environmental compatibility. Totally 126 rules are installed in this system. The proposed system provides the evaluation score and practical advices through tracing the path of inference. Modified rules are discussed after the application of system to evaluate the example cases. Finally it is confirmed that the system is utilized for providing the direction in urban landscape design.
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The Case of the Planning coherence between the Campania Region, the Province of Naples, and the City of Pozzuoli
Masaru Miyawaki, Kazuhiko Takeuchi, Yoko Kano
2004 Volume 39.3 Pages
169-174
Published: October 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 02, 2017
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This paper deals with the planning system between the State, Regions, Provinces, and the Cities under the decentralization Law no.142 (1990) in Italy. The Campania Region has oriented their Territorial Plan of 2003 not only with Provincial Territorial Plans designed under the Law of 1990, but with Landscape Plans designed by the State under the Galasso Law (1985) . The City of Pozzuoli is located in the important area for the Landscape Planning and promoted a strategic plan with neighbor Cities. The master plan of Pozzuoli was approved by the Province of Naples in 2002, and is evaluated as a model case of well-coordinated and originally detailed zoning and regulations. This paper introduces the effect of the coherence between several planning levels for the Landscape preservation.
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With Case study from Montpellier
Yuka Okai, Takashi Onishi
2004 Volume 39.3 Pages
175-180
Published: October 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 02, 2017
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Communaute d'agglomeration (CAs) were established in France in 1999 as broader area administrative body among local governments for coordinating several activities including those related to urban development. This paper reviews the transition of broader area administrative body in France, introduces the background and the structure of CAs, and clarifies the role of CAs for urban planning administration. CA of Montpellier is taken as an example to illustrate this process and the problems. It is argued that CAs play an important role for urban development because they are the authorities that take decisions as well as they have the means for implementation. The later consist of the revenues generated by their own localities and the funding created by the "Contract of Agglomeration" with the central government. However, disincentives exist for a few localities for not particpate in this system.
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The Background and Present Phases of City Planning toward Urban Regeneration
Kota Kawasaki
2004 Volume 39.3 Pages
181-186
Published: October 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 02, 2017
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This paper aims to analyze the transition of city planning by Chuo City, Tokyo, dividing the past thirty years into roughly two periods as a case study to ascertain the background and present phases of municipal city planning toward urban regeneration. City planning aimed at the recovery of resident populations and the promotion of the housing supply was enforced in the first period until around 1997, when the depopulation trend leveled off. In the second period, when urban regeneration policies by the central government were implemented, up to the present time, city planning aimed at the reconstruction of office and commercial-use buildings and the improvement of the housing quality has been enforced.
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Keiichi Shibuya, Takafumi Kobayashi, Yoshiaki Ohsawa
2004 Volume 39.3 Pages
187-192
Published: October 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 02, 2017
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This paper proposes two analytical methods to evaluate urban nightscape from a given viewpoint. The first method measures the solid angle of the urban area to capture the size of the nightscape. The second one computes the ratio of visible roads to total road length to understand the intensity of the linear elements (e.g. streetlamps). Based on these two methods, we analyzed a hill-top view of the urban nightscape in Hakodate from 1975 to 2000 at five-yearly intervals. We show that the top of Hakodate-Yama was the good location in terms of maximizing the solid angle. Second we demonstrate that urban growth produces more Urayakai spots. Finally we also show that disaster prevention policies contribute greatly to road visibility.
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A case Study in Maebashi City
Shinya Tsukada, Akira Yuzawa
2004 Volume 39.3 Pages
193-198
Published: October 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 02, 2017
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The purpose of this study is to examine the way that attractive park by evaluating from the user's consciousness. From the analysis, we found that there are some elements and factors that influence for synthetic evaluation and some independent factors obtained the questionnaire results. The main conclusions are as follows; 1) It was considered the influences on healing that visitors consciousness structure and experience of past visited park have strongly influenced on attractive park condition. 2) Environmental characteristics of green, fullness of green management and safety characteristics are important elements for especially user's degree of satisfaction in large-park. 3) It was cleared that a restoration of stress, contact with nature, divert oneself and have a good time in doing were greatly related to the healing of satisfaction.
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Makoto Akasaka
2004 Volume 39.3 Pages
199-204
Published: October 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 02, 2017
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The 326 Places of Scenic Beauty as Cultural properties are designated since 1922. However the 169 designations of those were carried into effect intensively before the World War II (1922-1937). During these 16 years occurred many arguments about policies and methods of Preserving of Places of Scenic Beauty. Some reasons of the criticism and the social background in that time are referred in this paper. The Definition of Places of Scenic Beauty as one of the Cultural properties is categorized into 11 parts something like parks, gardens, mountains, rivers etc. The first category Parks and Gardens was designated lopsidedly. The number of designation of the first category was executed mainly before the World War II. The share of the first category is more than 40 percent even now. Therefore the then fact tended to discuss the question of similarity among Preserving of Places of Scenic Beauty and Public Park Service.
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A Case Study of the Godo River, in Kamakura City
Hideya Yamashita, Yukiko Katagiri, Mikiko Ishikawa
2004 Volume 39.3 Pages
205-210
Published: October 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 02, 2017
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Currently, the eco-harmonization in watersheds has been gathering a lot of attention. To establish environmental management methods of watersheds and cities is a key issue. The watershed is consisting of various sizes of units; watersheds of large rivers, of small rivers, and small watersheds which are divisions of a river's watershed. The purpose of this paper is to analyze transitions of the green space environment based on small watersheds, using GIS, on the scale of the Master Plan for Parks and Open Spaces. Firstly, we prepared basic data; small watersheds, land use and present vegetation, and analyzed relationship between environmental capability and transition tendency of forest area in a small watershed. Secondly, to investigate tendency of urbanization and distribution of green spaces, we classified small watersheds into several groups by the cluster analysis. The analysis of component ratio of vegetations of each group clarified qualities of green spaces of small watersheds.
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KIM Hyun, Kazuo Nishii, Kuniaki Sasaki
2004 Volume 39.3 Pages
211-216
Published: October 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 02, 2017
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This study investigates tourists' sightseeing excursion behaviors and their information-use patterns at Mt. Fuji Five Lake Areas. In this study, the relationship between a sightseeing excursion behavior and use of tourist information is focused on and analyzed applying a clustering analysis and a quantitative regression model. Their result shows that the tourist's decision making on the excursion behaviors tends to depend on their information use patterns. Knowledge of those characteristics may give rich information to construct an effective and customer-oriented ITS.
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The living action which was analyzed from the spatial side and the temporal side
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
2004 Volume 39.3 Pages
217-222
Published: October 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 02, 2017
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So far, it specialized most of the tourist resorts in our country to the tourist attractions, the customer development with tourist facility simple substance, it didn't assume that the space and the facilities of the daily life are area resources and there were a lot of tourist resorts to have lacked the consciousness to do customer development with the whole gusset. The whole local resident communicates with the excursionist each other and makes the tourist resort which can be together enjoyed. It grasps the present situation about how the resident and the excursionist are using a gusset for its purpose. It is necessary to reconsider how it makes resident life and sightseeing act symbiose in the future.
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Case Study on the Yokohama City Guide
[in Japanese], [in Japanese], [in Japanese]
2004 Volume 39.3 Pages
223-228
Published: October 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 02, 2017
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It is important that tourist attractions are intelligibly shown for sightseeing. In many cities, to show the tourist attraction of the city intelligibly, tourist attractions are made into a route. But this tourist attraction set by the administration is not effective. Therefore this study aims on the way of an effective tourist route. First we set our study on the sightseeing volunteer guide, which has the viewpoint of the tourist attractions same as the local residents. We study the difference of the route setting of the guide, by the experience of the tourists and the guides themselves. In conclusion, for the first time tourists, the existing tourist route is well satisfied, but for the experienced tourists, we found out that the tourist route with the viewpoint same as the local residents, such as historical elements are needed to be set up.
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Case study on central district of Kamakura-city
Akihiko Osawa, Norihiro Nakai, Masahiko Nakanishi
2004 Volume 39.3 Pages
229-234
Published: October 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 02, 2017
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Recently, it has become major concerns within our country that a high building, which is higher than neighbor's building height, obstructs the view of surrounding landscape. In this study, we measured the floor area ratio, which the landowner cannot use by height control conserving urban landscape in central district of Kamakura-city, and converted it to the opportunity cost. As a result, the opportunity cost commensurate with the proportion to width of road and scale of site by the setback regulation, but some setback regulation can increase opportunity cost. Also deregulation of setback regulation and floor area restriction reduce opportunity cost, on the other hand it has only a limited effect in the areas around Kamakura station and main-road, Wakamiya-Ooji.
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A case study of the central business district in Semba, Osaka
Lee Hosu, Koichi Kana
2004 Volume 39.3 Pages
235-240
Published: October 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 02, 2017
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The purpose of this paper is to investigate appearance of the glass used for building facade and effects of perspective view, on standpoint of optical effect, transparency and reflectivity, in the central business district, Semba, Osaka. The results are as follows:(1) The distribution of the glass in building facade is related to height of building. And the type of glass is not only related to height of building, but also related to width of building and street. (2) Transparency of the glass make effect that goods and posters near the glass can be often seen, and reflectivity of glass make effect that buildings far apart from glass and the sky, usually cannot be seen in natural range of vision, can be often seen. (3) Perspective view of the glass that composed of plural buildings and street whose width is narrow, like Semba, may be able to be made space open.
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Satoshi Takahide, Takako Takaoka, Mamoru Nagai
2004 Volume 39.3 Pages
241-246
Published: October 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 02, 2017
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Festivals are recognized as one of effective means to revitalize the central district of the city. The aims of the paper are following two. One is to propose the method to estimate social benefits of festivals received by visitors based on questionnaire surveys conducted in the festival place. Its adaptability is discussed in the case study. The other is to compare the characteristics of two festivals, namely Miya Maturi in Utsunomiya City and Aki Maturi in Tochigi City from the aspect of their attractiveness. It can be said that two festivals are different in attractive factors based on their objectives, their historical features of festival places and attitudes of communities to the festivals.
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Focusing on the Shiki Natural Regeneration Regulations in regards to mitigation
Masatoshi Shishikura, Norihisa Yokouchi, Tomohide Okada
2004 Volume 39.3 Pages
247-252
Published: October 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 02, 2017
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With the goal of promoting the adoption of mitigation in Japan, the current system and the state of its implementation in Shiki City, Saitama Prefecture were examined and issues were brought to light through this research. Focusing on the Shiki Natural Regeneration Regulations, document investigation and interviews with related agencies were conducted for this purpose. As a result, the primary issue was found to be the need to acquire business-use lands, and suggestions for solving this issue were made.
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Shoichiro Sendai, Hisa Yokoyama
2004 Volume 39.3 Pages
253-258
Published: October 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 02, 2017
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This paper aims to represent the view objects of the sightseeing bus tours in Hiroshima City in the initial period (1954-1972), in order to clarify the historical transition of the landscape of urban tourism. Through the analysis of the guide texts and the verbal account of two retired bus tour guides of Hiroshima Bus Corporation, we indicate two points concerning the composition of the urban landscape: 1) Some new institutions in the period of the postwar reconstruction came to be put in the sightseeing bus tours. 2) On the other side, the various styles of explanation on the Seto Island Sea, as a historical view object, were developed in this period.
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In Case of "Billboard Architecture" at Hirosaki City, Aomori
Ryo Saito, Haruhiko Goto, Yasutomi Sakuma, Yuki Uehara
2004 Volume 39.3 Pages
259-264
Published: October 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 02, 2017
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This Paper focuses on the boundaries, of that made by facade and that dividing residential and commercial usage of billboard architecture. Consciousness of residents rebuilding the billboard architecture were then clarified. Results are as followed. 1) Residents' recognition concerning the facade has changed. 2) Commercial factors give the largest effects to the change of boundary between housing and shop. 3) Changes in both kinds of boundaries happened simultaneously.
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Considering the thread connection both with conflicts of the right to enjoy sunshine and the Kunitachi Machizukuri
Yuzo Uchida
2004 Volume 39.3 Pages
265-270
Published: October 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 02, 2017
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Tokyo District Court gave the decision on the conflicts of Kunitachi Condominium developed by Meiwa Estate Corp Dec.18.2002. Although the condominium building was legal from the point of building code, the court judged it illegal from the point of private law. The Court admitted the right of landscape and ordered the Corp demolishing parts of the building. Considering the problem and the justice, the followings are proposed. 1) Utilizing the local rules at the Machizukuri. 2) The value of landscape must be respected. 3) The due process of the Machizukuri is indispensable.
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Based upon the Case of one Program for rural Regional Development in Hesse
Kyoko Iida, Detlev Ipsen, Alexander Sust, Kimio Takano
2004 Volume 39.3 Pages
271-276
Published: October 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 02, 2017
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This study focuses on Sustainable Development of rural regions upon the case of a program for Regional Development in Hesse in Germany, which had been evaluated in 1999. The potential is given emphasis to, which is in a various and Endogenous Regional Development, which is been managed by teams (Local Action Groups) for Regional Development. These teams take care of projects which are boosted by citizens but partly financed by programs of the EU and Hesse. To improve Regions for the global competition, the politics predominantly invests in infrastructure as ever. But to coin a clearly identifiable profile of a region in future, it will be more necessary to work out and follow a specific regional idea of development. Therefore the single existing programs for the development of a region have to be linked in a more effective way and coordinated according to this particular idea.
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Shigehisa Matsumura, Shizuo Iwata
2004 Volume 39.3 Pages
277-282
Published: October 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 02, 2017
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The objective of this paper is to make an analytical assessment of the current urban management system of Ho Chi Minh City in Vietnam, which has been under the so-called transitional market economy after the introduction of Doi Moi. A particular focus is given to the practicability of the urban planning master plan which was approved by the Prime Minister in 1998. As a result of our research, several crucial problems and issues of the practicability of the master plan were found, which arise from defective laws and regulations, lengthy and complicated development procedure, technical deficiencies of master plan drawings and lack of technical capacity of the government staff.
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Akito Murayama, Hideki Koizumi, Junichiro Okata
2004 Volume 39.3 Pages
283-288
Published: October 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 02, 2017
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A study on urban spatial planning methods that presupposes the participation of various actors is important in utilizing plans to set visions and ensure implementation measures toward urban regeneration. This paper, taking the case of Land Use and Transportation Plan for Downtown Seattle, aims to indicate the methods applied in the planning process based on the detailed documentation of interim products and individual tasks. Through the analysis, the authors indicated twelve methods that can be categorized under scientific methods, creative methods or political methods supporting three aspects of planning. This study is a first step in search for individual planning methods, their identification and systematization.
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For Establishing Sustainable Management System of Living Environment by Residents
Hiroko Saito
2004 Volume 39.3 Pages
289-294
Published: October 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 02, 2017
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The study aims at examining the role of homeowners association on management of living environment and the direction of reorganization of urban planning, urban management, real estate system and housing policy in Japan from view point of living environment management by homeowners association. It is necessary for current urban planning, urban management and real estate system in Japan to be reorganized by living management of HOA in order to make beautiful city while liking and losing a financial burden. For this end, it is necessary to strengthen relationship between urban planning, urban management, real estate system and housing policy on development and management of public space with managing living environment system by community association.
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A case study in Oekotop Heerdt in Duesseldorf city, Germany
Miki Yamaguchi, Kenjiro Omura
2004 Volume 39.3 Pages
295-300
Published: October 25, 2004
Released on J-STAGE: August 02, 2017
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This paper aims to examine how the citizens participate in planning process of Bauleitplan (urban-land-use-plan) in Germany. Oekotop Heerdt in Duesseldorf is studied as a case of participatly planning. Utilizing documents published by citizens' organization and archives, the process of amendments and alterations of the plan has studied. The results of the paper are summarized as follows; 1) the cooperation with the local citizens' group (LCG) in early stage of the process make amendments and improvements to the plan. 2) Intellectual and financial support is important for LCG making proposal. 3) LCG plays an important role in putting the plan into practice, also maintaining and managing the planned area.
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