Laser frequency comb has recently been utilized in a variety of fields beyond its original application for
the precision spectroscopy. Here, we introduce another application for broadband molecular
spectroscopy. Dual-comb spectroscopy has surpassed the capabilities of conventional Fourier transform
spectroscopy based on a Michelson interferometer in terms of measurement speed, spectral resolution,
and accuracy. In this review paper, basics of the dual-comb spectroscopy and hot topics in this field are
discussed.
We demonstrated combination of gapless terahertz (THz) comb with asynchronous-optical-sampling
THz time-domain spectroscopy (ASOPS-THz-TDS), namely gapless THz comb spectroscopy. The
mode-resolved spectrum of THz comb was observed by measuring the temporal waveform of the THz
pulse train with ASOPS-THz-TDS and calculating Fourier transform of it. Furthermore, the gapless THz
comb was realized by interpolating frequency gaps between the comb modes with sweeping of a laser
mode-locked frequency. The demonstration of low-pressure gas spectroscopy with gapless THz comb
spectroscopy clearly indicated that the spectral resolution was decreased down to 2.5-MHz linewidth of
the comb mode and the spectral accuracy was enhanced to 10‒7 within the spectral range of 1 THz. The
proposed method will be a powerful tool to simultaneously achieve high resolution, high accuracy, and
broad spectral coverage in THz spectroscopy.
In order to discover Earth-like exoplanets, we need a Doppler shift detection capability with high
accuracy of 0.7 MHz in the near-infrared region. A broadband laser frequency comb (LFC) has been
greatly expected as ideal standards for the calibration of astronomical spectrographs. The requirements
for the LFC are broad bandwidth, high frequency stability and multi-gigahertz spacing spectrally
resolvable by the spectrographs. In order for the Subaru telescope to challenge the Earth-like exoplanet
detection, we have developed the LFC generator consisting of an optical pulse synthesizer, an optical
pulse compressor and a highly nonlinear fiber. The two stage amplification having band-pass filters and
a Fabry-Perot filter realized high power pump pulses with low noise. We successfully generated the
12.5-GHz-spacing laser frequency comb ranging over 600 nm from 1070 to 1700 nm.
Absolute frequency measurement system in THz region is an indispensable tool for the establishment of
THz frequency standard. We have developed a THz frequency counter based on THz comb using a
photoconductive antenna with a femtosecond-pulse fiber laser. The THz counter has the fractional
frequency uncertainty of 1.7 × 10‒17 at 0.3 THz and an instability of 4.1 × 10‒14/τ up to an averaging time
of 104s.
Using two electro-optic modulator-based optical frequency comb sources, we demonstrate an optical
frequency comb interferometer that enables rapid and precise measurement of over long distances.
500 kHz is the repetition rate of the relative measurement of a 6-mm ambiguity range. The repetition
rate of an absolute distance measurement is about 15 Hz with switching modulation frequencies. The
optical frequency comb interferometer yields 0.4-μm precision at 5.2 m in 2 μs. The improved precision
exceeded 30 nm in 1 ms.
We proposed an ultrafast optical arbitrary waveform synthesizer and analyzer in the femtosecond and
picosecond time regions. Ultrafast waveforms were generated by manipulating the amplitude and the
phase of a 200-GHz optical frequency comb (OFC) using a customized colorless optical synthesizer.
The synthesized waveform was then analyzed on the frequency axis using a custom heterodyne-detection
technique based on dual-heterodyne mixing. With our proposed system, we generated femtosecond
pulses and synthesized composite amplitude-shift and phase-shift keying signals of 22.4-Tbit/s with
112-bit packets in data processing.